Research

Essentially, all models are wrong, but some are useful.                                                                                      --- George E. P. Box (1987)

Models tend to be useful when they are simultaneously simple enough to fit a variety of behaviors and complex enough to fit behaviors that need the help of an explanatory model.

                                                                                     --- Thomas C. Schelling (1978)

Research Interests

Topics: 

• • Social Technology: Social Networks, Social Media, and Prediction Markets

  • Platform Technology: Sharing/Gig Economy, E-commerce Platforms, and Healthcare Analytics

  • Telecommunications Technology

  • Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Fintech

Methodologies: Econometrics, Statistics, Machine Learning, Game Theory, Laboratory Experiments, and Field Experiments 

Refereed Journal Publications

(FT 50 = Top 50 Journals used in Financial Times Research Rank; UTD 24 = Top 24 journals for UTD Top 100 Business School Research Rankings)

• Ranked 2nd in the world in the number of publications in the top two Information Systems journals (ISR and MISQ) for 2018-2022

• Ranked 1st in the world in the number of publications in the top three Information Systems journals (ISR, MISQ, and JMIS) for 2018-2022

Information source: AIS Research Rankings

• Ranked 5th in most prolific business scientists across all business disciplines based on the number of publications in UTD 24 journals for 2018-2022

Information source: Mithas, S., & Silveira, A. (2024). Trends and Patterns in the Key Attributes of the 24 Top Business Journals: 2001-2021. Production and Operations Management, 33(6), 1245-1264, Additional Online Appendix.

• Ranked 7th in most prolific authors in Information Systems based on the number of publications in FT 50 journals for 2008-2022

• Ranked 32nd in most prolific authors across all business and economics disciplines based on the number of publications in FT 50 journals for 2008-2022

Information source: Mithas, S., Silveira, A. & Zavadskiy, G. (2025). What Do We Know About the Science of Science in Business and Economics? Insights From the Top 50 Journals, 2008–2022. Production and Operations Management, forthcoming, Tables 2 and 4.

66. Guohou Shan and Liangfei Qiu, "Examining the Impact of Generative AI on Users’ Voluntary Knowledge Contribution: Evidence from A Natural Experiment on Stack Overflow," Forthcoming in Information Systems Research. (UTD 24, FT 50).

65. Xingchen Xu, Qili Wang, Yizhi Liu, and Liangfei Qiu, "Social Audience Size as a Reference Point: Evidence from a Field Experiment," Forthcoming in Management Science. (UTD 24, FT 50)

• Media Coverage: Chasing followers makes crypto traders perform worse on social investment sites (UF News)

64. Xin Wang, Chong (Alex) Wang, Liangfei Qiu, and Xi Weng, "You Get What You Pay For! An Economic Analysis of the Impact of Data Sponsorship on Content Production," Forthcoming in Information Systems Research. (UTD 24, FT 50)

63. Yang Liu, Jingchuan Pu, Yuan Chen, Liangfei Qiu, and Hsing Kenneth Cheng, "Departmental Boundaries and Knowledge Sharing in Corporate Online Communities," Forthcoming in Information Systems Research. (UTD 24, FT 50) 

62. Kaiyu Zhang, Qili Wang, Liangfei Qiu, and Nan Wang, "Unveiling the Cost of Free: How an Ad-Sponsored Model Affects Serialized Digital Content Creation," Information Systems Research (2025), 36(2), 962-982. (UTD 24, FT 50)

61. Le Wang, Xin Luo, Liangfei Qiu, Feng Xu, and Xueying Cui, "Win by Hook or Crook? Self-injecting Favorable Online Reviews to Fight Adjacent Rivals," Forthcoming in Information Systems Research. (UTD 24, FT 50)

60. Xusen Cheng, Yue Jin, Yue Xu, Xin Luo, and Liangfei Qiu, "Revisiting Seller Reputation: Impact of Internal and External Reputation on Sales in Online Knowledge Payment Markets," Production and Operations Management (2025), 34(8), 2180–2198. (UTD 24, FT 50)

59. Hui Yuan, Wei Xu, Qili Wang, and Liangfei Qiu, "Does Beauty Truly Matter? Examining The Impact of Beautiful Images in Service Operations Using Deep Learning Analytics," Production and Operations Management (2025), 34(7), 1663–1685. (UTD 24, FT 50)

58. Dongcheng Zhang, Hanchen Jiang, Maoshan Qiang, Kunpeng Zhang, and Liangfei Qiu, "Time to Stop? An Empirical Investigation on the Consequences of Canceling Monetary Incentives on a Digital Platform," Information Systems Research (2025), 36(2), 781-801. (UTD 24, FT 50)

57. Xiaotong Sun, Qili Wang, Liangfei Qiu, and Wei Xu, "Guardians of Tomorrow: Leveraging Responsible AI for Early Detection and Response to Criminal Threats," Forthcoming in INFORMS Journal on Computing. (UTD 24)

• Best Paper Nomination, Workshop on Information Technologies and Systems (WITS), 2020

56. Shenyang Jiang, Miao Hu, Yong Jin, Liangfei Qiu, and Yang Duan, "Impact of Technical Support and Information Provision on Patient No-show Behavior," Production and Operations Management (2025), 34(1), 79-98. (UTD 24, FT 50)

55. Mahendrarajah Nimalendran, Praveen Pathak, Mariia Petryk, and Liangfei Qiu, "Informational Efficiency of Cryptocurrency Markets," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis (2025), 60(3), 1427-1456. (FT 50)

• Media Coverage: Regulation makes crypto markets more efficient (UF News); Is crypto cleaning up its act? (Harvard Business Review)

54. Hua Cheng, Shusen Qi, and Liangfei Qiu, "Career Incentives of Political Leaders and Corporate Operational Efficiency," Production and Operations Management (2024), 33(9), 1931–1952. (UTD 24, FT 50)

53. Zike Cao, Yingpeng Zhu, Gen Li, and Liangfei Qiu, "Consequences of Information Feed Integration on User Engagement and Contribution: A Natural Experiment in an Online Knowledge-Sharing Community," Information Systems Research (2024), 35(3), 1114-1136. (UTD 24, FT 50)

52. Qili Wang, Liangfei Qiu, and Wei Xu, "Informal Payments and Doctor Engagement in an Online Health Community: An Empirical Investigation Using Generalized Synthetic Control," Information Systems Research (2024), 35(2), 706–726. (UTD 24, FT 50)

51. Wenjuan Fan, Yuanyuan Jiang, Jun Pei, Ping Yan, and Liangfei Qiu, "The Impact of Medical Insurance Payment Systems on Patient Choice, Provider Behavior, and Out-of-Pocket Rate: Fee-for-Service versus Diagnosis-Related Groups," Decision Sciences (2024), 55(3), 245-261. 

50. Chencheng Shi, Ping Hu, Weiguo Fan, and Liangfei Qiu, "Competitive Peer Influence on Knowledge Contribution Behaviors in Online Q&A Communities: A Social Comparison Perspective," Internet Research (2024), 34(5), 1577-1601.

49. Mariia Petryk, Liangfei Qiu, and Praveen Pathak, "The Impact of Open-Source Community on Cryptocurrency Market Price: An Empirical Investigation,"  Journal of Management Information Systems (2023), 40(4), 1237–1270. (FT 50)

• Media Coverage: Cryptocurrency's surprising transparency advantage (Tech Xplore)

48. Ramah Al Balawi, Yuheng Hu, and Liangfei Qiu, "Brand Crisis and Customer Relationship Management on Social Media: Evidence from a Natural Experiment from Airline Industry," Information Systems Research (2023), 34(2), 442–462. (UTD 24, FT 50)

47. Avinash Geda, Jingchuan Pu, and Liangfei Qiu, "The Puzzle of Online Arbitrage and Increased Product Returns: A Game-Theoretic Analysis," Production and Operations Management (2023), 32(8), 2387-2399, Lead Article. (UTD 24, FT 50)

46. Yinan Yu, Liangfei Qiu, Hailiang Chen, and Benjamin Yen, "Movie Fit Uncertainty and Interplay between Traditional Advertising and Social Media Marketing," Marketing Letters (2023), 34(3), 429–448.

45. Wenjuan Fan, Qiqi Zhou, Liangfei Qiu, and Subodha Kumar, "Should Doctors Open Online Consultation Services? An Empirical Investigation of Their Impact on Offline Appointments," Information Systems Research (2023), 34(2), 629–651. (UTD 24, FT 50)

44. Mariia Petryk,  Michael Rivera, Siddharth Bhattacharya, Liangfei Qiu, and Subodha Kumar, "How Network Embeddedness Affects Real-Time Performance Feedback: An Empirical Investigation," Information Systems Research (2022), 33(4), 1467-1489. (UTD 24, FT 50)

• Media Coverage: Do You Criticize or Celebrate Your Colleagues? It May Depend on Your Social Position (Phys.org)

43. Yuan Chen, Hsing Kenneth Cheng, Yang Liu,  Jingchuan Pu, Liangfei Qiu, and Ning Wang (all authors contribute equally), "Knowledge-Sharing Ties and Equivalence in Corporate Online Communities: A Novel Source to Understand Voluntary Turnover," Production and Operations Management (2022), 31(10), 3896-3913. (UTD 24, FT 50)

42. Zhijun Yan, Lini Kuang, and Liangfei Qiu, "Prosocial Behaviors and Economic Performance: Evidence from an Online Mental Healthcare Platform," Production and Operations Management (2022), 31(10), 3859-3876. (UTD 24, FT 50)

41. Liangfei Qiu, Ruiqi Liu, Yong Jin, Chao Ding, Yangyang Fan, and Andy Yeung, "Impact of Credit Default Swaps on Firms’ Operational Efficiency," Production and Operations Management (2022), 31(9), 3611-3631. (UTD 24, FT 50)

40. Subodha Kumar, Liangfei Qiu, Arun Sen, and Atish Sinha, "Putting Analytics into Action in Care Coordination Research: Emerging Issues and Potential Solutions," Production and Operations Management (2022), 31(6), 2714-2738. (UTD 24, FT 50)

39. Naveen Kumar, Liangfei Qiu, and Subodha Kumar, "A Hashtag is Worth a Thousand Words: An Empirical Investigation of Social Media Strategies in Trademarking Hashtags," Information Systems Research (2022), 33(4), 1403-1427. (UTD 24, FT 50). 

• Media Coverage: What's a Hashtag Worth? (Fox School News)

38. Liangfei Qiu, Subodha Kumar, Arun Sen, and Atish Sinha, "Impact of the Hospital Readmission Reduction Program on Hospital Readmission and Mortality: An Economic Analysis" Production and Operations Management (2022), 31(5), 2341-2360. (UTD 24, FT 50)

37. Jingchuan Pu, Yang Liu, Yuan Chen, Liangfei Qiu, and Hsing Kenneth Cheng, "What Questions Are You Inclined to Answer? Effects of Hierarchy in Corporate Q&A Communities," Information Systems Research (2022), 33(1), 244-264. (UTD 24, FT 50)

36. Yang Pan and Liangfei Qiu, "How Ride-Sharing Is Shaping Public Transit System: A Counterfactual Estimator Approach," Production and Operations Management (2022), 31(3), 906-927. (UTD 24, FT 50)

• • Media Coverage: Is Uber Killing Public Transportation? (Freeman News)

35. Xiaowei Mei, Hsing Kenneth Cheng, Subhajyoti Bandyopadhyay, Liangfei Qiu, and Lai Wei, "Sponsored Data: Smarter Data Pricing with Incomplete Information," Information Systems Research (2022), 33(1), 362-382. (UTD 24, FT 50)

34. Shu He, Liangfei Qiu, and Xusen Cheng, "Surge Pricing and Short-Term Wage Elasticity of Labor Supply in Real-Time Ridesharing Markets," MIS Quarterly (2022), 46(1), 193-228. (UTD 24, FT 50)

33. Xunyi Wang, Meiling Jiang, Wencui Han, and Liangfei Qiu, "Do Emotions Sell? The Impact of Emotional Expressions on Sales in the Space-Sharing Economy," Production and Operations Management (2022), 31(1), 65-82. (UTD 24, FT 50)

32. Hongpeng Wang, Rong Du, Wenqi Shen, Liangfei Qiu, and Weiguo Fan, "Product Reviews: A Benefit, A Burden, or A Trifle? How Seller Reputation Affects The Role of Product Reviews," MIS Quarterly (2022), 46(2), 1243-1272. (UTD 24, FT 50)

31. Jingchuan Pu, Tingting Nian, Liangfei Qiu, and Hsing Kenneth Cheng, "Platform Policies and Sellers’ Competition in Agency Selling in the Presence of Online Quality Misrepresentation,"  Journal of Management Information Systems (2022), 39(1), 159-186. (FT 50)

30. Ying Ding, Yanping Tu, Jingchuan Pu, and Liangfei Qiu (all authors contribute equally), “Environmental Factors in Operations Management: The Impact of Air Quality on Product Demand,” Production and Operations Management (2021), 30(9), 2910-2924. (UTD 24, FT 50)

29. Wei Chen, Yixin Lu, Liangfei Qiu, and Subodha Kumar, "Designing Personalized Treatment Plans for Breast Cancer," Information Systems Research (2021), 32(3), 932-949. (UTD 24, FT 50)

• Best Paper Runner Up, Conference on Health IT and Analytics (CHITA), 2020

28. Tao Chen, Hsing Kenneth Cheng, Yong Jin, Shengli Li, and Liangfei Qiu, "Impact of Competition on Innovations of IT Industry: An Empirical Investigation,"  Journal of Management Information Systems (2021), 38(3), 647-666. (FT 50)

27. Young Kwark, Gene Moo Lee, Paul Pavlou, and Liangfei Qiu (all authors contribute equally), "On the Spillover Effects of Online Product Reviews on Purchases: Evidence from Clickstream Data," Information Systems Research (2021), 32(3), 895-913. (UTD 24, FT 50)

26. Liangfei Qiu, Arunima Chhikara, and Asoo Vakharia "Multidimensional Observational Learning in Social Networks: Theory and Experimental Evidence," Information Systems Research (2021), 32(3), 876-894. (UTD 24, FT 50)

• • Media Coverage: Selling through Social Networks: Impact of Social Ties and Product Characteristics (Warrington Newsroom)

25. Chencheng Shi, Ping Hu, Weiguo Fan, and Liangfei Qiu, "How Learning Effects Influence Knowledge Contribution in Online Q&A Community? A Social Cognitive Perspective," Decision Support Systems (2021), 149, 113610. 

24. Michael Rivera, Liangfei Qiu, Subodha Kumar, and Anthony Petrucci "Are Traditional Performance Reviews Outdated? An Empirical Analysis on Continuous, Real-Time Feedback in the Workplace," Information Systems Research (2021), 32(2), 517-540. (UTD 24, FT 50)

• • Media Coverage: New Research Shows Relationships, Favoritism and Gender All Play a Role (INFORMS), After twice being denied tenure, this Naval Academy professor says she is seeking justice (Washington Post)

23. Soohyun Cho, Liangfei Qiu, and Subhajyoti Bandyopadhyay, "Vertical Integration and Zero-Rating Interplay: An Economic Analysis of Ad-Supported and Ad-Free Digital Content," Journal of Management Information Systems (2020), 37(4), 988-1014. (FT 50)

22. Hsing Kenneth Cheng, Weiguo Fan, Peipei Guo, Hailiang Huang and Liangfei Qiu, "Can 'Gold Medal' Online Sellers Earn Gold? The Impact of Reputation Badges on Sales," Journal of Management Information Systems (2020), 37(4), 1099-1127. (FT 50)

• • Media Coverage: Seal of Approval: Study Shows Earning a Trustworthiness Badge Helps Online Sales (Iowa Now)

21. Jingchuan Pu, Yuan Chen, Liangfei Qiu, and Hsing Kenneth Cheng, "Does Identity Disclosure Help or Hurt User Content Generation? Social Presence, Inhibition, and Displacement Effects," Information Systems Research (2020), 31(2), 297-322, Lead Article. (UTD 24, FT 50)

• • Media Coverage: Is user-generated content better off when user identity is revealed? (Warrington Newsroom)

20. Shengli Li, Qiuyue Luo, Liangfei Qiu, and Subhajyoti Bandyopadhyay, "Optimal Pricing Model of Digital Music: Subscription, Ownership or Mixed?" Production and Operations Management (2020), 29(3), 688-704. (UTD 24, FT 50)

19. Sandeep Khurana, Liangfei Qiu, and Subodha Kumar, "When a Doctor Knows, It Shows: An Empirical Analysis of Doctors’ Responses in Q&A Forum of an Online Healthcare Portal," Information Systems Research (2019), 30(3), 872-891. (UTD 24, FT 50)

• • Media Coverage: The Digital Doctor Experience (Fox School News)

18. Sofia Bapna, Mary Benner, and Liangfei Qiu, "Nurturing Online Communities: An Empirical Investigation," MIS Quarterly (2019), 43(2), 425-452. (UTD 24, FT 50)

• • Media Coverage: How Young Companies Can Build Online Communities (Entrepreneur & Innovation Exchange)

17. Naveen Kumar, Deepak Venugopal, Liangfei Qiu, and Subodha Kumar, "Detecting Anomalous Online Reviewers: An Unsupervised Approach Using Mixture Models," Journal of Management Information Systems (2019), 36(4), 1313-1346. (FT 50)

16. Liangfei Qiu, Huaxia Rui, and Andrew Whinston, "Optimal Auction Design for Wi-Fi Procurement," Information Systems Research (2019), 30(1), 1-14, Lead Article. (UTD 24, FT 50)

• • Best Paper Nomination, Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS), 2015

15. Liangfei Qiu, Zhan (Michael) Shi, and Andrew Whinston, "Learning from Your Friends’ Check-Ins: An Empirical Study of Location-Based Social Networks," Information Systems Research (2018), 29(4), 1044-1061. (UTD 24, FT 50)

• • Media Coverage: In Social Media Age, New Products Need New Marketing Ideas (Medium)

14. Naveen Kumar, Liangfei Qiu, and Subodha Kumar, "Exit, Voice, and Response on Digital Platforms: An Empirical Investigation of Online Management Response Strategies," Information Systems Research (2018), 29(4), 849-870. (UTD 24, FT 50)

• • Media Coverage: Is Online Management Responsiveness Good for Business? (Fox School News)

  • Best Paper Nomination, Conference on Information Systems and Technology (CIST), 2017

13. Mahdi Moqri, Xiaowei Mei, Liangfei Qiu, and Subhajyoti Bandyopadhyay, "The Effect of Following on Contributions to Open Source Communities," Journal of Management Information Systems (2018), 35(4), 1188-1217. (FT 50)

12. Naveen Kumar, Deepak Venugopal, Liangfei Qiu, and Subodha Kumar, "Detecting Review Manipulation on Online Platforms with Hierarchical Supervised Learning," Journal of Management Information Systems (2018), 35(1), 350-380. (FT 50)

• • Media Coverage: How to Identify Fake Online Reviewers (Fox School News)

11. Shun-Yang Lee, Liangfei Qiu, and Andrew Whinston, "Sentiment Manipulation in Online Platforms: An Analysis of Movie Tweets," Production and Operations Management (2018), 27(3), 393-416, Lead Article. (UTD 24, FT 50)

• • Media Coverage: Could Bots and Spam Smother the Twitter IPO? (Bloomberg Businessweek); Movie Studios Build Buzz With Fake Film Tweets (UT Research Showcase)

10. Liangfei Qiu, Hsing Kenneth Cheng, and Jingchuan Pu, "Hidden Profiles in Corporate Prediction Markets: The Impact of Public Information Precision and Social Interactions," MIS Quarterly (2017), 41(4), 1249-1273. (UTD 24, FT 50)

9. Liangfei Qiu and Subodha Kumar, "Understanding Voluntary Knowledge Provision and Content Contribution through a Social-Media-Based Prediction Market: A Field Experiment," Information Systems Research (2017), 28(3), 529-546. (UTD 24, FT 50)

• • Selected in the INFORMS Editor’s Cut collection “Wisdom of the Crowd: Crowdsourcing Analytics”

8. Ravi Bapna, Liangfei Qiu, and Sarah Rice, "Repeated Interactions Versus Social Ties: Quantifying the Economic Value of Trust, Forgiveness, and Reputation Using a Field Experiment," MIS Quarterly (2017), 41(3), 841-866. (UTD 24, FT 50)

• • Best Paper Nomination, Conference on Information Systems and Technology (CIST), 2015

  • Media Coverage: Why Negotiators Should Be on Social Networks (INSEAD Knowledge)

7. Liangfei Qiu and Andrew Whinston, "Pricing Strategies under Behavioral Observational Learning in Social Networks," Production and Operations Management (2017), 26(7), 1249-1267, Lead Article. (UTD 24, FT 50)

6. Gene Moo Lee, Liangfei Qiu, and Andrew Whinston, (all authors contribute equally), "A Friend Like Me: Modeling Network Formation in a Location-Based Social Network," Journal of Management Information Systems (2016), 33(4), 1008-1033. (FT 50)

• • Best Paper Nomination, Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS), 2016

5. Soohyun Cho, Liangfei Qiu, and Subhajyoti Bandyopadhyay, "Should Online Content Providers be allowed to Subsidize Content?—An Economic Analysis," Information Systems Research (2016), 27(3), 580-595. (UTD 24, FT 50)

• • Media Coverage: Net neutrality may be at risk when companies like Netflix subsidize your data (The Conversation; Economy Watch; Mashable; UF News); Could free streaming ultimately cost consumers? (The Futurity; ScienceDaily; UF News; UF Warrington Newsroom); Understanding net neutrality: 10 essential reads (The Conversation; Billings Gazette; RawStory; MLive); ISPs May Limit Options in Streaming Battle (Multichannel).

  • Recognized by The Conversation as “Understanding net neutrality: 10 essential reads,” November 21, 2017.

4. Liangfei Qiu, Qian Tang, and Andrew Whinston, "Two Formulas for Success in Social Media: Learning and Network Effects," Journal of Management Information Systems (2015), 32(4), 78-108. (FT 50)

• • Media Coverage: The Economics of Pussy Riots on YouTube (Bloomberg Businessweek), The Secret to YouTube Success (The Alcalde), Interview in Chinese. 

3. Liangfei Qiu, Huaxia Rui, and Andrew Whinston, "Effects of Social Networks on Prediction Markets: Examination in a Controlled Experiment," Journal of Management Information Systems (2014), 30(4), 235-268. (FT 50)

• • Best Paper Nomination, Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS), 2013

2. Liangfei Qiu, Huaxia Rui, and Andrew Whinston, "The Impact of Social Network Structures on Prediction Market Accuracy in the Presence of Insider Information," Journal of Management Information Systems (2014), 31(1), 145-172. (FT 50)

1. Liangfei Qiu, Huaxia Rui, and Andrew Whinston, "Social Network-Embedded Prediction Markets: The Effects of Information Acquisition and Communication on Predictions," Decision Support Systems (2013), 55(4), 978-987. 

• • Media Coverage: Research shows Twitter can help predict business trends (Smart Blogs on Social Media)

Selected Working Papers

Subodha Kumar, Xiaowei Mei, Liangfei Qiu, and Lai Wei, "Push or Pull: A Game-Theoretic Analysis of Reward Tasks with Sponsored Data," Under Review. 

Qian Tang, Tingting Song, Ashish Agarwal, and Liangfei Qiu, "Cross-Platform Interactions: The Effects of Social Sharing on Content Consumption and Evaluation," Under Review. 

Sailendra Mishra, Liangfei Qiu, and Subodha Kumar, "Do the Blockchain’s Scaling Solutions Work? An Empirical Analysis of a Policy Change on Transaction Fees and Delays," Under Review.

Xinyu Zang, Xiang (Shawn) Wan, Naveen Kumar, and Liangfei Qiu, "How Local Competition Reshapes Consumers’ Review Behavior: An Empirical Investigation," Under Review. 

Derck Koolen, Wolfgang Ketter, Liangfei Qiu, and Alok Gupta, "Market Risk and Information Asymmetry in Renewable Power Markets," Under Review.

Qiuju Yin, Lun Li, Liangfei Qiu, and Zhijun Yan, "From Offline to Online: The Value of Doctors’ Online Management Responses in Omni-Channel Healthcare Operations," Under Review.

Michael Rivera, Xue Guo, Guohou Shan, and Liangfei Qiu, "Stimulating Feedback Contributions using Digital Nudges: A Field Experiment on the Real-Time Mobile Feedback Platform," Under Review.

Hongpeng Wang, Qianzhou Du, Liangfei Qiu, and Weiguo Fan, "Is It Always "the Faster the Better?" The Role of a Nudging-Based Function in the Relationship between Product Delivery and Online Sales," Under Review.

Xue Guo, Guohou Shan, Michael Rivera, and Liangfei Qiu, "Improving Response to Digital Nudges: Social Norm Appeals in Real-Time Feedback Applications," Under Review.

Qianqian Liu, Shenyang Jiang, Liangfei Qiu, and Baofeng Huo, "The Environmental Impact of Sharing Economy: Evidence from Dockless Bike Sharing," Under Review.

Zhechao Yang, Liangfei Qiu, and Amy Pan, "Corporate Prediction Markets in Hierarchical Organizations: The Impact of Yes Men," Under Review.

Hongpeng Wang, Qianzhou Du, Liangfei Qiu, Weiguo Fan, and Shixuan Fu, "Effects of The Streaming Service Mix on Live Commerce: How, Why, And When Streamers Channel Traffic From Short Videos to Live Streams," Under Review.

Lin Qiu, Yao Li, and Liangfei Qiu, “From Doorstep to Diet-Related Disease: The Health Impacts of Online Food Delivery Platforms,” Under Review.

Xunyi Wang, Yu-Wei Lin, Wencui Han, and Liangfei Qiu, "When Gig Workers No Longer Gig: The Impact of California Assembly Bill 5 on the Online Labor Market," Under Review.

Guohou Shan and Liangfei Qiu, "Examining Unintended Consequences of Peer Recognition on Users' Fact-checking Contributions on Social Media: Evidence from A Natural Experiment," Under Review.

Hui Yang, Xianghua Lu, and Liangfei Qiu, "Raise the Expectation Bar and Lower the Tolerance? Effects of Being Listed in A Restaurant Guide on Consumers’ Rating Behavior," Under Review.

Qili Wang, Xinzhi Rao, and Liangfei Qiu, "Do Masks Protect Children? School Mask Mandate Ban and Public Health Operations," Under Review. 

Guohou Shan, Jiayuan Tian, and Liangfei Qiu, "Does Digital Mental Healthcare Service Access Affect Care Outcomes? Evidence from a Natural Experiment," Under Review.

Na Zhang, Anand Paul, and Liangfei Qiu, "Sharing Economy Platforms with Reference-Dependent Gig Workers," Under Review.

Menghuan Zhou, Yeming Gong, Liangfei Qiu, and Ajay Kumar, "Economics of Smart Products with Machine Learning," Under Review. 

Liqiang Huang, Wei Miao, Liangfei Qiu, Chuang Tang, and Zhonggen Wei, "Fighting for My Idols: The Value of Gamified Voting System," Under Review.

Wenhui Zhou, Yuanyuan Dang, Mengyu Li, and Liangfei Qiu, "Unlocking the Cross-Regional Medical Direct Settlement System: The Role of IT in Healthcare Disparities," Under Review.

Zhechao Yang, Qili Wang, Liangfei Qiu, and Hsing Kenneth Cheng, "Identifying Purchase-Evoking Social Media Posts: A Theory-Driven Deep Multimodal Learning Framework," Under Review. 

Yi Su, Kaiyu Zhang, Qili Wang, and Liangfei Qiu (all authors contribute equally), "Generative AI and Human Knowledge Sharing: Evidence from A Natural Experiment," Under review.

Guohou Shan and Liangfei Qiu, "Balancing Acts: Unveiling the Dynamics of Post Removal on Social Media User-Generated Content," Under Review.

Ruiqi Liu, Qian Wang, Yong Jin, Yang Duan, and Liangfei Qiu, "Can You Have Your Cake and Eat It too? A Tale of Information Security and Operational Efficiency," Under Review. 

Hui Yang, Qili Wang, Xianghua Lu, and Liangfei Qiu, "Routine or Exploration? How Personalization Opt-Out Affects Consumers’ Variety-Seeking Behaviors," Under Review.

Mengyi Zhu, Yuan Sun, and Liangfei Qiu, "Cultivating Team Agility: Impact of Enterprise Social Media," Under Review.

Zhechao Yang, Qili Wang, and Liangfei Qiu, "Interlopers or Catalysts? Dissecting the Impact of Incorporating AI Players on Multiplayer Online Games," Under Review. 

Jiayuan Tian, Guohou Shan, and Liangfei Qiu, "Pleasure or Peril? The Rise of Online Sports Gambling and Its Mental Health Impact," Under Review.

Youhyun Lee, Hsing Kenneth Cheng, and Liangfei Qiu, "Navigating Compatibility Decisions for Innovative Products in Duopolistic Competition: Assessing the Influence of Network Effects," Under Review.

Shu He, Kaiyu Zhang, Cuihong Li, Xusen Cheng, and Liangfei Qiu "Navigating Online Competition: Impacts of Competitors’ Entry on Online Grocery Stores," Under Review.

Yi Su, Qili Wang, Liangfei Qiu, and Runyu Chen, "Navigating the Sea of Reviews: Unveiling the Effects of Introducing AI-Generated Summaries in E-Commerce," Under Review.

Guohou Shan, Shizhen Jia, Liangfei Qiu, and Yunfei Wang, "Generative AI vs. Human Reviews: Unveiling the Impact on Online Platforms," Under Review.

Hui Yuan, Jingzhi Zhang, Wei Xu, and Liangfei Qiu "Visual Dynamics and Information Overload in Crowdfunding: Unraveling the Impact of Videos on Funding Success," Under Review.

Hua Cheng and Liangfei Qiu, "Cultural Imprint on ESG: Political Leaders’ Early-life Religion Exposure and Corporate Sustainable Operations," Under Review.

Yu-Wei Lin, Wencui Han, Xunyi Wang, and Liangfei Qiu, "Unintended Effects of Anti-Harassment Laws on Female Workers – Evidence From the Gig Economy," Under Review.

Zike Cao, Yingpeng Zhu, and Liangfei Qiu, "Effects of Automated AI Moderation on User Content Contribution: A Natural Experiment in an Online Knowledge-Sharing Community," Under Review.

Jiayuan Tian, Min Chen, and Liangfei Qiu, "How Does Ride-Hailing Congestion Pricing Shape Digital Access and Transportation Equity? Evidence from a Natural Experiment in Chicago," Under Review.

Yinghao Pan, Jie Wu, Ying Ji, and Liangfei Qiu, "Reviving Inactive Users with Online Coupons: Insights from a Field Experiment," Under Review.

Hengyun Li, Jie Mu, Jian Xu, Xiaowei Mei, and Liangfei Qiu, "When Words Meet Images: Enhancing Online Review Sentiment Prediction Using a Cross-Modal Interactive Learning Network," Under Review.

Jingyan Dai, Qili Wang, Shu He, and Liangfei Qiu, " Policing the Platform: Uncovering the Impact of Police Involvement in Online Platforms on Users’ Voluntary Contributions," Under Review. 

• • INFORMS eBusiness Section Best Paper Runner-up Award, 2025

Yingpeng Zhu, Zike Cao, Gen Li, Yi Yang, and Liangfei Qiu, "Multi-Self Presentation and Knowledge Contribution in Platform Operations: Evidence from a Natural Experiment," Under Review.

Yinghao Pan, Ying Ji, Kai-Lung Hui, Jie Wu, and Liangfei Qiu, "Rethinking Anchoring: A Randomized Field Experiment on Digital Uncertainty Promotions," Under Review.

Jiayuan Tian, Yuan Sun, and Liangfei Qiu, "Live-Streaming vs. Traditional E-Commerce: Unveiling the Sales and Product Return Advantages of Brand Live Streaming," Under Review.

Mingyang Chen, Ziwei Yuan, Yeming Gong, Liangfei Qiu, and Ajay Kumar, "Token or Taken: An Economic Analysis of Optimal Business Models on On-Demand Service Platforms under Network Effects," Under Review. 

Mariia Petryk and Liangfei Qiu, "NFT or Not to NFT: In Search of a Better E-Commerce Model in Digital Markets," Under Review. 

Kaiyu Zhang, Qili Wang, Runyu Chen, and Liangfei Qiu, "Influencer Trading and Market Dynamics: Evidence from the NFT Market," Under Review.

Atiya Avery, Yi Su, and Liangfei Qiu, "Bridging the Divide, Widening the Risk: Broadband Access, Digital Equity, and the Fight Against Internet-Based Crimes," Under Review.

Jingyan Dai, Subodha Kumar, Liangfei Qiu, Arun Sen, and Atish Sinha, "Unveiling the Impact of Meaningful Use of Electronic Health Records: Navigating the Path to Efficiency and Patient Engagement in Healthcare Operations," Under Review.

Jie Wu, Yinghao Pan, Ying Ji, and Liangfei Qiu, "Interest-Free Coupons on Digital Lending Platforms: Boon or Bane? Evidence from a Randomized Field Experiment," Under Review.

Hongli Ye, Lingyao Li, Songhua Hu, and Liangfei Qiu, "Digital Insights into Geographic Community Disparities: Analyzing Online Customer Reviews in Franchised Fast-Food Chains," Under Review.

Jiayuan Tian, Vincent Zhao, Yuan Sun, and Liangfei Qiu, "AI-Powered vs. Manual Advertising: A Field Experiment in E-Commerce," Under Review.

Refereed Conference Papers

Sailendra Mishra, Liangfei Qiu, and Subodha Kumar, "Do the Bitcoin’s Scaling Solutions Work? An Empirical Analysis of a Policy Change on Transaction Fees and Delays," Workshop on Information Systems and Economics (WISE), December 2020. 

Qili Wang, Liangfei Qiu, and Wei Xu, "Informal Payments and Doctor Engagement in Online Health Community: An Empirical Investigation Using Generalized Synthetic Control," Conference on Information Systems and Technology (CIST), November 2020.

Qian Tang, Tingting Song, Liangfei Qiu, and Ashish Agarwal, "Online Content Consumption: Social Endorsements, Observational Learning and Word-of-Mouth." International Conference on Information Systems (ICIS), Munich, Germany, December 2019.

Yinan Yu, Liangfei Qiu, Hailiang Chen, and Benjamin Yen, "Product Fit Uncertainty and Interplay between Traditional Advertising and Social Media Marketing." Conference on Information Systems and Technology (CIST), Seattle, WA, October 2019.

Xunyi Wang, Meiling Jiang, Wencui Han, and Liangfei Qiu, "Do Emotions Sell? Affectivity, Culture, and Commoditization in Sharing Economy." Conference on Information Systems and Technology (CIST), Seattle, WA, October 2019.

Mariia Petryk, Liangfei Qiu, and Praveen Pathak, "The Impact of Open Source Community on Cryptocurrency Market Price: An Empirical Investigation." Conference on Information Systems and Technology (CIST), Seattle, WA, October 2019.

Yang Pan and Liangfei Qiu, "Is Uber Helping or Hurting Mass Transit? An Empirical Investigation," International Conference on Information Systems (ICIS), San Francisco, CA, December 2018.

Xiaowei Mei, Hsing Kenneth Cheng, Subhajyoti Bandyopadhyay, Liangfei Qiu, and Lai Wei, "Sponsored Data: Smarter Data Pricing in the Age of Data Cap," Workshop on Information Technologies and Systems (WITS), Santa Clara, CA, December 2018.

Yang Pan and Liangfei Qiu, "Is Uber Helping or Hurting Mass Transit? An Empirical Investigation," Conference on Information Systems and Technology (CIST), Phoenix, AZ, November 2018.

Jingchuan Pu, Yuan Chen, Liangfei Qiu, and Hsing Kenneth Cheng, "Does Identity Disclosure Help or Hurt User Content Generation? Social Presence, Inhibition and Displacement Effects," Conference on Information Systems and Technology (CIST), Phoenix, AZ, November 2018.

Ramah Al Balawi, Yuheng Hu, and Liangfei Qiu, "Brand Crisis and Customer Relationship Management on Social Media: Evidence from a Natural Experiment from Airline Industry," Conference on Information Systems and Technology (CIST), Phoenix, AZ, November 2018.

Qian Tang and Liangfei Qiu, "Content Diffusion and Cross-platform Content Sharing in Social Media," Workshop on Information Technologies and Systems (WITS), Seoul, South Korea, December 2017.

Yinan Yu, Liangfei Qiu, and Hailiang Chen, "The Causal Impact of Social Media Marketing on Box Office Revenues," Workshop on e-Business (WeB), Seoul, South Korea, December 2017.

Liangfei Qiu, Chong (Alex) Wang, and Jia Jia, "Sponsored Data Services and Consumer Welfare on Mobile Broadband," International Conference on Information Systems (ICIS), Seoul, South Korea, December 2017.

Derck Koolen, Liangfei Qiu, Wolfgang Ketter, and Alok Gupta, "The Sustainability Tipping Point in Electricity Markets," International Conference on Information Systems (ICIS), Seoul, South Korea, December 2017.

Naveen Kumar, Liangfei Qiu, and Subodha Kumar, "Exit, Voice, and Response on Digital Platforms: An Empirical Investigation of Online Management Response Strategies," Conference on Information Systems and Technology (CIST), Houston, TX, October 2017.

Liangfei Qiu, Huaxia Rui, and Andrew Whinston, "Optimal Auction Design for WiFi Procurement," Conference on Information Systems and Technology (CIST), Houston, TX, October 2017.

Liangfei Qiu, Huaxia Rui, and Andrew Whinston, "Optimal Auction Design for WiFi Procurement," China Summer Workshop on Information Management (CSWIM), Nanjing, China, June 2017.

Xiaowei Mei, Hsing Kenneth Cheng, Subhajyoti Bandyopadhyay, and Liangfei Qiu, "Sponsored Data: Smarter Data Pricing in the Age of Data Cap," Workshop on e-Business (WeB), Dublin, Ireland, December 2016. 

Young Kwark, Gene Moo Lee, Paul Pavlou, and Liangfei Qiu, "Analyzing the Spillover Roles of User-Generated Reviews on Purchases: Evidence from Clickstream Data," International Conference on Information Systems (ICIS), Dublin, Ireland, December 2016.

Gene Moo Lee, Liangfei Qiu, and Andrew Whinston, "Strategic Network Formation in a Location-Based Social Network: A Topic Modeling Approach." The 49th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS), Kauai, HI, January 2016 (Nominated for Best Paper Award). 

Soohyun Cho, Liangfei Qiu, and Subhajyoti Bandyopadhyay, "New Marketing Platforms for Credit Card Companies: A Comparison of Social Network Promotions and Targeted Promotions." Workshop on Information Technologies and Systems (WITS), Dallas, TX, December 2015.

Liangfei Qiu and Subodha Kumar, "Understanding Voluntary Knowledge Provision and Content Contribution through a Social Media-Based Prediction Market: A Field Experiment," Workshop on Information Technologies and Systems (WITS), Dallas, TX, December 2015.

Mahdi Moqri, Liangfei Qiu, Subhajyoti Bandyopadhyay, and Ira Horowitz, "The Effect of  Following on Contributions to Open Source Communities." International Conference on Information Systems (ICIS), Fort Worth, TX, December 2015. 

Ravi Bapna, Liangfei Qiu, and Sarah Rice, "Repeated Interactions vs. Social Ties: Quantifying the Economic Value of Trust, Forgiveness, and Reputation Using a Field Experiment." Conference on Information Systems and Technology (CIST), Philadelphia, PA, October 2015 (Nominated for Best Paper Award).

Liangfei Qiu, Zhan Shi, and Andrew Whinston, "Learning from Your Friends’ Check-Ins: An Empirical Study of Location-Based Social Networks," Conference on Information Systems and Technology (CIST), Philadelphia, PA, October 2015.

Liangfei Qiu, Huaxia Rui, and Andrew Whinston, "When Cellular Capacity Meets WiFi Hotspots: A Smart Auction System for Mobile Data Offloading" The 48th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS), Maui, HI, January 2015 (Nominated for Best Paper Award). 

Shun-Yang Lee, Liangfei Qiu, and Andrew Whinston, "The Perils of Online Manipulation," The 48th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS), Maui, HI, January 2015.

Gene Moo Lee, Liangfei Qiu, and Andrew Whinston, "Strategic Network Formation in a Location-Based Social Network: A Topic Modeling Approach." Workshop on Information Technologies and Systems (WITS), Auckland, New Zealand, December 2014.

Shun-Yang Lee, Liangfei Qiu, and Andrew Whinston, "Manipulation: Online Platforms’ Inescapable Fate," International Conference on Information Systems (ICIS), Auckland, New Zealand, December 2014. 

Liangfei Qiu, Huaxia Rui, and Andrew Whinston, "Hotspot Economics: Procurement of Third-Party WiFi Capacity for Mobile Data Offloading," International Conference on Information Systems (ICIS), Milan, Italy, December 2013. 

Liangfei Qiu, Huaxia Rui, and Andrew Whinston, "Information Exchange in Prediction Markets: Do Social Networks Promote Forecast Efficiency?" The 46th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS), Maui, HI, January 2013 (Nominated for Best Paper Award). 

Liangfei Qiu, Huaxia Rui, and Andrew Whinston, "Information Exchange in Prediction Markets: How Social Networks Promote Forecast Efficiency," International Conference on Information Systems (ICIS), Orlando, FL, December 2012.

Liangfei Qiu and Andrew Whinston, "Naive Herding in Location-Based Networks: Induced Social Learning and Optimal Dynamic Pricing," Conference on Information Systems and Technology (CIST), Phoenix, AZ, October 2012.

Liangfei Qiu, Huaxia Rui, and Andrew Whinston, "A Twitter-Based Prediction Market: Social Network Approach," International Conference on Information Systems (ICIS), Shanghai, China, December 2011; International Conference on Theory and Applications of Social Networks, Austin, TX, June 2011; and SXSW 2011, Austin, TX, March 2011.

Other Conference Papers

Naveen Kumar, Liangfei Qiu, and Subodha Kumar, "Exit, Voice, and Response on Digital Platforms: An Empirical Investigation of Online Management Response Strategies," invited presentation at POMS Annual Conference, Houston, TX, May 2018.

Sandeep Khurana, Liangfei Qiu, and Subodha Kumar, "When a Doctor Knows, It Shows: An Empirical Analysis of Doctors’ Responses in Q&A Forum of an Online Healthcare Portal," invited presentation at POMS Annual Conference, Seattle, WA, May 2017.    

Tingting Nian, Liangfei Qiu, Jingchuan Pu, and Hsing Kenneth Cheng, "Manipulation for Competition: Pricing Models in the Presence of Promotional Reviews," invited presentation at POMS Annual Conference, Seattle, WA, May 2017.   

Derck Koolen, Liangfei Qiu, Wolfgang Ketter, and Alok Gupta, "Market Efficiency and Design in Electricity Markets integrating Renewable Energy: Theory and Simulation," Winter Conference on Business Intelligence, Snowbird, Utah, March 2017.

Young Kwark, Gene Moo Lee, Paul Pavlou, and Liangfei Qiu, "Analyzing the Spillover Roles of User-Generated Reviews on Purchases: Evidence from Clickstream Data," Wharton Customer Analytics Initiative Symposium, Philadelphia, PA, July 2016.

Qian Tang and Liangfei Qiu, "Understanding Cross-Platform User Behavior and Its Impacts on Content Diffusion in Social Media," Symposium on Statistical Challenges in eCommerce Research (SCECR), Naxos, Greece, June 2016.

Yinan Yu, Hailiang Chen, and Liangfei Qiu, "Interplay between Social Media and Traditional Media: A Study in the Motion Picture Industry," China Summer Workshop on Information Management (CSWIM 2016), Dalian, China, June 2016.

Derck Koolen, Ronald Huisman, Wolfgang Ketter, and Liangfei Qiu, "Risk and Decision Making for Electricity Forward Markets with Volatile Resources," Energy & Commodity Finance Conference (ECOMFIN), Paris, France, June 2016.

Liangfei Qiu, Hsing Kenneth Cheng, and Jingchuan Pu, "Hidden Profiles in Corporate Prediction Markets: The Impacts of Public Information Precision and Social Interactions," invited presentation at POMS Annual Conference, Orlando, FL, May 2016.    

Liangfei Qiu, Zhan Shi, and Andrew Whinston, "Learning from Your Friends’ Check-Ins: An Empirical Study of Location-Based Social Networks," invited presentation at POMS Annual Conference, Orlando, FL, May 2016.

Derck Koolen, Liangfei Qiu, and Wolfgang Ketter, "The Role of Information Transparency on Decision Making in Electricity Wholesale Markets," invited presentation at POMS Annual Conference, Orlando, FL, May 2016.

Young Kwark, Gene Moo Lee, Paul Pavlou, and Liangfei Qiu, "Analyzing the Spillover Roles of User-Generated Reviews on Purchases: Evidence from Clickstream Data," POMS Annual Conference, Orlando, FL, May 2016.

Ravi Bapna, Liangfei Qiu, and Sarah Rice, "Repeated Interactions vs. Social Ties: Quantifying the Economic Value of Trust, Forgiveness, and Reputation Using a Field Experiment," Symposium on the Sharing Economy, Minneapolis, MN, May 2016.

Ravi Bapna, Liangfei Qiu, and Sarah Rice, "Repeated Interactions vs. Social Ties: Quantifying the Economic Value of Trust, Forgiveness, and Reputation Using a Field Experiment," Winter Conference on Business Intelligence, Snowbird, Utah, March 2016.

Young Kwark, Gene Moo Lee, Paul Pavlou, and Liangfei Qiu, "Analyzing the Spillover Roles of User-Generated Reviews on Purchases: Evidence from Clickstream Data," Winter Conference on Business Intelligence, Snowbird, Utah, March 2016.

Derck Koolen, Liangfei Qiu, and Wolfgang Ketter, "Decision Making Under Information Revelation Policies in Electricity Markets," Winter Conference on Business Intelligence, Snowbird, Utah, March 2016.

Liangfei Qiu, Zhan Shi, and Andrew Whinston, "Learning from Your Friends’ Check-Ins: An Empirical Study of Location-Based Social Networks," invited presentation at  INFORMS Annual Meeting, Philadelphia, PA, October 2015.

Ravi Bapna, Liangfei Qiu, and Sarah Rice, "Repeated Interactions vs. Social Ties: Quantifying the Economic Value of Trust, Forgiveness, and Reputation Using a Field Experiment," NBER Summer Institute, Economics of IT and Digitization Workshop, Cambridge, MA, July 2015. 

Liangfei Qiu, Huaxia Rui, and Andrew Whinston, "Sharing Economics: Procuring Third-Party WiFi Capacity for Mobile Data Offloading," Platform Strategy Research Symposium, Boston, MA, July 2015. 

Liangfei Qiu, Huaxia Rui, and Andrew Whinston, "Hotspot Economics: Procurement of Third-Party WiFi Capacity for Mobile Data Offloading," invited presentation at POMS 26th Annual Conference, Washington D.C., May 2015. 

Gene Moo Lee, Liangfei Qiu, and Andrew Whinston, "Strategic Network Formation in a Location-Based Social Network: A Topic Modeling Approach." Workshop on Information Systems and Economics (WISE), Auckland, New Zealand, December 2014.

Shun-Yang Lee, Liangfei Qiu, and Andrew Whinston, "Sentiment Manipulation: Evidence from the Movie Industry," Workshop on e-Business (WeB), Auckland, New Zealand, December 2014. 

Liangfei Qiu, Huaxia Rui, and Andrew Whinston, "Examining the Effect of Social Network on Prediction Markets through a Controlled Experiment," American Economic Association Annual Meeting, Philadelphia, PA, January 2014.

Liangfei Qiu, Qian Tang, and Andrew Whinston, "Two Formulas for Success in Social Media: Social Learning and Network Effects," Workshop on Information Systems and Economics (WISE), Milan, Italy, December 2013. 

Ravi Bapna, Liangfei Qiu, and Sarah Rice, "Repeated Interactions vs. Social Ties: Quantifying the Economic Value of Trust, Forgiveness, and Reputation Using a Field Experiment on Facebook," Workshop on Information Systems and Economics (WISE), Milan, Italy, December 2013. 

Liangfei Qiu, Huaxia Rui, and Andrew Whinston, "Examining the Effect of Social Network on Prediction Markets through a Controlled Experiment," Econometric Society North American Summer Meeting, Los Angeles, CA, June 2013.

Liangfei Qiu, Huaxia Rui, and Andrew Whinston, "Examining the Effect of Social Network on Prediction Markets through a Controlled Experiment," Midwest Economic Theory Conference, East Lansing, MI, April 2013.

Liangfei Qiu, Huaxia Rui, and Andrew Whinston, "Information Exchange in Prediction Markets: How Social Networks Promote Forecast Efficiency," invited presentation at INFORMS Annual Meeting, Phoenix, AZ, October 2012.

Liangfei Qiu, "Information Acquisition and Exchange in Social Networks," Econometric Society North American Summer Meeting, St. Louis, MO, June 2011.

Ho-Mou Wu and Liangfei Qiu, "Higher Order Beliefs and Asset Market Dynamics," Econometric Society World Congress, Shanghai, China, August 2010.