Computer Graphics

Unit I : Basic Concepts

Graphics Primitives: Introduction to computer graphics, Basics of Graphics systems, Raster scan & random scan displays, display processor, display file structure, algorithms and display file interpreter. Display devices, Interactive devices: Tablets, touch panels, mouse, joysticks, track balls, light pen etc., Data generating devices: Scanners and digitizers, primitive operations, display file structure, algorithms and display file nterpreter, Text and line styles. Scan conversions, lines, line segments, vectors, pixels and frame buffers, vector generation, DDA and Bresenham’s line and circle drawing algorithms*, initialising, thick lines, character generation: Stroke Principle, Starburst Principle, Bit map method, display of frame buffer.

(* Scan conversion algorithms should be given mathematical treatment).

Unit II :2D & 3D Transformations

2D Geometric Transformations, Basic transformations- translation, scaling, rotation, other transformations such as reflection, shearing, matrix representation and homogeneous coordinate system, Composite transformation, 3D transformation Polygon filling methods.

Unit III : 3D Viewing & 3D object representation

Projections, Specifying an arbitrary 3D View, Examples of 3D viewing .Polygon surfaces, polygon tables, plane equation, polygon meshes, curved lines & surfaces, quadric surfaces, Spline representation.

Unit IV : Color models & animation

Colors spaces : RGB, HSV, CMY(K), YIQ, Color Mixing. Computer Animation : Animation sequences ,functions & Languages, Key-frame systems, Motion Specifications.

Unit V : Ray Tracing

Ray tracing methods, algorithms, ray surface intersection calculations. Transformation, Hierarchy, Local Illumination and shading.

Unit VI : Advanced Topics

Rendering equation and Monte Carlo methods, anti-aliasing, texture mapping, shadows, GPU, Bezier curves, Fractals, fractal lines and surfaces(With complete mathematical treatment of this unit) Interactive Graphics & usage of at least two tools of computer graphics (3D studio, Maya, Similar tools) ( Usage of tools in Lab ).

Text Books

1. Steven Harrington,”Computer Graphics A Programming approach”,Tata McGraw Hill.

2. M Paulin Baker,”Computer Graphics”, Pearson Education.

Reference Books

1. Davis Rogers,”Procedural Elements for Computer Graphics”, Tata McGraw Hill

2. Foley and Van Dam,”Computer Graphics:Principles and Practice”, Pearson Education

3. F.S. Hill JR,”Computer Graphics Using Open GL”. Pearson Education

4. Amarendra N Sinha, Arun D Udai,”Computer Graphics”, Tata McGraw Hill 22

PRactical Assignment

1. Assignments to understand functions available in graphics library such as,

(a) Text and Graphics mode, initialization of graphics mode, graphics drivers, switching

between text and graphics mode, error handling.

(b) Color, Color Palette, Aspect ratio, Text: fonts, alignment, size, orientation and

justification.

Charts, Histograms, filling a polygon, windowing.

(d) Writing a Graphics Editor

2. Write a program to implement algorithm for line and circle drawing.

3. Write a program to implement algorithm for filling a polygon using scan-fill method.