Phonics/ Grammar
boostforreaders.com_shortvowels.pdfboostforreaders.com_silente.pdfboostforreaders.com_doubleletters.pdfboostforreaders.com_digraphs.pdfboostforreaders.com_vowelteams.pdfboostforreaders.com_diphthongs.pdfboostforreaders.com_finaly.pdfboostforreaders.com_silentletters.pdfboostforreaders.com_bossyr.pdfboostforreaders.com_irregularvt.pdf
Vowels and consonants are sounds not letters,
Vowels are the loud sounds that form the nuclei of each syllable, and consonants separate them.
The letters B, C, D, F, J, K, M, N, P, Q, S, T, V, X and Z are mainly used to spell consonants,
The letters A and O are mainly used to spell vowels, and
The letters E, G, H, I, L, R, U, W, Y are used as/in spellings representing both vowels and consonants.
Short vowels do not sound like their letter in the alphabet. They are more common than long vowel sounds. We see short vowels in words like bat, red, fit, hot, and cut.
macron noun
ma·cron | \ ˈmā-ˌkrän , ˈma-, -krən \
: a mark − placed over a vowel to indicate that the vowel is long or placed over a syllable or used alone to indicate a stressed or long syllable in a metrical foot
breve noun
\ ˈbrēv , ˈbrev \
Definition of breve
: a curved mark ˘ used to indicate a short vowel or a short or unstressed syllable
A digraph in the English language is a group of two successive letters that represents a single sound or phoneme. ... Common consonant digraphs include ch (church), ch (school), ng (king), ph (phone), sh (shoe), th (then), th (think), and wh (wheel)
A digraph contains two consonants and only makes one sound such as sh, /sh/. (ch, wh, th, ck) A blend contains two consonants but they each make their own sound, such as /s/ and /l/, /sl/ (st, fl, sk, gr, sw, ect.)
The most common beginning consonant blends include: bl, br, cl, cr, dr, fr, tr, fl, gl, gr, pl, pr, sl, sm, sp and st. Blends can also occur at the end of words as in the word “last”. There are also blends which contain three consonants. Common three consonant blends include: str, spl, and spr.
A digraph contains two consonants and only makes one sound such as sh, /sh/. (ch, wh, th, ck) A blend contains two consonants but they each make their own sound, such as /s/ and /l/, /sl/ (st, fl, sk, gr, sw, ect.)
Vowel digraphs are two vowels that when placed together generate one sound. This includes double vowels like the long “oo” in “moon” or short “oo” in “foot”. Other vowel digraphs are formed by two different vowels like “ai” in “rain” or “oa” in “boat”.
“Silent E makes the vowel say its name.” And if you look at the following word pairs, that rule does appear to be true. In each example, Silent E changes the short vowel into a long vowel (in other words, the vowel says its name)
VCV simply means vowel-consonant-vowel. It's a pattern we find in many two-syllable words. VCV words can be either open or closed
A VCCV word is a two-syllable words with the pattern vowel-consonant-consonant-vowel in the middle of the word. The word breaks into two syllables after the first consonant. ... You'll also find VCCV words that have a double consonant: summer, tennis, better, pattern, soccer, and more.
What is a root word? A root word is a basic word with no prefix or suffix added to it (a prefix is a string of letters that go at the start of a word; a suffix is a string of letters that go at the end of a word). By adding prefixes and suffixes to a root word we can change its meaning.
Prefixes. A prefix is a group of letters placed before the root of a word. For example, the word “unhappy” consists of the prefix “un-” [which means “not”] combined with the root (or stem) word “happy”; the word “unhappy” means “not happy.” A short list of prefixes: Prefix.
prefixes.pdfSuffixes are a letter or group of letters added to the ending of words to change their meaning or function. These useful, shapeshifting tools can be as small as -s, and -ed, or can be larger additions such as -ation, and -ious.
Antonyms are words with opposite meanings. Synonyms are words with the same or similar meaning. Homonyms are words that are spelled and pronounced the same, but have different meanings. Slowly but surely, we can help our kids overcome vocabulary and spelling challenges.
Vocabulary – 3rd grade synonyms spelling - third grade 3 worksheet.pdfVocabulary – 3rd grade spelling antonyms - third grade 3 worksheet.pdf
Punctuation includes marks, not words, that help the structure of a sentence and help the reader understand or navigate that sentence: Punctuation includes commas, semicolons, colons, periods, quotations, and apostrophes. ... They also can help you understand when to breathe or pause when reading a sentence.
punctuation-periodquestionmark_WBZWZ.pdfCommas and quotation marks worksheet.pdfDialogue and punctuation worksheet.pdf
Past tense is a verb form which is marked by time (tense). The past tense is used for actions in a time which has already happened. In order to explain and understand past tense, it is useful to imagine time as a line on which the past, the present tense and the future tense are positioned.
What is an irregular verb? It is a verb that does not follow the common conjugation pattern. The English language has at least 200 irregular verbs.
A contraction is a shortened form of a word (or group of words) that omits certain letters or sounds. In most contractions, an apostrophe represents the missing letters. The most common contractions are made up of verbs, auxiliaries, or modals attached to other words: He would=He'd. I have=I've.
Apostrophes and contractions worksheet.pdfgrade-2-apostrophes-contractions-a.pdfApostrophes and contractions worksheet.pdf
Possessives of names ending in s — The possessive of a name ending in s can be formed by adding only an apostrophe or an apostrophe and another s.
possessive noun worksheet.pdf
Add -s or -es to make most nouns plural. If a word ends in a consonant and y, change the y to i and add es. Irregular plural is a plural noun that has a special spelling or is spelled the same as the singular form.
great-grammar-plural-nouns.pdf
Comparative adjectives are used to compare differences between the two objects they modify (larger, smaller, faster, higher). They are used in sentences where two nouns are compared, in this pattern: Noun (subject) + verb + comparative adjective + than + noun (object).
Add -er to most adjective to compare two people, places, or things. ex. larger
Add -est to most adjective to compare more that two people, places, or things. ex. largest
A homophone is a word that is pronounced the same as another word but differs in meaning. A homophone may also differ in spelling. The two words may be spelled the same, as in rose and rose, or differently, as in rain, reign, and rein
Homophones worksheet.pdf
A syllable is a single, unbroken sound of a spoken (or written) word. Syllables usually contain a vowel and accompanying consonants. Sometimes syllables are referred to as the ‘beats’ of spoken language.
Sentence fragment
A sentence fragment is a sentence that is missing either its subject or its main verb. Some sentence fragments occur as the result of simple typographical errors or omissions of words. They can often be avoided with careful proofreading.
Sentences or fragments Worksheet.pdf
An apostrophe is used in a possessive form, like Esther's family or Janet's cigarettes, and this is the use of the apostrophe which causes most of the trouble. The basic rule is simple enough: a possessive form is spelled with 's at the end.
Possession and apostrophes worksheet.pdf
A complex sentence is a sentence that contains an independent clause and one or more dependent clauses. An independent clause can stand alone as a sentence, but a dependent clause even though it has a subject and a verb cannot stand alone. Here are some examples of complex sentences.
Simple, compound and Complex Sentences Worksheet.pdf
Dictionary
A dictionary is an alphabetical listing of words and their meanings. Dictionaries help users look up definitions to get a better understanding of the word and an overall better understanding of a language or field
Vocabulary – 3rd grade alphabetical order spelling - third grade 3 worksheet.pdf