8.2 Properties of Acids and Base

Syllabus

What does this mean?

General Equations

You should also know (or learn) the following:

ACID + BASE/ALKALI → SALT + WATER

ACID + CARBONATE/HYDROGENCARBONATE → SALT + WATER + CO₂

ACID + METAL → SALT + HYDROGEN

You should also recognise that Metal Oxides are Bases, and Metal Hydroxides are Alkalis.

In addition, you should know that un-reactive metals (like Copper, Silver Gold etc) do not react with Dilute Acids

Exercise

Complete word-equations for the following;

1. Sodium + Hydrochloric acid →

2. Sodium Oxide + Nitric acid →

3. Calcium Carbonate + Sulphuric acid →

4. Magnesium Oxide + Hydrochloric acid →

5. Lithium Hydrogencarbonate + Nitric acid →

6. Potassium + Nitric acid →

7. Calcium + Sulphuric acid →

Chemical equations.

You need to know the formulae of the following:

Why are Hydrochloric, Nitric & Ethanoic acid monoprotic while

Sulphuric is diprotic & Phosphoric triprotic?

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So long as you know that Hydroxide ions are OH^- , Oxide ions are O^2- , Carbonate is CO₃^2- and Hydrogencarbonate is HCO₃^- then you should be able to work out the formulae of species that react with Acids.

So long as you know that Sulphate ions are SO₄^2- , Phosphate ions are PO₄^3- , Nitrate is NO₃^- and Ethanoate is CH₃COO^- then you should be able to work out the formulae of salts that form from with Acids.

Writing Chemical Equations.

Write balanced chemical equations for the following reactions:

a) Iron (II)Carbonate + Sulphuric Acid

b) Sodium + Nitric Acid

c) Lithium + Hydrochloric Acid

d) Potassium Carbonate + Sulphuric Acid

e) Copper (II) Carbonate + Nitric Acid

f) Sodium Hydrogencarbonate + Hydrochloric Acid

g) Lithium + Phosphoric Acid

h) Magnesium + Nitric Acid

i) Magnesium + Ethanoic Acid

j) Barium Hydroxide + Hydrochloric Acid

k) Barium Oxide + Phosphoric Acid

l) Aluminium Hydroxide + Nitric Acid

m) Aluminium Oxide + Phosphoric Acid