Scratch is a high level block-based visual programming language and website targeted primarily at children 8–16 as an educational tool for programming. Users on the site, called Scratchers, can create projects on the website using a block-like interface. Projects can be exported to HTML5, Android apps and EXE files using external tools. The service is developed by the MIT Media Lab, has been translated into 70+ languages, and is used in most parts of the world. Scratch is taught and used in after-school centers, schools, and colleges, as well as other public knowledge institutions. As of July 2021, community statistics on the language's official website show more than 82 million projects shared by over 74 million users, and more than 73 million monthly website visits.

Scratch takes its name from a technique used by disk jockeys called "scratching", where vinyl records are clipped together and manipulated on a turntable to produce different sound effects and music. Like scratching, the website lets users mix together different media (including graphics, sound, and other programs) in creative ways by creating and remixing projects, like video games, animations, and simulations.

The Scratch interface is divided into three main sections: a stage area, block palette, and a coding area to place and arrange the blocks into scripts that can be run by pressing the green flag or clicking on the code itself. Users may also create their own code blocks and they will appear in "My Blocks".

The stage area which is the preview plane features the results (e.g., animations, turtle graphics, either in a small or normal size, with a full-screen option also available) and all sprites thumbnails are listed in the bottom area. The stage uses x and y coordinate. With a sprite selected at the bottom of the staging area, blocks of commands can be applied to it by dragging them from the block palette into the coding area. The Costumes tab allows users to change the look of the sprite in order to create various effects, including animation. The Sounds tab allows attaching sounds and music to a sprite.

When creating sprites and also backgrounds, users can draw their own sprite manually, choose a Sprite from the library, or upload an image.

The Problem Statement:-

“Students in young ages need to understand about plastic pollution and the sensitivity regarding impact of plastic on environment and aquatic life. Because they are unable to visualize the relation between the knowledge learnt and real effects of plastic pollution over marine ecosystem”

The Proposed solution:

Aquatic game created using scratch which will help students visualize and understand the hazardous , life threatening effects of plastic on aquatic life.

Name:- “Save Shark”

Target Learners:- 5 Graders (10-12 years Age)

To create the game we have chosen 5 different sprites, Shark, Fish, Octopus, Balloon, Plastic Ball

Logic of the game was when Fish, Octopus, Balloon and Ball will be displayed on the screen, Shark has to eat fish and octopus and also dodge the balloon and ball. Whenever a shark comes near the intersection of fish or octopus it will shift to skin 2 which has the mouth open sprite and it will eat the fish.

By intersecting with ball shark will lose a life which will be shown by the scoreboard in negative sequence. When all the life of sharks are over(03) then the facts about how marine debris is deposited and what are effects of it on marine ecosystem is displayed.

Pros:-

1. Scratch programming is easy to understand

2. Beginner in programming languages will require no other extra language

3. Its is easier than other available programming languages

4. Real time simulation lets developer see the changes

5. It does not need any other AI companion, one can simply use it on desktop

6. This language can be self learn

7. Multiple skins of sprite are available and are easy to access, resize, color etc.

Difficulty:-

1. Realtime collaborative work is not possible

2. Bugs are hard to resolve and they come continuously