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- Ecohydrological research in the Vallcebre research catchments started, 20 years ago, with the quantification and modelling of both rainfall interception and evapotranspiration of representative Mediterranean forest. Ongoing investigations focus on the study of: (a) the effect of spatial and temporal variability of throughfall on the variability of soil moisture, (b) the role of stemflow as a hotspot of preferential flow and (c) the spatio-temporal variability of throughfall and stemflow isotopic composition in relation with atmospheric conditions and rainfall characteristics.
The stable isotopic composition of bulk water and mobile water were consistently different across the 1m soil profile over 8 month. Mobile water was more similar to summer rainfall, while bulk soil water was more similar to winter rainfall. Water sampled from a piezometer reflected mean annual isotope values. (Sprenger et al. 2019, Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions)
(Left) Boxplots of annual PM concentrations in grams per liter for open rainfall, throughfall, and stemflow in pine and oak. The horizontal line indicates the median, boxes correspond to the 25th and 75th percentiles, and whiskers represent values that fall within 1.5 times the interquartile range. PM = particulate matter. Th P = Throughfall in pine, Sf P = Stemflow in pine, Th O = Throughfall in oak and Sf O = Stemflow in oak.(Right) Boxplots of stemflow enrichment ratios for pine and oak. EPB is enrichment ratio compared to precipitation flux, and ETB is enrichment ratio compared to throughfall flux. Note that the y axis is in log scale. The horizontal line indicates the median, boxes correspond to the 25th and 75th percentiles, whiskers represent values that fall within 1.5 times the interquartile range, and circles represent outliers. (Cayuela et al. 2019, Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres)
Relationship between δ18O of rainfall and throughfall measured for pines (a) and oaks (b), between δD of rainfall and throughfall (c,d), and between d‐excess of rainfall and throughfall (e,f). (Cayuela et al. 2018, Ecohydrology)
Relationships between mean throughfall and mean soil water content (0-30cm) in the oak and pine plots (top) and between mean throughfall and mean soil water content increments (bottom) for the rainfall events studied (n=34 for each forest plot). Linear regressions were fitted when significant and without considering outliers (filled symbols). (Molina et al. 2019, Science of the Total Environment)
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