Theorizing Exercise

Start with an observed correlation or relationship between variables (you do not have to prove they are correlated -- just assume it).

Now, using the methods and criteria of Lave and March (1975), generate a good theory. Show that it is generative by drawing some interesting, testable, implications from it.

Now develop an equally good alternative theory that explains the original observation. Draw testable implications from that as well.

Finally, design a study (a set of critical observations) that will enable you to test the two theories and rule one of them out. In other words, create a table like the one Lave and March do:

Note that no matter how the data come out, one or more of the theories will be contradicted, because no two theories has the same pattern of predictions. Note also that if the answer to every question is "yes", then all of the theories will be contradicted, and we may have to reconsider the dumbest theory: that athletes are dumb.

Note also that Lave and March choose a silly example to illustrate theorizing; that doesn't mean you have to do the same. Pick something meaningful.