武聖關羽

關羽(?-220年),字雲長,本字長生,司隸河東解人(今山西省運城市),約生於東漢桓帝延熹年間,東漢末年三國時期劉備的重要將領。赤壁之戰後,劉備助東吳周瑜(175-210年)攻打南郡曹仁,遣關羽絕北道,阻擋曹操援軍,曹仁退走後,關羽被劉備任命為襄陽太守(208年)。後來劉備入益州,關羽留守荆州。於建安二十四年(219年),關羽圍襄樊二城,曹操派於禁前来增援,關羽於禁前来增援,斬殺龐德(?219年),威震華夏,曹操嚇得都想遷都以避其銳。後派徐晃前来增援,而東吳的吕蒙又偷襲荆州,關羽腹背受敵,兵敗被殺。

關羽最為特殊之處是其倍受中華文化歷代推崇,由於其忠義勇武的形象,多被民眾尊稱為關公、關二爺、關老爺,又多次被後代帝王褒封,直至武聖,與“文聖”孔子齊名道教尊為協天大帝、伏魔大帝、翔漢天尊等,中國佛教界奉其為護法神之一,稱為“伽藍菩薩”。民間由於《三國演義》等傳統作品的影響,普遍認為關羽與劉備、張飛義結金蘭關羽排行第二,故又俗稱其為關二爺、關二哥,尊其為蜀國“五虎上将”之首。

War Saint Guan Yu

Guan Yu (? - 220 years), the courtesy name Yun Chang, former name Chang Sheng, of Si Li He Dong Jie (now Yun Cheng City, Shanxi Province), was born around the year of Emperor Huan Di Yan Xi of the Eastern Han Dynasty , an important general of Liu Bei in the late Three Kingdoms period of the Eastern Han Dynasty. After the Battle of Chibi, Liu Bei assisted Zhou Yu of Eastern Wu in attacking Cao Ren in the southern county, sent Guan Yu to the north, and blocked Cao Cao's reinforcements. After Cao Ren retreated, Guan Yu was appointed as the Prefect of Xiang Yang by Liu Bei. Later, Liu Bei entered Yi Zhou, and Guan Yu remained in the province of Jing Zhou. In Jian An twenty-four years, Guan Yu surrounded the second City of Xiang Fan. Cao Cao sent reinforcements to the stop. Guan Yu captured and beheaded Pang De. Later Xu Huang sent reinforcements and Lu Meng of Eastern Wu attacked Jing Zhou again, Guan Yu was attacked by the enemy and he was defeated and executed.

The most special thing about Guan Yu is that it is highly respected by all generations of Chinese culture. Because of his loyal and courageous image, he was often hailed as Guan Gong, Guan Second Lord, and Guan Lord by the public. He was later called Wu Sheng (Martial God) a title equally famous as "Wen Sheng" (Literary God) of Confucius. Taoist princes are Heavenly Emperor, Fumo the Great Emperor, Yihan Tianzun, etc. The Chinese Buddhist community regards it as one of the protector gods, known as "Galan Bodhisattva". Due to the influence of traditional works such as "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms", Guan Yu generally believed that Guan Yu and Liu Bei and Zhang Fei formed a brotherhood, and Guan Yu ranked second. He was the head of the Five Tigers General of Shu Country.