Book Chapters
Carignan, C. (2018). "An examination of oral articulation of vowel nasality in the light of the independent effects of nasalization on vowel quality." In Vietti, A., Spreafico, L., Mereu, D., & Galatà, V. (eds.), Studi AISV IV: Speech in the Natural Context, 19–40, Milan: Associazione Italiana Scienze della Voce, DOI: 10.17469/O2104AISV000002.
Abstract:
In this paper, a summary is given of an experimental technique to address a known issue in research on the independent effects of nasalization on vowel acoustics: given that the separate transfer functions associated with the oral and nasal cavities are merged in the acoustic signal, the task of teasing apart the respective effects of the two cavities seems to be an intractable problem. The results obtained from the method reveal that the independent effects of nasalization on the acoustic vowel space are: F1-raising for high vowels, F1-lowering for non-high vowels, and F2-lowering for non-front vowels. The results from previous articulatory research performed by the author on the production of vowel nasality in French, Hindi, and English are discussed in the light of these independent effects of nasalization on vowel quality.
Carignan, C., Mielke, J., & Dodsworth, R. (2016). "Temporal dynamics of /æ/ tensing in Northern American English." In Côté, M.-H., Knooihuizen, R., & Nerbonne, J. (eds.), The future of dialects: Selected papers from Methods in Dialectology XV (Language Variation 1), 313–319, Berlin: Language Science Press, DOI: 10.17169/langsci.b81.157.
Abstract:
Ultrasound imaging is of interest to many dialectologists, due to the relative transportability and low cost associated with this technique for imaging the tongue. The current study introduces a method for examining the temporal dynamics of articulatory correlates of sociolinguistic variables directly from ultrasound video. This technique is demonstrated with data from North American English /æ/.
Carignan, C. & Fagyal, Z. (2010). "V-to-V assimilation in trisyllabic words in French: Evidence for gradience and locality." In S. Colina, A. Olarrea, & A.M. Carvalho (eds.), Romance Linguistics 2009: Selected papers from the 39th Linguistic Symposium on Romance Languages (LSRL), Tucson, Arizona, March 2009, volume 315 of Current Issues in Linguistic Theory, 25–42, Amsterdam: John Benjamins, DOI: 10.1075/cilt.315.02car.
Abstract:
We investigate the extent of regressive vowel-to-vowel assimilation in trisyllabic words in French. Sixty existing words were inserted in a carrier sentence, each containing /a/ in word-initial unstressed position, and /a/ or /i/ in word-medial unstressed and word-final stressed positions. Acoustic measurements taken at the midpoint of vowels showed that /a/ in word-initial position was less fronted and more open than /a/ in word-medial position when the vowels were followed by a final front vowel. The degree of fronting of /a/ word-initially was greater when the vowel was followed by a front vowel in both medial and final positions. These results suggest that vowel-to-vowel assimilation in trisyllabic words in French is a gradient and local effect of the final front stressed vowel on the vowel immediately adjacent to it.