Shakespeare wrote thirty-eight plays in his lifetime, including 154 sonnets and poems. In these works, he used many different styles and themes to portray and shape his plays. These included comedies, histories, and tragedies. Shakespeare portrayed these themes through the use of Freytag's Pyramid, a five-act structure that separates each theme based on events.
Tragedies
A tragedy is a story where the play ends unhappily or with the death of major characters. Shakespeare's use of the conventions of tragedy in his plays is powerful, as he conveys messages and ideas through his heart-breaking stories. Tragedies often included elements of superstition, such as witches and demons. Tragedies often included elements of superstition, such as witches and demons as well.
Histories
Histories were often based on the events and lives of old kings and queens. However, Shakespeare's works used a large amount of imagination to make the plays more engaging. He never wrote a play about Queen Elizabeth I or King James, but instead made close connections to them in other plays.
Comedies
Shakespearean comedies were plays that revolved around love and usually encompassed various genres. While they varied in humor, they predominantly focused on themes like love and character development, applicable to both men and women. Women were sometimes depicted engaging in behaviors considered "unladylike" for the era, such as wearing pants; however, Shakespeare also portrayed them as more courageous and creative than the men in the play, who were often portrayed as stubborn or desperate. The comedies also featured plot twists and subplots that unfolded during the play, culminating in a final scene at the end of the work. Comedies were still hilarious to watch, nonetheless.
The Freytag Pyramid is a narrative structure that splits a story into two halves, the play and the counterplay. Together they create five parts: the exposition, the rising action, the climax, and then the falling action, followed by the resolution. This is what Shakespeare is seen to use quite often, with his comedies and tragedies often being revealed during the climax.