Almost all 90 universities in Canada are public institutions which offer four-year degrees at less cost than most US universities.
Students apply to a Faculty (e.g., Arts, Sciences, Business, Engineering) but have some flexibility before choosing their major; there are IB prerequisites for certain Faculties.
Applications are straight-forward and predictable: Canada values IB Diploma graduates and makes offers based on students' predicted grades. Information on universities is available here.
There is a trend towards Canadian universities asking for essays and requesting information about extracurricular activities and work experiences.
Students who graduate from Canadian universities are welcome to stay in Canada for up to three years after graduation to gain valuable work experience.
Detailed Guide to Canadian Universities (must be signed in with UWCEA account to access)
IBO Guide for International Students Applying in Canada
Colleges and Institutes Canada Known as "The Voice of Canadian Universities" this website has a great search engine to identify universities with specific programs of study.
EduCanada A valuable tool in learning more about educational opportunities in Canada
eInfo Guide to Ontario universities
OUAC - Centralized system for applying to universities in Ontario
Study Canada A resource guide from the Canadian Education Centre
The Study in Canada site is a useful guide for higher education in Canada.
Virtual Tours of Canadian Universities
Macleans magazine conducts an annual ranking and review of Canadians universities.
As an example, here are IB subject requirements for different faculties at University of British Columbia - these vary by university.
International Trade Canada - General information for Canadians and International students on scholarships
ScholarshipsCanada.com is Canada's most comprehensive scholarship portal. This extensive database can help find scholarships, student awards, bursaries and grants, in addition to information about student loans, applications and budget planning.
Additional sources for financial aid for international and Canadian students can be found on the eduPASS site.