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POLYESTER
During the early stages of fundamental research for Du Pont was done by the Carothers team on polyester fibers. In 1941, J.R. Whinfield and J.T. Dickson of Calico Printers Association introduced a successful polyester fiber. Dacron polyester has become one of the most used of all synthesized fibers.
PROPERTIES
Microscopic Appearance
The longitudinal view of polyester exhibits uniform diameter, smooth surface and a rod-like appearance. The cross-section of regular polyester is round
Microscopic appearance of polyester
Physical
1. Polyester is transparent and white or off - white in colour. The fiber strength varies due to differences in the formulation of the polymer.
2. There is no loss of strength when the fiber is wet.
3. Polyester has good elasticity, resilience and wrinkle resistance.
4. The fibers are heat-set to prevent shrink and stretch during use.
5. Polyester like cotton and linen has high degree of wickability. This wicking property carries exterior moisture through to the inside, or body perspiration through to the outside.
Thermal
Polyester will burn and produce a dark smoke and an aromatic odour
2. It forms a grey colored bead.
3. Heat setting is essential if polyester fabrics are to possess the easycare, wrinkle free properties.
Chemical
1. Polyester has good resistance to weak than strong alkalis.
2. It is not affected by acids, but prolonged exposure to strong acids at high temperature may destroy the fiber.
3. It is resistant to organic solvents.
4. Polyester exhibits good resistance to sunlight when behind glass, but prolonged exposure to sunlight weakens the fiber.
Biological
1. Beetles and other insects cut their way through the fabric.
2. Microorganisms will attack fabrics that have been applied with finishes.
Uses
Polyester fibers have immediate consumer acceptance because of their easy-care and wrinkle-free properties. They require no-ironing, easy to launder and quick to dry. Polyesters are not only used as apparel but also in industrial use items such as laundry bags, calendar sheeting, press covers, conveyor belts, fire hoses, fish netting, ropes and protective clothing. An important use of polyester is for surgical implants.
Other Fibers
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