The Delhi Sultanate represents a prime example of an Islamic state on the outside of the Caliphate system. Essentially, a Sultanate (ruled by a sultan) is a place where the Sultan claims to rule the territory, but not the Islamic Faith (think of Kings vs. Popes in Europe). The Delhi Sultanate is actually 5 different kingdoms. However, it does carry some weight in AP World History as they came into contact with some of India's greatest invaders (Mongols, Tamerlane, Mughals).
1. Silk Road
2. Sultanate
3. Calicut
4. Mahmud of Ghazni
5. Xuanzang
6. Tamerlane
7. Ibn Battuta
8. Sikhism
9. Guru Nanak
10. Al Biruni
LINKS BACK TO THE OTHER POST-CLASSICAL EMPIRES/CIVILIZATIONS: