Grants and Contracts

Grants as PI:

• Faculty Research Grant, California State University. Discourse representation and memory, 1977, $430.

• National Institute of Mental Health. The memory and representation of prose passages, 1978, $5,300.

• Faculty Research Grant, California State University. Memory representations of sentences acquired in versus out of a spatial context, 1979, $500.

• National Institute of Mental Health. Memory for schema-relevant and irrelevant information, 1979–1981, $135,000.

• Hughes Aircraft Corporation. An analysis of conceptual errors of first-time users of computer text editors, 1982, $1500.

• Faculty Research Grant, California State University. Analysis and simulation of question answering, 1983, $470.

• Hughes Aircraft Corporation. Developing a prototype expert system for clinical diagnosis, 1985, $1,200.

• Singer Corporation. An operator task analysis for a communication control system, 1985, $11,800.

• General Motors Corporation. Quantification of driver information handling activities, 1987, $11,430.

• Office of Naval Research. Investigations of human question answering, 1987–1989, $211,498.

• General Motors Corporation. A human factors tool for the prediction of driver performance with hand controls, 1988–1989, $56,000.

• Office of Naval Research. Questioning mechanisms during complex learning, 1990–1992, $252,360.

• Office of Naval Research. Questioning mechanisms during tutoring, conversation, and human-computer interaction, 1992–1994, $97,000.

• National Institute of Aging. Generating causal antecedent and consequence inferences while comprehending scientific text, 1994, $3,000.

• University of Memphis. Theory based revision of questions on questionnaires, 1994, $3,000.

• Office of Naval Research. Predicting information needed prior to request with cognitive models of the user’s task knowledge, 1995–1996, $92,879.

• National Science Foundation, Simulating tutors with natural dialog and pedagogical strategies, 1997–2001, $900,000.

• United States Bureau of Census, QUEST questionnaire evaluation tool, 1998–1999, $58,512.

• Office of Naval Research. Question-driven explanatory reasoning about devices that malfunction, 1998–2000, $135,312.

• Institute for Defense Analysis and ONR NAWCTSD. A web site on institutional review boards and the ethical use of human subjects, 2000–2001, $950,000 ($750,000 through Thoughtware Corporation and $200,000 through U. of Memphis).

• National Science Foundation, Developing and testing a computer tool that critiques survey questions, 2000–2002, $205,990.

• Office of Naval Research, Why2000: A tutor that teaches mental models using natural language dialogs, 2000–2005, $1,168,700 (other PI is Kurt VanLehn at University of Pittsburgh). Plus $90,175 for graduate student fellowship.

• Office of Naval Research. Eye tracking while answering questions in electronic multimedia environments, 2001–2002, $120,000.

• National Science Foundation. Developing AutoTutor for computer literacy and physics, 2001–2005, $1,274,075.

• National Science Foundation. Understanding in science, 2002–2005, $296,902 (PI on subcontract from University of Illinois at Chicago, with Jennifer Wiley as PI).

• National Science Foundation. Monitoring emotions while students learn with AutoTutor, 2003–2009, $1,250,000 (PI, with a subcontract given to MIT).

• Northern Illinois University. AutoTutor for critical thinking, 2005–2006, $80,000.

• Department of Defense Counterintelligence Field Activity. Computer-based text analysis across cultures: Viewing language samples through English and Arabic Eyes, 2007–2008, $67,990 (PI on subcontract from University of Texas at Austin, with James Pennebaker as PI).

• Institute of Education Sciences. Acquiring research investigative and evaluative skills (ARIES) for scientific inquiry, 2007–2011, $640,000 (PI on subcontract from Northern Illinois University, with Keith Millis as PI, amount is Memphis allocation).

• Office of Naval Research. Automated performance assessment for after-action review with individuals and teams, 2008–2010, $335,000 (PI on subcontract from Sandia Labs, with Chris Forsythe as PI).

• Sandia Labs. Robust automated knowledge capture, 2008–2009, $45,000 (PI on contract).

• Department of Defense Counterintelligence Field Activity. Behavioral assessments based on automated text analysis, 2008–2009, $100,000 (PI on subcontract from University of Texas at Austin, with James Pennebaker as PI).

• American Psychological Association. Editing of Journal of Educational Psychology, 2008–2013, $400,000.

• FedEx Institute of Technology. AutoCommunicator, 2008–2009, $80,000 (Xiangen Hu is also PI).

• National Science Foundation. AutoMentor: Virtual Mentoring and Assessment in Computer Games for Stem Learning, 2009–2015, $742,428 (PI on subcontract from University of Wisconsin, with David Shaffer as PI, amount is Memphis allocation).

• National Science Foundation. Modeling discourse and social dynamics in authoritarian regimes, 2009-2013, $582,000  (PI on grant, with collaborators Cornell University and University of Texas that have separate budgets).

• National Science Foundation. Inducing, tracking, and regulating confusion and cognitive disequilibrium during complex learning, 2009-2013, $420,000.

• National Science Foundation. Beyond boredom:  Modeling and promoting engagement during complex learning, 2011-2015, $301,864 (PI on subcontract from Notre Dame University, with Sidney D’Mello as PI).

• Institute of Education Sciences. Developing instructional approaches suited to the cognitive and motivational needs of struggling adult learners, 2012–2019, $2,600,000 (PI on subcontract from Georgia State University, with Daphne Greenberg as PI, amount is Memphis allocation).

• Office of Naval Research. Personalized Assistant for Learning 3, 2014-2018, $683,000 (PI on subcontract from University of Southern California, with Bill Swartout as PI, amount is Memphis allocation).

• Office of Naval Research. Integration of intelligent tutoring systems for electronics, 2015-2018, $3,800,000  (PI on grant, with 5 other universities as collaborators).

• National Science Foundation. Developing and testing the Internship-inator, a virtual internship in STEM authorware (VISA) System, 2014-2018, $1,000,000 (PI on subcontract from University of Wisconsin Madison, with David Shaffer as PI, amount is Memphis allocation).  

Grants as coPI or Senior researcher

• • IBM. Intelligent computer assisted instruction for introductory psychology, 1983–1984, $50,000 (with John Black at Yale University as PI).

  • Office of Naval Research. Intelligent distribution agents, 1998–2002, $1,500,000 (Stan Franklin is PI).

  • National Institutes of Health. Smoking cessation in the elderly, 1998–2004, $2,100,000 (Bob Klesges is PI).

  • National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Decreasing weight gain in African American preadolescent girls, 1999–2004, $4,501,168 (Bob Klesges is PI).

  • Institute of Education Sciences. Coh-Metrix: Automated cohesion and coherence scores to predict text readability and facilitate comprehension, 2002–2006, $1425,000 (Danielle McNamara is PI).

  • National Science Foundation (co-PI). Tracking multimodal communication in humans and agents, 2004–2008, $699,949 (Max Louwerse is PI).

  • Institute of Education Sciences. iSTART: Interactive Strategy Training for Active Reading and Thinking, 2004–2008, $1,800,000 (Danielle McNamara is PI).

  • National Science Foundation (co-PI). Symbols, embodiment, and meaning: A workshop, 2005–2006, $26,183 (Arthur Glenberg is PI at University of Wisconsin, Madison).

  • Institute of Education Sciences. An implementation of vicarious learning with deep-level reasoning questions in middle school and high school classrooms, 2005–2009, $1,050,000 (Barry Gholson is PI).

  • Office of Naval Research (Senior Researcher). Analyses of expert human tutors, 2005–2008, $445,674 (Natalie Person is PI).

  • National Science Foundation (co-PI). Effectiveness of pedagogical agents in regulating students’ understanding of science, 2006–2009, $904,581 (Roger Azevedo is PI).

  • National Science Foundation (co-PI). Student funding for Artificial Intelligence in Education Conference, 2007, $25,000 (Roger Azevedo is PI).

  • National Science Foundation (co-PI). Student funding for Artificial Intelligence in Education Conference, 2009, $20,000 (Roger Azevedo is PI).

  • National Science Foundation (co-PI). Workshop on the question generation shared task and evaluation challenge, 2008–2009, $25,345 (Vasile Rus is PI).

  • Office of Naval Research. Automated performance assessment for after-action review with individuals and teams, 2008–2010, $335,000 (PI on subcontract from Sandia Labs, with Chris Forsythe as PI).

  • National Science Foundation (Senior Researcher). Learning reading strategies for science texts in a gaming environment: iSTART versus iTaG, 2008–2010, $370,000 (Danielle McNamara is PI).

  • Institute of Education Sciences (co-PI). The Writing Pal: An intelligent tutoring system that provides interactive writing strategy training, 2008–2011, $2,015,456 (Danielle McNamara is PI).

  • Institute of Education Sciences (co-PI). Guru: A computer tutor that models expert human tutors, 2008–2011, $1,858,176 (Andrew Olney is PI).

  • Institute of Education Sciences (co-PI). Applications of Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS) in Improving the Skill Levels of Students with Deficiencies in Mathematics, 2009–2014, $2,322,310 (Xiangen Hu is PI).

  • Institute of Education Sciences (co-PI). DeepTutor: An Intelligent Tutoring System Based on Deep Language and Discourse Processing and Advanced Tutoring Strategies, 2010–2013, $1,650,272  (Vasile Rus is PI).

  • Gates Foundation (coPI).  Race to the Text: The Text Genome Competition, 2010-2011, $252,268 (Danielle McNamara is PI).

  • Office of Naval Research (co-PI). STEM grand challenge—Adaptive generalizable intelligent tutors for STEM and Naval training and education, 2012-2014, $1,477,402  (Xiangen Hu is PI).

  • Army Research Laboratories. Generalized Intelligent Framework for Tutors (GIFT), 2012-2022. $3,000,000 (Xiangen Hu is PI).

  • Institute of Education Sciences (co-PI). CLASS 5.0: The development of innovative software for automating the analysis of classroom discourse.  2013–2016, $624,186  (Subcontract from University of Wisconsin, with Martin Nystrand as PI, amount is Memphis allocation with Andrew Olney being PI on the subcontract).

  • Office of Naval Research (co-PI). Political crisis and language: A computational assessment of social disequilibrium and security threats, 2014-2020, $1,285,656 (Leah Windsor is PI).

  • National Science Foundation (co-PI). CIF-21 DIBBS: Building a scalable infrastructure for data-driven discovery and innovation in education. 2015-2019, $750,000 (Subcontract from Carnegie Mellon University, with Ken Koedinger as PI, amount is Memphis allocation with Phil Pavlik being PI on subcontract).

  • National Science Foundation (senior researcher).  The Learner Data Institute: Harnessing the data revolution to make the learning ecosystem more effective, efficient, and engaging. 2020-2021, $2,600,000 (Vasile Rus is PI). 

  • Institute of Education Sciences (co-PI).  Developing a technology-based, reading comprehension instruction system for adult literacy students. 2020-2024, $1,500,000 (John Sabatini is PI). 

  • American Institutes of Research (Senior Researcher).  Integration of Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS) into best-in-class sectoral training programs, 2022-2023, $143,000 (Xiangen Hu is PI).