Color Space Papers
These are two papers that I wrote a few years ago. The first goes into the mathematics of color spaces as used by ICC profiles, and color conversion between color spaces. Although they are largely written from the point of view of color conversion on monitors, for display purposes, all the maths are exactly the same as for cameras. The second paper shows how the shape of the CIE color space can be modeled in three dimensions.
These two documents were originally created in MathCad, which is mathematical modeling package from PTC. It allows the document to contain live mathematical equations, so that you can check that your maths actually works, and foots to real answers.
Both of these papers are either available in Adobe PDF form, or as MathCad documents. The MathCad documents are live, so allow real calculations to be made. However, they require that you have MathCad.
The mathematics of color spaces:
The mathematical modeling of the CIE color space: