Forqan فرقان means Criterion. In other words,
The understanding and reasoning in the Quran, which is given by Allah himself, to whom he sees worthy of receiving.There is a misconception amongst most people and muslims that if we read and analyze the Quran we can interpret what Allah is trying to say.
There are lots of people with masters and Phd in Islam and religion from various institutes and universities, but Allah gives his knowledge to whom he wills, even if you are unlettered, thru his own method:
Quran Ayas:
يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِن تَتَّقُوا اللَّهَ يَجْعَل لَّكُمْ فُرْقَانًا وَيُكَفِّرْ عَنكُمْ سَيِّئَاتِكُمْ وَيَغْفِرْ لَكُمْ ۗ وَاللَّهُ ذُو الْفَضْلِ الْعَظِيمِ
O you who believe! If you remain ***conscious of Allah, He will give you a criterion***, and will remit from you your sins, and will forgive you. God is possessor of infinite grace (8:29)
الَّذِينَ يَتَّبِعُونَ الرَّسُولَ النَّبِيَّ الْأُمِّيَّ الَّذِي يَجِدُونَهُ مَكْتُوبًا عِندَهُمْ فِي التَّوْرَاةِ وَالْإِنجِيلِ يَأْمُرُهُم بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَيَنْهَاهُمْ عَنِ الْمُنكَرِ وَيُحِلُّ لَهُمُ الطَّيِّبَاتِ وَيُحَرِّمُ عَلَيْهِمُ الْخَبَائِثَ وَيَضَعُ عَنْهُمْ إِصْرَهُمْ وَالْأَغْلَالَ الَّتِي كَانَتْ عَلَيْهِمْ فَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا بِهِ وَعَزَّرُوهُ وَنَصَرُوهُ وَاتَّبَعُوا النُّورَ الَّذِي أُنزِلَ مَعَهُ أُولَٰئِكَ هُمُ الْمُفْلِحُونَ
Those who follow the Messenger, ***the Unlettered Prophet,*** whom they find mentioned in the Torah and the Gospel in their possession. He directs them to righteousness, and deters them from evil, and allows for them all good things, and prohibits for them wickedness, and unloads the burdens and the shackles that are upon them. Those who believe in him, and respect him, and support him, ***and follow the light that came down with him***—these are the successful. (7:157)
هُوَ الَّذِي أَنزَلَ عَلَيْكَ الْكِتَابَ مِنْهُ آيَاتٌ مُّحْكَمَاتٌ هُنَّ أُمُّ الْكِتَابِ وَأُخَرُ مُتَشَابِهَاتٌ فَأَمَّا الَّذِينَ فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ زَيْغٌ فَيَتَّبِعُونَ مَا تَشَابَهَ مِنْهُ ابْتِغَاءَ الْفِتْنَةِ وَابْتِغَاءَ تَأْوِيلِهِ وَمَا يَعْلَمُ تَأْوِيلَهُ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَالرَّاسِخُونَ فِي الْعِلْمِ يَقُولُونَ آمَنَّا بِهِ كُلٌّ مِّنْ عِندِ رَبِّنَا وَمَا يَذَّكَّرُ إِلَّا أُولُو الْأَلْبَابِ
It is He who revealed to you the Book. Some of its verses are definitive; they are the foundation of the Book, and others are unspecific. ***As for those in whose hearts is deviation, they follow the unspecific part, seeking descent, and seeking to derive an interpretation***. But none knows its interpretation except God and those ***firmly rooted in knowledge*** say, “We believe in it; all is from our Lord.” But none ***recollects except those with understanding***. (3: 7)
Hadith
Imam Jafar al-Sadiq (as) said:
'O Aba Abdellah (Nick name of Unwaan Basri)! Knowledge is not about studying much; rather it is a*** light***, placed within the mind of someone whom Allah (SWT) wills to guide. Thus if you seek knowledge, you must first be a true servant and receive it by practicing what you learn. ***And ask Allah (SWT) for understanding so that you can comprehend***.
Imam Ali :
- 'Ask in order to understand, and do not ask in order to find fault, for surely the ignorant man who wants to learn resembles a man of knowledge, and surely a man of knowledge who wants to be difficult resembles an ignorant man who wants to find fault. '
-The man of knowledge is the one who recognizes that what is known is very little compared to what is not known, and as a result he considers himself ignorant, and accordingly he increases his efforts to know more by going out in search of knowledge.
Hence , if we reseach to seek self truth, instead of The Truth from Allah, we cannot be successful.
Forqan which is the understanding of Quran, is given by Allah, at the stages of *** Taqwa ***:
ذَٰلِكَ الْكِتَابُ لَا رَيْبَ فِيهِ هُدًى لِّلْمُتَّقِينَ
This is the Book in which there is no doubt, ***a guide for the Motaqi/God conscious***. (2: 2)
Therefore if you have not reached a certain stage, you should ask people who are:
هُدًى وَذِكْرَىٰ لِأُولِي الْأَلْبَابِ
A guide and a reminder for those ***endowed with understanding/reason***. (40: 54)
أَرْسَلْنَا قَبْلَكَ إِلَّا رِجَالًا نُّوحِي إِلَيْهِمْ ۖ فَاسْأَلُوا أَهْلَ الذِّكْرِ إِن كُنتُمْ لَا تَعْلَمُونَ
We did not send before you except men, whom We inspired. Ask the * People of the Reminder, if you do not know. (21:7)
* The people of the Reminder ( Ahle Zekr): Are those people who a deeply and truly perfom the Zekr of Allah, and are given Knowledge from Allah, as by repeating the Rememberence they are trying to show Allah that they want to recollect and remember the state of knowledge they had with Allah, so Insha Allah, Allah will Remind them of the Knowledge himself.
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