Introduction
Armillaria, also known as Honey Fungus, consists of several similar species of fungus that fall under that name. (Honey Fungus / RHS Gardening, 2023)
It is known for attacking and killing the root of various woody and perennial plants. (Honey Fungus / RHS Gardening, 2023) The trademark of the Honey Fungus is a white fungal growth between bark and the wood as well as the golden yellow mushrooms that will appear on infected plants. (Honey Fungus / RHS Gardening, 2023)
Kingdom: Fungus
Phylum : Basidiomycetes
Class: Agaricomycetes
Order: Gilled Mushrooms
Family: Physalacriaceae
Genus: Armillaria
(Armillaria Mellea, Honey Fungus, 2016)
Honey Fungus is referred to as a parasitic fungus because of the amount of damage it does to forests. (Armillaria Mellea, Honey Fungus, 2016)
When there's evidence of Armillaria, the damage done is already too much that whatever it infected is dying. (Armillaria Mellea, Honey Fungus, 2016)
However, Honey Fungus is edible and eaten in places like Poland. A study on the consumption of these mushrooms was done in order to better understand how "safe" they were to eat.
As juveniles, the cap and stipe (head and stem) are edible but as they grow, only the mature cap is. (Jerzy Falandysz et al., 2012)
In the study, the scientists wanted to see if the amount of mercury in Honey Fungus (Armillaria solidipes) was unsafe to consume. They tested a variety of locations for this (as shown above). From 1999-2003, specimens from 12 sites were collected and the fruiting bodies (the cap and stipe) were the main target for collection, since thats what people eat (Jerzy Falandysz et al., 2012). Approximately 100g of soil samples were collected from each site. After being cleaned, the mushrooms were air-dired for days and pulverized by mortar (Jerzy Falandysz et al., 2012) . They were wet digested with 6ml of concentrated nitric acid in a microwave oven (Jerzy Falandysz et al., 2012) . Using a mercury monitor, they recorded results.
The results show the Hg concentration in the Caps, Stipes, and Soil to see the concentration. The concentration varied between locations. It was explained that the amount of mercury in the mushrooms was no where near the amount to cause damage to anything.
The Honey Fungus is an Hg accumulator. They concluded that this mushroom species doesn't show to be a health risk from mercury content (Jerzy Falandysz et al., 2012). Though the fungus itself is destructive in nature to plants, it has no impact on human stomachs, no matter how it is cooked (Jerzy Falandysz et al., 2012). People who consume this mushroom have nothing to fear. This is important because if the data was against the consumption of these, then people could be in trouble from consuming them.
Armillaria mellea, Honey Fungus. (2016). First-Nature.com. https://www.first-nature.com/fungi/armillaria-mellea.php
Honey fungus / RHS Gardening. (2023). Rhs.org.uk; Royal Horticultural Society. https://www.rhs.org.uk/disease/honey-fungus
Jerzy Falandysz, Mazur, A., Kojta, A. K., Grażyna Jarzyńska, Małgorzata Drewnowska, Dryżałowska, A., & Nnorom, I. C. (2012). Mercury in fruiting bodies of dark honey fungus (Armillaria solidipes ) and beneath substratum soils collected from spatially distant areas. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 93(4), 853–858. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.5807