The University's original General Museum (1872-1950s)
Established in 1872, the General Museum at the University of Minnesota was home to many colonial collections. Since its dissolution in the late 1950s, artifacts from the General Museum's collections were dispersed to numerous geology, botany, zoology, and anthropology archives across the state of Minnesota and beyond, with little documentation.
A recent team of researchers has started tracing artifacts from the General Museum to institutions across the country as part of a larger project of repatriating university colonial collections.
The case study is a concrete example of our history of collecting practice and also how to enact a duty of care and responsibility for items, even when they may no longer be in our possession.
Resources
"Report of the Curator of the Museum" in the Annual Report of the Board of Regents for 1873
Inventory of the Minnesota Geological and Natural History Survey papers in University Archives
Bell Museum of Natural History records in University Archives
The Donors of the General Museum's 'Archaeological' Collection resource page is not intended as a celebration of the people who donated the items listed in the General Museum’s Archaeological Catalogue of 1881 but simply their identification. (credit: Kent Kirkby, Earth Sciences)
Newton Horace Winchell (1839-1914) was the third Minnesota State Geologist, head of the Geological and Natural History Survey of Minnesota and, beginning in 1874, the General Museum curator. Consequently, it is not surprising he was responsible for many of the General Museum’s archaeological materials. Winchell arrived in Minnesota in 1872 and remained until his death. Although he traveled extensively, most notably as part of the scientific corps for the 1874 Black Hills Expedition that sparked the Black Hills Gold Rush and led to the Lakota wars. After Winchell’s appointment with the Geological and Natural History Survey of Minnesota ended in 1901, he worked with the Minnesota Historical Society to finalize some of their archaeological studies and publishing The Aborigines of Minnesota in 1911. Unfortunately, Winchell did not confine his collections to discarded objects but excavated Indigenous burials, adding both burial goods and skeletal remains to the museum’s collections. (Text derived from the Donor page, by Kent Kirkby)
Newton Horace Winchell (photo courtesy of University of Minnesota Archives)