Although information-carrying molecules, DNA and RNA, supposedly contain error-free genomic information to facilitate the proper cell functioning, yet it is prone to damage, deterioration, and modifications due to environmental and endogenous factors. The lesions interfere with DNA and RNA synthesis during replication and transcription, respectively, leading to mutations and cell death. As a result, these genomic mutations and subsequently, the disruption of cellular processes may cause cancer, congenital diseases, and aging. To maintain genomic integrity, cells possess several repair pathways such as nucleotide excision repair, base excision repair, mismatch repair, etc. Repair systems are highly conserved from bacteria to humans and protect all living things.

Venom are mixture of several toxins and induces various pharmacological effects in important systems of their prey. As other aspect, animal toxins have played key roles in the discovery and development of therapeutic and diagnostic agents for human diseases and in understanding molecular mechanisms of human physiological system such as blood coagulation, platelet aggregation, neuron and ion-channels. While, it is also interesting a regulation system mechanism of venom animal. To identify the molecule mechanism of resistant against their own toxin plays a key role in understanding specificity and selectivity of endogenous inhibitor existing in venomous animal.

To ensure genome stability, cells have a DNA repair machinery that is tightly coordinated with DNA replication, transcription and cell cycle progression. These machineries are composed by many repair factors and activities of each factor are regulated by signaling networks in an beautifully precise way. Among all important factors involved in the machineries, DNA helicase plays a crucial role since it unwinds DNA and triggers core reactions of DNA metabolisms such as synthesis of nascent DNA strand, production of mRNA and removal of DNA strand including lesions. In other words, DNA helicases act as regulators in the maintenance of genome stability since they give opportunities for the other factors such as polymerases and nucleases to access DNA secondary structures.

Therefore, importantly, the activities of DNA helicases must be tightly regulated as well. Dysfunction of helicases causes cancer and other inherited diseases such as premature aging syndromes, highlighting the importance of helicases in the maintenance of genome stability.