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Introduction
Introduction
The process of evolution by natural selection is the scientific explanation for the diversity of life on Earth. In this unit, you will study how organisms have different adaptations that allow them to thrive in particular habitats; how the process of natural selection allows organisms with favourable variations to survive and how this develops into evolution; the evidence for evolution, including Darwin’s work with Finches; and how organisms can become extinct, either naturally or through mass extinction, and the ways in which humans are trying to prevent this.
Task 1: Know
Task 1: Know
Use look, cover, write check to learn the answers to the core questions and the keywords for this topic.
Learn
Learn
Task 2: Adaptations
Task 2: Adaptations
Task 2b: Make notes that:
Explain why organisms need to be adapted.
Describe and explain adaptations to hot and cold environments
Define the structural, behavioural and functional adaptations
Explain how to classify adaptations as structural, behavioural and functional
Task 3: Natural selection
Task 3: Natural selection
Task 3b: Make notes that:
Define and give examples of environmental and genetic variation
State and explain the stages of natural selection
Explain how the colour of rabbit fur is affected by natural selection
Explain how the colour of the peppered moth is affected by natural selection
Task 4: Evolution
Task 4: Evolution
Task 4c: Make notes that:
Define evolution
Describe what Darwin noticed about the finches
Describe and explain the stages of evolution of a new species from a common ancestor
Task 4e: Explain how the cactus ground finch and the mangrove finch evolved separately from a common ancestor.
Use the information sheet from the task earlier to help you.
Mark scheme
Groups of finches from the common ancestor were separated on different islands.
One group ended up on an island where the main food source was cactus.
Finches with longer beaks able to reach past the spines to eat the cactus were more suited and survived
Over many generations, these became the cactus ground finches.
A different group ended up on an island with mangrove forests where insects were the main source of food
Finches with small sharp beaks able to catch insects were more suited and survived
Over many generations, these became the mangrove finches
Task 5: Evidence for evolution
Task 5: Evidence for evolution
Task 5b: Make notes that:
Describe and explain the stages of fossil formation
Explain how the fossil record supports the theory of evolution
Explain why the fossil record is incomplete
Describe how development of antibiotic resistance, structural similarities and DNA studies provide evidence for evolution
Task 5c: Complete and mark the exam question
Task 5d: Complete the progress check
Task 6: Extinction
Task 6: Extinction
Task 6b: Make notes that:
Define extinction
Describe the factors that contribute to extinction
Explain why variation is important to protect species from extinction
Define mass extinction
Explain how humans are thought to be causing a new mass extinction
Task 7: Preserving biodiversity
Task 7: Preserving biodiversity
Task 7b: Make notes that:
Define biodiversity
Explain why humans can benefit from biodiversity
Define endangered species
Describe the factors that can lead to a species becoming endangered
Describe the ways in which endangered species are protected
Task 8: Summary
Task 8: Summary
Task 8a: Review the BBC Bitesize summaries of the key ideas in this topic:
Task 8b: Complete the Seneca learning task for this topic:
Task 8c: Make a mind map or single page revision summary of this topic and add it to your revision folder.
Task 9: Check
Task 9: Check
Complete the quiz to make sure you understand this unit.
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