Normative modelling

Normative modelling is a cornerstone of our research and a key area of expertise within the lab. By establishing what is typical across populations, normative models provide a powerful framework for identifying subtle, individual-specific brain abnormalities that may be missed by conventional analyses. These approaches account for important sources of variability, including age, sex, and recording site, enabling personalised assessment at the single-patient level.

We have pioneered normative modelling across multiple neuroimaging and neurophysiological modalities, including intracranial EEG, scalp EEG, MEG, and structural MRI. Our work has helped establish population-scale reference maps of brain structure and function that support disease localisation, biomarker discovery, and precision medicine approaches in neurological disorders.

To accelerate adoption of these methods, we have developed accessible open-source software (Brain MoNoCle) and published practical methodological guides, enabling researchers and clinicians worldwide to apply normative modelling in their own studies.