Abstract: The family Bignoniaceae includes Handroanthus impetiginosus trees, which are sparsely distributed in the northeast of Brazil. Natural products play a vital role in the discovery of drugs for various diseases. Many plants have been used as sources of medicine because of their chemical diversity and potent bioactivity. Handroanthus impetiginosus has been used traditionally to cure a wide range of illnesses, such as cancer, oxidative stress, and inflammation. This work highlights the cytotoxicity, cell death, and routes of apoptosis in lung cancer cells (A549) and the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of roasted Handroanthus impetiginous (lapacho/taheebo) in normal cells. The cell viability assay indicated that puffing roasted taheebo is nontoxic to a normal cell line up to 500 µg/mL but significantly toxic to A549 cells. The roasted lapacho/taheebo also increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in A549 lung cancer cells, and cellular apoptosis via a mitochondrial intrinsic pathway was confirmed. The roasted lapacho/taheebo significantly inhibited both colony formation and cell migration ability, highlighting its potential as an anticancer agent. Additionally, this study demonstrates that roasted taheebo enhanced the expression of genes for BAX accumulation and decreased Bcl-2 gene expression through the p53 signalling pathway. Furthermore, research on the anti-inflammatory properties of roasted taheebo revealed a strong NO inhibition as well as the inhibition of inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, iNOS, COX-2, IL-6, and IL-8) through the NF-κB signalling pathway. However, in H2O2-induced HaCaT cells, roasted taheebo extract significantly reduced oxidative stress by upregulating the level of expression of antioxidative markers (SOD, CAT, GPx, and GST) at 50 μg/mL. As a result, roasted taheebo justifies investigation in animal and clinical trials as a possible source of antioxidants, anti-inflammatory substances, and anti-cancer compounds.

Abstract: A cross-sectional health survey was conducted in Rajshahi of Bangladesh regarding respiratory disease. The objective of the study was to identify the nature, cause and management strategies of respiratory complication. The data was collected from 170 patients among them 76.47% are male and 23.53% are female. Among those of surveyed patients 46% are smoking regularly and most of them (71%) are smoking 1-3 times/day. The patients are affected from surrounding environment and 58.82% patients are affected by passive smoking, 56.47% affected by fume emitted from cooking and 77.06% inhaling dust particles. About 51.76% patients have family history of allergy, 24.71% has food allergy, and 58.24% has discomfort to fog and smoke. The patients are suffering mainly from chronic bronchitis 51.76% and asthma 41.18%. The patients are facing various complications like cough 92.94%, phlegm 38.24%, chest tightness 50%, wheezing 29.41%, itchy 28.24%, runny nose 18.24%, red and watery eye 15.29% and mucous membrane irritation 8.24%. The patients conducted chest X ray 58.24%, lung function test only 0.59% and 11.18% conducted both of them while 30% patient does not conduct any diagnostic test. Patient perception data about their environment shows fully satisfaction 22.94%, partially satisfaction 54.71% and dissatisfaction 21.18%.

Abstract: Rosuvastatin calcium tablets are mainly five brands obtainable that is a synthetic compound which decreases the number of lipid portion which is placed as a hypercholesterolemia treatment. The major purpose of this study is to measure the stability of different brands of Rosuvastatin calcium on the stress condition. Degradation system is a procedure that includes the degradation of drug particles and drug ingredients at specific conditions. Those are generated into degradation products which can be studied to evaluate the quality and efficacy of the drug formulation. There are some guidelines of the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) with some parameters which cause the degradation of a drug product includes heat test, UV light test, time test for 15 days,  acidic pH test, basic pH test. In this study, using an ultraviolet UV spectroscopic system was exhibited for the exploration of the drug absorbance in the whole degradation products. The standard solution of the samples was prepared with water as a solvent to produce a solution containing Rosuvastatin calcium (10mg). Then similarly different brands of drugs were dissolved in water and various dilutions were made which measured the absorbance of Rosuvastatin calcium (10mg) based on an ultraviolet wavelength of 232 nm. The analysis of absorbance of sample preparation calculated at 232 nm against the ratio of blank sample and this study determined through comparing with the evaluation of absorbance data of different brands. The research content result as well as the limit of assays not less than 95% and not more than 105% of the labelled amount the limit of the assay which is specified by USP. It was the final decision that under-five procedures, the entire five brands were degraded in every stress conditions.

Abstract: Pt(II) complexes with a square planar composition exhibit superior optical characteristics over the other metal complexes because their flat shapes result in an orientation that creates an impact in the outcoupling of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). Herein, we designed and synthesized two newly novel tetradentate Pt(II) complexes based on benzimidazole employing ligands namely, Pt(BuCzBn) and Pt(t-BuCzBn) for blue phosphorescent OLEDs application. Both of the two tetradentate Pt(II) complexes were investigated using small-molecule characterization techniques, photoluminescence, electrochemical, electroluminance, and nuclear magnetic resonance techniques. Therefore, the Pt(BuCzBn) and Pt(t-BuCzBn) complexes exhibited single peak blue emissions with photoluminescence wavelengths of 457 and 455 nm with short narrow half full-width half maximums of 41 and 31 nm, respectively. Additionally, the optimized blue PHOLEDs with Pt(BuCzBn) and Pt(t-BuCzBn) as dopants exhibited maximum external quantum efficiency (EQEmax) of 17.9%, 17.5% and maximum luminescence (Lmax) of 33711 and 33670 cd m-2 with Commission International de l'Eclairage (CIE) (x,y) colour coordinates of (0.145, 0.183) and (0.153 0.189), respectively. So, this study result indicated that the newly synthesized benzimidazole-based tetradentate Pt(II) complexes are one of the most promising candidates for highly efficient phosphorescence OLEDs.

Abstract: The efficiency of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has recently improved, demanding a variety of capabilities for the charge-transport layers of the future. We adopted a random ternary copolymerization strategy for designing two terpolymers, namely, P-0.8-E and P-0.8-T comprising benzothiadiazole (BT)-benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]dithiophene (BDT)-diketopyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole (DPP) backbone. The DPP core maintains the rigidity and planarity of the terpolymer structure. The merits of the narrow band gap P-0.8-E terpolymer include high hole mobility and better film formability. Accordingly, the suitable electronic properties of P-0.8-E revealed that it can act as a dopant-free hole transporting material (HTM) in PSCs. Remarkably, P-0.8-E exhibits a higher power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 20.5% over P-0.8-T (PCE of 18.3%) and CTRL (PCE of 14.6%), in dopant-free PSCs. Also, the P-0.8-E established good device storage stability (85 % of their initial PCEs for 1200 and 500 h).  

Abstract: Free radicals are producing continuously inside the living cell as a part of normal metabolic processes and responsible for the generation of various types of diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, neurological disease, pulmonary disease, rheumatoid arthritis, nephropathy, ocular disease etc. Antioxidants are continuously counterbalancing the oxidative radical by breakdown or neutralizing the free radical. Our studied sample mango contains antioxidant property but when it treated with formalin it markedly reduces antioxidant potential of it. The present study was designed to evaluate phytochemical properties of mango after formalin (37% formaldehyde solution) treatment. For this purpose fresh raw mangoes are collected, washed with pure water and divided into two groups. One group was treated with formalin for 7 consecutive days and another group was kept as normal. Both group of sample are then peeled off, dried, crushed into coarse powder and extracted by ethanol under sonication bath. Similar result was found in iron-reducing power assay and DPPH radical scavenging assay where it is found that normal mango peel has almost similar scavenging property as compared to standard BHT. Normal mango peel (NP) exhibits very high radical scavenging activity (IC 50 is 4.2). At 100 μg/ml radical scavenging activity of normal mango peel (NP) is 93.79%, but formalin treated mango peel (FP) at the same concentration possess scavenging property 76.36%, whereas standard antioxidant scavenges about 93.95%. Scavenging power of normal mango flesh (NF) is 39.57% and in formalin treated mango flesh (FF) scavenging potential is only 7.12% at 100 μg/ml.

Abstract: The current studies aimed at determining cytotoxicity and antimicrobial properties of normal and formalin treated mango peel and flesh. If a sample possess sufficient cytotoxicity that it can act as a potential agent for treatment of cancer and liver disease. In Brine Shrimp Cyototoxicity study the shrimp is hatched in artificial sea water, cultured in different sample concentrations at 24 hours and viable nauplii was counted and finally the data was graphically analyzed. Among the extracts the highest cytotoxic activity was found in formalin treated mango peel (ED50) value 5.1 μg/ml than normal mango peel (ED50 value 8.6 μg/ml). Formalin treated mango flesh also shows more cytotoxicity (ED50 is 16 μg/ml) than normal mango flesh (ED50 is 20 μg/ml). In antimicrobial study, zone of inhibition, MIC and MBC are determined on ethanolic extract. The extracts exhibited reasonable antibacterial activities against two gram positive (Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus) and four gram negative (Escherichia coli, Shigella dysenteriae, Agrobacterium species, Shigella sonnei) pathogenic bacteria by using disk diffusion method. It is observe that formalin treated fleshes contain more antibacterial action than peel. The present study clarifies that treatment with formalin elevates antimicrobial potential of mango extract and phytochemical constituents from mango can be used as effective source of antimicrobial drug.