Electrical/Electronics Equipment
Piezoelectric Material Characterization and Testing
Piezoelectric Material
Electrode Paste
The Silver and Palladium (Ag-Pd) paste is used for electrodes in piezo ceramics. Addition of Pd to Ag increases the melting point and allows it to be co-fired at higher temperatures. Due to, their high cost, cheaper electrode materials e.g. Cu, Ni, etc. are under study. After application the paste is annealed in air at high temperature to remove the binder and provide bonding to the ceramic surface. This bonding between the electrode and ceramic plays a very crucial role, as the columbic interaction between the electrode and dielectric material modifies the barrier height at the interface, which determines the transport of electrons injected during the poling process. [ref]
Piezoelectric Material Manufacturing Equipment
Piezoelectric Materials Manufacturing Process
Step A— Batch Weighting
Step B — Milling Homogenization
Step C— Calcination
Stage 1: Begins the decomposition of the starting materials (carbonates, oxalates, nitrates).
Stage 2: Lead oxide reacts with titanium dioxide.
Stage 3: The composition of the desired compound is initiated; the zirconium dioxide is reacted with the mixture obtained in the previous step.
Stage 4: Homogenization of the reaction.
The selection of the reactants, grinding time and calcinations regimes is sustained on the experience obtained by previous studies . To confirm that occurred the formation reaction of the PZT system completely without the presence of other phases, is carried out X-ray diffraction on the calcined material.
The Tape Casting Process
Step 1 — Slurry Preparation
• Powder milling & mixing
Step-2 — Tape Casting
• Green Sheet manufacturing using tape-casting method
Step 3 — Screen Printing, Stacking and Pressing
• Ag-Pd or Pt inner electrodes printing on green sheets
• Layers stacking
• Green sheet Laminating by isostatic pressing ow WIP
Step 4 — Cutting and Green Shaping
• Automated or Manual cutting of green sheets or bars
• Flexible contours by milling, drilling or punching
Step 5 — Binder Burnout
•The sintering process is divided into two regions. The first region (and the most critical during heating) is between 60° C and 350° C . In this region, the moisture and the binder are volatilized and extracted. Before starting densification, it is necessary to remove the binder, which has fulfilled its function in the compaction process, as well as the residual moisture contained in the compacted ceramics; this operation must be carried out very slowly, to avoid cracks and pores that decrease the density of the ceramic body. For simple shapes of shaped parts a heating of approximately 10° C/min can be performed, being tolerated without structural difficulties.
Step 6 — Sintering
• In the second region from 350° C to the sintering temperature, the reaction of the raw material residues that have not yet done so in the calcination step occurs, and then the densification process begins.
Step 7 — Layer Interconnection / outer electrodes printing on sintered materials
• Via holes
• Termination screen printing or sputtering
• Soldering of the contact strip
Step 8 — Poling
• Poling at room temperature using polarization machine
Step 9 — Measurement
Step 10 — Assembly and Final Inspection
• Assembly according to customer requirements
Simulation Software
Electronics Hardware Kits
Piezoelectric Energy Harvester Modules
Free Online Tools
EndNote (엔드노트) Library
The EndNote library is developed for "Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting" and "Step-down Piezoelectric Transformer" by Dr. Hamid Jabbar. EndNote licensed is acquired by the Hanyang University. EndNote library can be shared for research collaboration. Anyone who has EndNote X7 can share a library regardless of where he is.
To share a library on your computer, you need to