Government Structure

"The Bugkalot, also referred to as the Ilongot, had a social and political structure that was decentralized. Their community was structured with small, independent villages or hamlets, each governed by a revered elder or chieftain. These rulers were typically selected for their knowledge, expertise, and knack for resolving disputes among the people."

The Bugkalot people traditionally call their leaders "Dumagat," meaning "headman" or "chieftain." The Dumagat is usually a respected elder selected by the community for their wisdom, leadership skills, and talent in resolving conflicts. They are essential in making decisions, settling disputes, and advocating for the community with outsiders.