B.C.I

The person in the picture is imagining squeezing a ball, which is shown in the thought bubble labeled “motor imagery.” Even though they are not actually moving their hand, the brain still sends signals similar to when a real movement happens. These signals come from the motor part of the brain.

The EEG cap on the person’s head collects these brain signals. The electrodes pick up the electrical activity from the brain while the person imagines the movement. The signals are then sent through the EEG processing steps shown at the bottom of the image. First, the signals are cleaned in pre-processing to remove noise. Next, important patterns related to the imagined movement are extracted. Then, the system classifies the signal to figure out what movement the person is thinking about.

The picture shows a hybrid Brain–Computer Interface (BCI) system.

It collects different signals from the body:

EEG and fNIRS from the brai

The signals are cleaned, important features are taken, and some signals (EEG + fNIRS) are combined. Then they are classified to create commands.Because it uses multiple types of signals together, the system becomes more accurate and can produce more control commands, which is why it is called a hybrid BCI.