Humanism gained prominence throughout Europe during the Renaissance. It emphasized the importance of individuals and their achievements in education, the arts, literature, and science, making a shift away from traditional religious beliefs such as Christianity, or any religion involving a supernatural god. The rise of the printing press allowed writers to disseminate these ideas and opinions more widely. Christianity also experienced cultural change with the emergence of the Protestant church, started by Martin Luther. Luther advocated for changes within the church, putting personal faith in Jesus Christ over traditional practices of the Roman Catholic Church, such as pilgrimage and the sale of indulgences. This movement stirred intense debate and division between Catholicism and Protestantism across Western Europe. When Queen Elizabeth 1st came to power, she heavily supported the Protestant side of the church, making herself head of the Church in England.

England during the Renaissance period was ruled by the Tudor dynasty, which ruled from 1485 to 1603. During this period, they had major parts in the development of England, taking part in the rebirth of culture and science. Some even say that under the rule of the Tudor Dynasty, Europe hadn’t seen such progression since Roman occupation. They were also wealthier and more expensive than any country before, helping to create the Great British Empire.