Axolotls were once an apex consumer of their biome, however, once several large fish species were introduced to the lake, this environmental disturbance axolotls have had many difficulties keeping that title. They are now only found in the channels of Lake Xochimilco.
As with any species, they cannot be fully alone. Thus, you should look into the environment and the ecosystem. This is the ecosystem of Lake Xochimilco, the only habitat the axolotls have left. Being carnivores the axolotls love small food that they can swallow whole, one of these creatures is the Montezuma dwarf crayfish, these small invertebrates are a quick and easy meal for the axolotl. For breeding the axolotl loves to lay its eggs on the underwater portion of emergent vegetation, however, two invasive species make this difficult. The Nile Tilapia and the Grass Carp are two species that enjoy vegetation as the primary part of their diet. These two species of fish eat the laying grounds for the axolotl, meaning their eggs have no protection. The Montezuma dwarf crayfish also live among the thick vegetation, as their home, the Nile Tilapia and the Grass Carp also eat their habitat.
The common asparagus fern is only named a fern due to how it looks like one. It is actually not a fern at all and is a member of the lily family. While not poisonous the sap does cause irritation and contact dermatitis. This plant can be found on almost every continent but prefers warm humid climates (70F) and sandy soil underneath a canopy of trees.
Least Concern
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Asparagaceae
Subfamily: Asparagoideae
Genus: Asparagus
Species: A. setaceus
The purple foxglove, or lady's glove, is a beautiful flower, however, can be highly toxic with the right amount. From any foxglove, you can receive digitalis poisoning from ingestion. Purple foxglove can be found in quite a few continents but is heavily populated in the United States and Europe. This is a hardy plant growing in zones 4-10, meaning they can handle low temps of -30 all the way through to 30 degrees Fahrenheit, however, they start to wilt if the temperature goes over 90 degrees Fahrenheit. While they can grow in almost any soil type but prefer well-drained moist soil. As most plants are purple foxglove is a photoautotroph, meaning it utilizes photosynthesis.
Unknown
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Lamiales
Family: Plantaginaceae
Genus: Digitalis
Species: D. purpurea
The Opossum is considered a small Marsupial compared to its family members, being around the size of a domesticated cat, 13-22 inches long. With a long coat of grey and white fur. Opossums can be found all the way from Costa Rica to Canada. Opossums are omnivorous and eat %95 of the ticks they come across. Opossums prefer woodland areas but are also commonly found in residential areas. As opossums evolved from South America's tropic rainforest to this day, they are unable to store fat reserves and thus cannot handle colder temperatures.
Least Concern
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Infraclass: Marsipialia
Order: Didelphimorphia
Family: Didelphidae
Genus: Didelphis
Species: D. virginiana
The ringtail is a mammal and a part of the raccoon family. This creature is known for having brown fur with a white underbelly, with its tail being brown and white in a ring pattern. The ringtail is omnivorous, eating berries and bugs year-round, however, during the winter their primary foods are small vertebrates. They can be found in Mexico and into the southern parts of the United States. The ringtail prefers rocky mountains and slops for their habitat.
Least Concern
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Carnivora
Family: Procyonidae
Genus: Bassariscus
Species: B. astutus
The steller's jay is closely related to the blue jay but shouldn't be mixed up. This is an amniote, meaning this creature lays eggs but is not from the amphibia class. These birds are omnivores, eating nuts, seeds, and berries, along with invertebrates, and baby birds, among other things. This means the Steller's jay will eat the Montezuma dwarf crayfish and the Mexican duck if the need arises. Steller's jay is almost always found in wooded areas and the occasional residential area.
Least Concern
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Family: Corvidea
Genus: Cyanocitta
Species: C. stelleri
The Mexican duck, while currently classified as a least concern they used to be endangered due to overhunting and habitat loss. The Mexican duck is a subspecies of the mallard, a clear way to identify them is that the mallard had bright green feathers on top of their head. They can be found in Mexico and the southern portion of the United States, mainly the wetlands. These birds are omnivorous and will eat many different plants, they will also eat insects, invertebrates, and small fish. That means the Montezuma dwarf crayfish is one of their prey. Now, this is where things can get complicated, the Mexican duck also tends to eat earthworms, and so do the shovel headed earth worms, and as these worms are invasive, they are taking resources from the Mexican duck, thankfully the ducks have plenty of other resources.
Least Concern
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Anseriformes
Family: Anatidae
Genus: Anas
Species: A. diazi
There isn't much information on this species, however, it is quite versatile when it comes to the water it will live in. This subspecies of crayfish is only found in the Mexico wetlands where they are thriving. These crayfish love brackish water and are one of the main prey of the axolotls, along with the Mexican duck, and humans.
Least Concern
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Crustacea
Class: Malacostraca
Order: Decapoda
Suborder: Pleocyemata
Family: Cambaridae
Genus: Cambarellus
Subgenus: Cambarellus
Species: C. montezumae
Not only does the shovel-headed garden worm look creepy, but they're also not the safest creature either. These guys are toxic, they have a neurotoxin called tetrodotoxin which is also found in pufferfish. The shovel-headed garden worm uses asexual fragmentation, they release body fragments, which within two weeks will regenerate a head plate. Now this species is invasive to Mexico as they originate from Southeast Asia, and thankfully there are not a lot of them in the area, and have yet to cause to much damage to the environment. What is unique about this worm is that it's a flatworm, flatworms are well-known for being parasitic, however, this specific species are free living.
Least Concern
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Platyhelminthes
Order: Tricladida
Family: Geoplanidae
Subfamily: Bipaliinae
Genus: Bipalium
This fungus is one of the reasons why names need to be peer-reviewed before. Despite its odd appearance, this fungus is completely edible. It is recommended to eat them before they mature, as when they are mature, they give off a pungent odor. You can quite communally find them in the United States. They love to stay in well-enriched soil, especially near decayed logs, woodchips, and manure.
Unknown
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Basidiomycota
Class: Agaricomycetes
Order: Phallales
Family: Phallaceae
Genus: Mutinus
Species: M. elegans
The blushing rose is a common fungus mostly found in Europe. The blushing rose gets its name from the colors it shows as it matures, and from the petal-like shape it forms. While it is non-toxic, it is considered inedible. This fungus prefers the cooler temperatures of the northern hemisphere, however, can be found in some warmer climates. They are found inhabiting hardwood trees.
Least Concern
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Basidiomycota
Class: Agaricomycertes
Order: Polyporales
Family: Meruliaceae
Genus: Abortiporus
iNaturalist (n.d.) Xochimilco Check List Xochimilco Check List · iNaturalist
Drummond Cynthia (2022, May 12) Invasive, Toxic Hammerhead Worms Found in Rhode Island Invasive, Toxic Hammerhead Worms Found in Rhode Island - ecoRI News
Baldwin R.A. (2015, October) Opossum Opossum / Home and Landscape / UC Statewide IPM Program (UC IPM) (ucanr.edu)