Storytelling
"The Odyssey" Book 9 by Homer
"The Odyssey" Book 9 by Homer
In every type of media, there is a storyteller. In music, for example, you can have either the songwriter themselves telling a story or have a narrator who is telling it. A great example would be every song in the Glass Animals' album "How to Be a Human Being," in which the perspective of each character on the album character is used. In "Season 2 Episode 3" we can interpret the song taking place in perspective of someone who's in love with the girl in teal, describing her struggle with depression and how it's affected their relationship. We can interpret towards the end that despite the effort he has put into salvaging this relationship, he can no longer take much more of it and leaves. This is signified by the girl being "happy" at no longer being nagged by his "noise."
Through the guy's perspective, we are given an idea that this girl has made no effort to get on to the path to recovery and is seemingly happy that he has broken off their relationship. However, we aren't actually given insight into how she felt through the relationship and if she was truly happy once he left. Even if we took her being "happy" at face value, we need to remember that this song is being told from the perspective of the guy. Of course, there's also the chance that this is actually how she feels, but for the sake of this being an example let's just ignore that ok.... This shows how important storytellers are to the construction of a character, something that is showcased in Homer's "The Odyssey."
"Don't you need me; You baby boy?; 'Cause I'm so happy; Without your noise"
"Season 2 Episode 3" Glass Animals
In Book 9 of the Odyssey, we are told the encounter of Odysseus and Polyphemus through Odysseus' perspective as he tells it to the Phaeacians as part of Xenia. At a first read, we are lead to believe that Polyphemus is nothing but a "monster" (210 -214).
When Odysseus arrives to Polyphemus' island, he shocked out how much land and abundance of food there was. He and his crew help themselves to it and as they wait for their host to return. Returning, Polyphemus fails to adhere to Xenia, and it cements the idea that he is uncivilized in Odysseus's mind and is how he will portray him as.
In Odysseus's culture, Xenia is of great importance. The Xenia process is as follows:
1. Invite the guest in
2. Offer them a meal
3. Ask for their name
4. Exchange gifts for them
5. Offer them a safe escort home
He paints himself as heroic for being able to take such a beast down and for being able to lead his men out in a successful escape. He gloats to Polyphemus about who he is, to which Polyphemus curses him to have a horrible travel back home.
However, just like in this picture to the right depicts, there is more to Polyphemus than meets the eyes that show us he's more human than Odysseus leads us to believe...
With Book 9 being told through Odysseus, it's easy to think that Polyphemus is the bad guy in the situation. However, going through the story again shows that not everything should be taken at the surface level. While Xenia is a prominent practice for Odysseus, for Polyphemus that is not really the case.
1. (Step 1) Odysseus and his crew trespass into the Polyphemus' home
2. (Step 2) Because they are looters, Odysseus and his crew help themselves to whatever they see after they enter
3. (Step 3) Odysseus purposely omits his name from Polyphemus, telling him his name is "Nobody"
4. (Step 4) Odysseus gives Polyphemus a tricky gift, as it is more of a weapon than it is a gift
(Step 1) Is not observed
(Step 2) is not observed
(Step 3) Polyphemus asks for the names of the intruders when he returns
(Step 4) Polyphemus promises to eat Odysseus last, but this is never given. A thing to note about this is that since Polyphemus is cannibalistic, this gift would've been very generous coming from him.
(Step 5) Polyphemus wishes Odysseus an impossible journey back home
Furthermore, Polyphemus is more human that Odysseus leads us to believe. He cares deeply for his herd of sheep and ram, talking with them and wishing that they could talk back so that they could hold a better conversation. He also not a lone wolf, as the other cyclopes in the area come to his aid when they hear his cries of help. This establishes that they are a community, despite their seeming distance from one another on the island.
I'll be honest, I have never read the Odyssey, so reading only a portion of it was a bit jarring because I felt that I should have read the prior books in order to understand what was going on. However, I'm glad that it wasn't the case and that you could read it as a standalone. While I have not this story before, I was a little familiar with who Polyphemus and Odysseus were from reading the Percy Jackson series growing up.
Since I was not one of those who had to read this book for any class assignment beforehand, I felt that I was able to see through Odysseus' contradictions more easily. Though, I was still surprised at how much unintentional characterization he gave Polyphemus despite him trying to paint him in a negative light. Being able to do this assignment really helps put into perspective how vital it is to know who your narrator is and whether what they're saying is actually true. It is easy to take Odysseus' word for how evil Polyphemus is, and while that doesn't excuse his treatment towards him and his crew, it does make us sympathize for Polyphemus at how Odysseus and his crew trespassed his home. Also, this assignment made me realize how important it is to check whether an assignment is due at 11:59 a.m. and not p.m.
Header Image Source: Photo by Nidheesh K from Pexels: https://www.pexels.com/photo/safety-pin-in-close-up-shot-10755118/