2 - CYGWIN

Introduction

Remember:
- the first rule of a readme is to always check the on-line version for updates.
- the second rule is to read the ENTIRE readme/instructions BEFORE taking ANY other action!
I use a stand-alone version of the Xming X-Windows Server not the Cygwin XWin X-Windows server.
See page 6 - Xming for instructions on installing it on a Microsoft Windows PC.
The Cygwin X-Windows server will be installed in the following process.

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Install Base Cygwin packages

In MS-Windows: create the folder: c:\cygwin_source
go to site: http://x.cygwin.com/
under the heading:
- Downloading and Installing
  - select "setup-x86.exe" for 32-bit system install

select "setup-x86_64.exe" for a 64-bit system install (Windows 7 or later)

and save setup.exe to you Downloads folder.

go to your Downloads folder
run setup.exe
- when prompted:

select "Install from Internet"

when prompted:
- set the "Root Directory" to: c:\cygwin or c:\cygwin64
- set "Install For" to "All Users"
when prompted:
- set the "Local Package Directory" to: c:\cygwin_source or c:\cygwin64_source
when prompted:
- pick the download site that you want to use as the source for the code.

At this point you do NOT have to select any packages to install.
You want to use the defaults, so just click "next" on each screen.
Select "finish" on the last screen :)
when prompted:
- add the CYGWIN icons to your desktop and start menu
Go to your Downloads folder and move the setup-x86.exe (or setup-x86_64.exe) to the c:\cygwin_source (c:\cygwin64_source) folder
- ===> If all you want is a basic CYGWIN install then skip ahead to step: "Verify Cygwin install". <===

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Install more "Base" packages

run setup.exe again and select the following packages:
- expand each package category by clicking on "+",
  - then for each program (gvim, nedit, vim):

Note: Choosing one option may automatically choose other options:

example: selecting gvim will force vim to be selected.

Note: Some of the packages listed below may already be installed,

depending on the current Cygwin setup.exe configuration.

Editors:
- gvim
- nedit
Net:
- openssh
- openssl
Shells:
- bash
- mksh: ksh shell
System:
- util-linux
Text:
- less
Utils:
- bzip2
- cygutils-extra
- diffutils
- time
- ncurses (for "clear" screen command)

For X11, ensure the following have been installed.
- It will say "keep" for each package that has been installed.
- If it says "skip" or "default", select it until it reads "install".

X11- ensure the following have been installed.

X-start-menu-icons:...

cygwin-x-doc: Cygwin/X...

xterm: X11 terminal emulator

Again, if all you want is a basic CYGWIN install with a few extras go to step "Verify Cygwin install", else continue.

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Install optional packages

After installing the above you may install the optional packages below.
- use setup.exe again if you wish to install any of these packages.
- Note: Some of the packages listed below may already be installed, depending on the current Cygwin setup.exe configuration.
- Archive
  - unzip
  - zip
- Devel
  - binutils
  - ddd (gui interface to gdb debugger)
  - gcc-core: C compiler
  - gcc-g++ C++ compiler
  - dbg: The GNU debugger
- Doc
  - cygwin-doc
  - texinfo
- Editors
  - hexedit
- Interpreters
  - perl
- Net
  - curl
  - ping
  - stunnel
- Tcl
  - expect

NOTE: You may have to do the install process 2 or 3 times to get all of the packages installed.

For a basic CYGWIN install finish step "Verify Cygwin install" and then you'll be done.

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Verify Cygwin install

Repeat step "Install more "Base" packages" and check that each of the above options say"Keep" in place of "Install" or "Default"
For each item that says "Default", click until it is set to "Install"
If all items show "Keep" then you can "Cancel" the install.
- Last time, for a basic CYGWIN install you are done, else continue on to step "Use ksh instead of bash".

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Use ksh instead of bash

Skip this if you want to use the default bash shell
Note: ksh is needed for the routines in the supplied tar file.
copy

cygwin.bat

c:\cygwin\bin

# cygwin.bat is used to start the k shell (ksh) instead of bash shell.

Enable default shell: ksh
- cd to c:\cygwin\etc
- make a backup copy of the file: passwd (copy passwd to passwd.old)
- edit the file: passwd
- the line should be the entry for your network userid and will look something like:
  - pschladt:unused_by_nt/2000/xp:370:105:pschladt,mycorp\pschladt,S-1-245-319-270:/home/pschladt:/bin/bash
- change the end of the line from "bash" to "ksh" so that it looks like:
  - pschladt:unused_by_nt/2000/xp:370:105:pschladt,mycorp\pschladt,S-1-245-319-270:/home/pschladt:/bin/ksh
- save and exit
Verify the ksh setup
- run cygwin.bat
  - verify your home directory name/location (use command: pwd)
  - it is usually something like: /home/<your network id>
note: expand this note: modify .bashrc to start ksh - needed for screen command
note: add notes on running ssh-host-config and ssh-user-config then PuTTY session can be used from Windows to Cygwin and ssh to local host will also work

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Tailor Cygwin Setup

make directories /olb (formally /opt/local/bin)
- In Cygwin, use the command: mkdir -p /olb/
- or in Windows make folders: c:\cygwin\olb
copy: olb.new.20140722.212131.tar

to the /olb directory (NOTE: more updates loaded on 2014-07-31, see readme.ksh file that is in the tar)

start Cygwin via the "Cygwin Terminal" icon that was installed on your desktop and go to: /olb directory
"install" the tar file:
enter command:
- >tar -xvf olb.new.20140722.212131.tar
Tailor startup .profile
enter commands:
- >cp .profile "$HOME"
- >cp .myprof "$HOME"
- >cp .myprof2 "$HOME"
- >cp .myoptions "$HOME"
- >cp .exrc "$HOME"
- >cp .vimrc "$HOME"
- >cp .myps1 "$HOME"
- >cp .med "$HOME"
Test the profile changes
enter commands:
- >cd
- >. ./.profile
exit / close cygwin

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Test and Final Tailoring

run the windows shortcut for "Xming" to start X-Window services (if not already running)
run the windows shortcut for "Cygwin" to start a Cygwin session
enter command: emyprof2
- find the string: USERNAME2
- change the value assigned to USERNAME2 to the UNIX/Linux/AIX user-id that you prefer to use
  - when connecting to a remote AIX/LINUX/UNIX system
- find the line: alias -x debian='ssx debian'
- change "debian" to a host that you want to connect to via xterm and ssh
- add more lines like this for each host that you want to connect to.
- save and exit
source .profile (enter command:>. ~/.profile)
enter command: xterm
- If all is well this starts an xterm screen session on the current Cygwin host.
- Now you can also enter debian or whatever you created, to connect to other hosts.
you may set up RSA and/or DSA and/or ECDSA keys for ssh so that you will not be prompted for passwords.
- For Cygwin ssh key setup see the Cygwin ssh page
- For PuTTY ssh key setup see the PuTTY page
Now Cygwin and XWindows (via Xming) and ssh should be installed, personalized, and working.

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A1 - CYGWIN Updates

To get updates of the CYGWIN packages that are installed, run the setup.exe program again:
c:\cygwin_source\setup.exe from MS-WINDOWS explorer.

select "Install from the Internet"
I use the download site: ftp.gtlib.gatech.edu or http://www.gtlib.gatech.edu for the mid-Atlantic eastern U.S.
leave the install options set to "Default".

Any new/updated packages will be downloaded and installed.

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A2 - True X-Mouse

To get a better mouse and copy/paste experience in X-Windows you can use True X-Mouse
- download a copy of TXMouse.exe from http://fy.chalmers.se/~appro/nt/TXMouse/
- save it in directory: C:\cygwin_source
create a short-cut for c:\cygwin_source\TXMouse.exe on your desktop or in your startup folder
start TXMouse
To get help for TXMouse:
- right click on the red X in your running icon tray
- then click "About True X-Mouse..."
- then click on the link " http://fy.chalmers.se/~appro/nt/TXMouse/"
To stop TXMouse (if the need arises):
- right click on the red X in your running icon tray
- then click "Stop True X-Mouse"

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B1 - How to use what's been installed

Desktop Icon What is Does

Xming Starts the Xming XWindows Server. Puts a Xming icon in the Program tray.

CYGWIN This starts the Cygwin Linux system and opens a standard Cygwin console.

The console will be XWindows capable if the XWindows server is running.

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B2 - Installed Commands and Aliases

Note: Use the command: alias | more to review the list of new/expanded/extended commands that are available

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B3 - A partial list of files in the olb.new.20140722.212131.tar file

readme.ksh file of updates:

readme.ksh

Note: The "tools" in the olb tar file are designed to run in Cygwin, AIX, SUN Solaris, HP-UX, and Linux environments in a Korn shell (ksh).

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