Background

Fossil fuels are used to power aircraft on Earth.

Human burning of fossil fuels are the primary source of greenhouse gases that contribute to global warming and climate change.

Source: https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/global-greenhouse-gas-emissions-data

Source: https://www.theguardian.com/environment/live/2018/oct/08/ipcc-climate-change-report-urgent-action-fossil-fuels-live

Source: https://climate.nasa.gov/causes/

Fossil fuel use will be reduced to zero by 2050 in order to reduce the effects of global warming and climate change.

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fossil_fuel_phase-out

Fossil fuels will also be restricted in use due to environment, resource and energy depletion up to 2050.

Electric flying vehicles are needed to maintain our societies transport requirements.

The energy required to create an electric light aircraft and an electric passenger aircraft can be calculated .

Allowances

Allowing for an aircraft of the size of a Cessna 172 Skyhawk

Allowing for an aircraft of the size of an Airbus 380.

Allowing a Cessna Skyhawk 172 to weigh approx. 757 kg.

Source: Google Search

Allowing for a Cessna Skyhawk 172 to have fuel weight of approx. 144 kg

Source: https://cessna.txtav.com/en/piston/cessna-skyhawk

Allowing an Airbus 380 to weigh approx. 562,000 kg.

Source: rnairliners.com/airbus-a380/airbus-a380-specs/

Allowing for an Airbus 380 to have a fuel weight of approx. 254,760 kg

Source: https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-fuel-capacity-of-an-Airbus-A380

Allowing for a Cessna 172 Skyhawk to have a range of 1185 km. At a maximum cruise speed of approx. 230km/h. This would allow a range of approx. 5 hours.

Source: https://cessna.txtav.com/en/piston/cessna-Skyhawk

Allowing for an Airbus 380 could have a range of 15,200 km. At a maximum cruise speed of approx. 903 km/h. This would allow a range of approx. 16 hours.

Source: Google Search

Allowing for 20% to 45% of the mass of current aircraft to be fossil fuel.

Allowing the same mass for batteries.

Allowing for 0.340 kw/kg for lithium ion batteries.

Allowing 278 wh/kg storage energy for a complete flight.

Electric Cruising Flight.

An electric light aircraft of the size of a Cessna 172 Skyhawk would need 100 kg of batteries to maintain enough energy for cruising flight. At a maximum cruise speed of approx. 230 km/h.

Source: Are Electric Planes Possible?. Real Engineering https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VNvzZfsC13o

An electric passenger aircraft of the size of an Airbus 380 would need 31,000 kg of batteries to maintain enough energy for cruising flight.

Source: Are Electric Planes Possible?. Real Engineering https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VNvzZfsC13o

Electric Range of Flight.

An electric light aircraft of the size of a Cessna 172 Skyhawk with 500 kg of batteries; two thirds of the plane weight without fuel; would have a range of 2 hours.

Source: Are Electric Planes Possible?. Real Engineering https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VNvzZfsC13o

An electric passenger aircraft of the size of an Airbus 380 with 26,000 kg of batteries; 4 times the weight of the empty airplane; would have a range of 20 minutes.

Source: Are Electric Planes Possible?. Real Engineering https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VNvzZfsC13o

Increase the mass of the plane by a factor of approx. 2 increases the battery need by a factor of approx. 8.

Source: Are Electric Planes Possible?. Real Engineering https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VNvzZfsC13o

Conclusions

The end of fossil fuel use means the end of long range flight for goods or passengers.

Flying will be restricted to non-passenger aircraft or drones.

Range for passenger and or goods transport will be restricted to 1 hour; flight time.

This ends mass global airborne transport.

Aircraft Pre Fossil Fuel Phase Out

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Aircraft Support Equipment Pre Fossil Fuel Phase Out

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Aircraft Drone Post Fossil Fuel Phase Out

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Aircraft Drone Taxi Post Fossil Fuel Phase Out

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Aircraft Drone Support Equipment Post Fossil Fuel Phase Out

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