My PBL Project

Introduction

My PBL project is a 3D hologram pyramid projector for phones. Ever wondered how to make a 3D hologram pyramid or how it works? The hologram pyramid is a simple device which can be made by manipulating a sheet of plastic into the shape of a pyramid with its top cut off. The device creates a 3D like illusion for the viewer and makes an image or video to appear in mid air. It works on the principle of Pepper’s Ghost. For this, four symmetrically opposite variations of the same image are projected on to the four faces of the pyramid. By principle, each side projects the image falling on it, to the center of the pyramid. These projections work in unison to form a whole figure which creates a 3D illusion.

Methods

Materials:

• • Transparent files

  • Scissors

  • Cello tape or glue

  • Ruler

  • Marker or pen

  • Graph paper

  • Your phone

Procedure:

• 1. Draw a basic trapezoid shape on the graph paper using the dimensions 1cm x 3.5cm x 6cm.

  2. Cut the shape with the scissors and trace it on the transparent file and then cut it. Repeat four times.

  3. Tape the four shapes together, with the longest sides facing the top of the structure.

  4. And that's it try the pyramid on your phone if you did it correctly it should stand on your phone.

Safety:

Be careful with the scissors you don't want to cut yourself.

Results

Materials needed for the project.

The basic trapezoid shape needed for the hologram.

The four trapezoids taped together.

The pyramid placed on a smartphone.

A projected bolt of lightning.

Discussion

Science Behind It

Holography is the using of a special kind of image that is depicted on a two dimensional surface to make an illusion that it is a 3D image. The main principle of holography is to make an image using different beams of light that interfere with each other to make an image on a 2D surface. The beams are made by separating a light source into two with one reflecting light from the object that is going to be photographed, and the other going directly on it from where it came from. The result of this is the hologram. Usually the light source is the laser light. When light from any source falls on the film hologram, it changes the light to remake the light pattern of original object, creating a 3D image.

How It helps in society

Holograms can help a lot in our society. They can make a huge impact in the the medical field. 3D holography stands to enhance visual understanding of the human body. 3D holographic technologies offer the ability to show parts of the human body in a real-life fashion. They are interactive, enabling medical practitioners to not only study images of the body, but to do so efficiently and from multiple perspectives. The capacity for enhanced visual engagement can benefit research, diagnostic efforts and treatments, as advanced 3D software, displays and holograms can be synthesized for a more realistic look at patient conditions. With holograms interaction with images are more naturally evanescent. They offer simpler interfaces and perceptive use and by using reality more, generally it can provide for more fields everyday. In conclusion holographic technologies can make a big impact in our daily lives and economy and for that reason I think that people should invest and improve them.

Questions

How do you make a hologram?

You make a hologram by reflecting a laser beam off the object you want to capture. You split the laser beam into two separate halves by shining it through a half-mirror (a piece of glass coated with a thin layer of silver). One half of the beam bounces off a mirror, hits the object, and reflects onto the photographic plate inside which the hologram will be created. This is called the object beam. The other half of the beam bounces off another mirror and hits the same photographic plate. This is called the reference beam. A hologram forms where the two beams meet up in the plate.

What is a hologram?

A hologram is a physical structure that diffracts light into an image. The term hologram can refer to both the encoded material and the resulting image. A holographic image can be seen by looking into an illuminated holographic print or by shining a laser through a hologram and projecting the image onto a screen.

What gives the illusion of a 3 dimensional image being projected?

Holography is using a special kind of image on a 2D surface that reflects and makes the illusion of a 3D image. The phone/tablet projects photos and these photos are reflected, making it looking like there is a moving 3D image in the center of the pyramid.

Why are holograms useful?

Holograms could potentially make it easier for studies and the comprehension of whatever is being projected. It also could make us more focused and interactive with the object that is being projected. Holograms are a step towards the future and they could very well become a staple in education.