A simulation is a form of experiential learning. Simulations take a number of forms. They may contain elements of:
a game
a role-play, or
an activity that acts as a metaphor.
Simulations are generally characterized by their non-linear nature and ambiguity of choices and outcomes.
Models are used in both science and engineering as tools for understanding. The wide range of models used in science and engineering includes, but is not limited to, conceptual models such as drawings and diagrams, maps, three-dimensional structures, physical scale models, mathematical formulas, analogies, computer simulations, and mental models. Models may not correspond directly to the system being modeled, but can they help to simplify complex concepts, make visible what is too small or too large for the human eye to take in, or highlight a particular aspect of a system. All models have limitations, which are important for students to recognize and understand. Conceptual models can help students develop mental models, deepening their understanding and learning.
Here are some helpful resources.
Examples
The videos below for Starburst Candy Rock Cycle Simulation and Crayon Rock Cycle are good examples.
Lesson Plan Links
What-A-Cycle (Water Cycle simulation)
The Incredible Journey (Water Cycle simulation)