Summary
Vedas are divided into four sections the Samhitas, the Brahmanas, the Aranyakas and the Upanishads. The Samhitas and Brahmanas form the Karma-Kanda segment of the Vedas and deals with ceremonial rites and rituals, whilst the Aranyakas and the Upanishads form the Gyan-Kanda segment of the Vedas and focus on philosophy and spiritualism.
Aryanyakas:
The Aranyakas, "wilderness texts" or "forest treaties", were composed by people who meditated in the woods as recluses and are the third part of the Vedas. The texts contain discussions and interpretations of dangerous rituals (to be studied outside the settlement) and various sorts of additional materials. It is frequently read in secondary literature.
Brahmanas:
The Brahmanas are prose texts that discuss, in technical fashion, the solemn sacrificial rituals as well as comment on their meaning and many connected themes. Each of the Brahmanas is associated with one of the Samhitas or its recensions. The Brahmanas may either form separate texts or can be partly integrated into the text of the Samhitas. They may also include the Aranyakas and Upanishads.
Prapathakahas:
Samhita:
The Samhitas form the first part of each of the four Vedas. As Samhita is the collection of the mantras, so sometimes Samhitas are referred to as Mantras. They form the basic text of vedas.