Table of Recommendations for Disinfectant Wipes for Ultrasound Devices: Disinfectant Wipes
Great article on Transducer Movement Terminology by Bahner DP et al. J Ultrasound Med 2016;34:183-188
Divides body/structure into left and right
Divides body/structure into top (superior/cranial/cephalad) and bottom (inferior/caudal)
Divides body/structure into front (anterior/ventral) and back (posterior/dorsal)
Anechoic refers to the absence of sound reflection and appears black on the screen.
Hypoechoic is a relative term. For object A to be hypoechoic relative to object B means that object A is “darker” than object B. However, it is also often used as a stand-alone term as well to indicate something as dark, but not black.
Hyperechoic may be a relative term. For object A to be hyperechoic relative object B means that object A is “whiter” or brighter than object B. As a stand-alone term, hyperechoic is used to indicate white (or bright) appearance, which is synonymous with echogenic.
Isoechoic refers to two structures of similar brightness or echogenicity.
The image on the left is that of a transverse view of the right upper quadrant. The liver capsule is seen as a hyperechoic or echogenic (white) line surrounding the liver. The gallbladder is the anechoic (black) structure seen on screen right. The kidney is either isoechoic (similar echogenicity) or possibly hypoechoic (darker) compared to the liver, as it contains a number of hypoechoic (dark) or anechoic (black) medullary pyramids. The renal hilum, on the other hand, is echogenic, or hyperechoic relative to the rest of the kidney.
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