Friction Welding

We have been working since 1993 on a series of research projects on friction welding to produce metal joints. Friction welding is a family of process which are solid state welding technologies, in contrast to the more widespread technologies such as Tungsten Inert Gas and Submerged Arc welding where components are melted locally. It uses frictional heat for joining materials together through an intimate contact of a plasticised interface which is generated by this heat.

Friction welded joints are characterised by fewer metallurgical problems than fusion welding, lower residual stresses and can join materials or dissimilar material combinations which are impossible to weld by conventional fusion techniques. These processes are used in the automotive, aerospace industry among others. 

In particular, Linear Friction Welding is being used successfully since 1990s in aerospace industry applications to attach titanium alloy blades to disks and the subsequent repair of aero engines. Its success lies on its ability to join metal alloys, like those of titanium and nickel superalloys, that cannot be welded with conventional fusion welding techniques. The use of such alloys allowed the production of more powerful aircraft engines both in military and commercial aircraft.

In addition, Friction Stir Welding has been used extensively since its invention in the 1990s to join aluminium sheets structures in the automotive and marine engineering industry. Its success lies on its ability to join aluminium sheets of various thicknesses economically and reliably.

Our work focuses on the experimental and theoretical research on friction welding, and in particular on linear friction welding and friction stir welding. During the course of these years we have formed strong links with research groups who are active in the research of friction welding technologies. These groups are from the University of Palermo and University of Naples "Federico II" in Italy, and the Northwestern Polytechnical University in P.R. China. 

Our research efforts to date have produced a number of scientific papers on these solid state joining techniques, out of which are four of the five most referenced papers in the "linear friction welding" category in Scopus (6/2023).

• Vairis, A., Frost, M., “High frequency linear friction welding of a titanium alloy”, Wear, 1998 vol.217, no.1, pp.117-131.

• Vairis, A., Frost, M., “On the extrusion stage of linear friction welding of Ti 6Al 4V”, Materials Science and Engineering: A, 1999, vol.271, pp.477-484. 

• Vairis, A., Frost, M., “Modelling the linear friction welding of titanium blocks”, Materials Science and Engineering: A, 2000, vol.292, pp.8-17.

• Li, W., Vairis; A., Preuss; M., Ma, T., “Linear and Rotary Friction Welding review”, International Materials Reviews, 2015, no.2, pp. 71-100. 

See article on LinkedIn on the linear and rotary friction welding processes. 

In detail,

Review Journal papers on Friction Welding

• Li, W., Vairis; A., Preuss; M., Ma, T., “Linear and Rotary Friction Welding review”, International Materials Reviews, 2015, vol.61, no.2, pp. 71-100 .

• McAndrew, A., Colegrove, P.A., Buhr, C., Flipo, B., Vairis, A., "A literature review of Ti6Al4V linear friction welding", Progress in Materials Science, doi:10.1016/j.pmatsci.2017.10.003

• Li, W., Guo, J., Ma, T., Vairis, A., “Numerical Modeling of Linear Friction Welding: A literature review”, China Welding, 2014, vol.23, no.4, pp.1-7. 

• Patel, V., Li, W.Y., Wang, G., Wang, F., Vairis, A., Niu, P., “Friction Stir Welding of Dissimilar Aluminum Alloy Combinations: State-of-the-Art”, Metals, vol.9, art.270, 2019, doi:10.3390/met9030270.

• Vairis, A., “Linear friction welded titanium alloy joints: a brief review of microstructure evolution and mechanical properties”, Welding International, 2022. DOI: 10.1080/09507116.2022.2149366 (Q4) 

Journal papers on Friction Welding

• Vairis, A., Frost, M., “High frequency linear friction welding of a titanium alloy”, Wear, 1998 vol.217, no.1, pp.117-131. 

• Vairis, A., Frost, M., “On the extrusion stage of linear friction welding of Ti 6Al 4V”, Materials Science and Engineering: A, 1999, vol.271, pp.477-484. 

• Vairis, A., Frost, M., “Modelling the linear friction welding of titanium blocks”, Materials Science and Engineering: A, 2000, vol.292, pp.8-17. 

• Vairis, A., Frost, M., “Design and commissioning of a friction welding machine”, Journal of Materials and Manufacturing Processes, 2006, vol.21, no.8, pp. 766-773. 

• Vairis, A., Christakis, N., “The development of a continuum framework for friction welding processes with the aid of micro-mechanical parameterisations”, International Journal of Modelling, Identification and Control, 2007, vol.2, no.4. pp.347-356. 

• Vairis, A., “Superplasticity Effects and Strain Rate Dependency in a Material Joining Process”, Journal of Engineering Science and Technology Review, 2008, vol.1, pp.28-32. 

• Vairis, A., Petousis, M., “Designing experiments to study welding processes: using the Taguchi method”, Journal of Engineering Science and Technology Review, 2009, vol.2, no.1, pp.99-103.

• Li, W.Y., Shi, S.X., Wang, F.F., Ma, T.J, Li, J.L., Gao, D.L., Vairis, A., “Heat Reflux in Flash and Its Effect on Joint Temperature History during Linear Friction Welding of Steel”, International Journal of Thermal Sciences, 2013, vol.67, pp.192-199. 

• Yamileva, A.M. Medvedev, A.Yu. Nasibullayev, I.Sh., Selivanov, A.S.. Gazizov, R.K , Vairis., A., “A two-parameter 2D-model of the elastic stage of linear friction welding using ANSYS Mechanical finite element analysis programme”, Journal of Engineering Science and Technology Review, 2012, vol.5, no.3, pp.6-9. 

• Vairis, A., “Mathematical modelling of the linear friction welding process”, Journal of Engineering Science and Technology Review, 2012, vol.5, no.3, pp.25-31. 

• Medvedev, A., Vairis, A., Nikiforov, R., Supov., A., “Energy balance of the linear friction welding process”, Journal of Engineering Science and Technology Review, 2012, vol.5, no.3, pp.20-24. 

• Yamileva, A.M., Medvedev, A.Yu, Nasibullayev, I. Sh. Alexandrov, I.V., Vairis, Α., «Construction of two-dimensional model of a linear friction welding process including forging stage», Vestnik USATU. Ufa, Russia, 2012. vol.16, No 7 (52). pp..117-121. (In Russian). 

• Chukalova, A.O., Yamileva, A.M., Nasibullayev, I.Sh., Vairis, A., “The influence of the material parameters varying on dynamics of linear friction welding process”, Vestnik USATU. Ufa, Russia, 2012. vol.16, No 7 (52). pp.128-132. (In Russian) 

• Fang, F., Li, W.Y., Li, J.L., Vairis, A., “Process parameter analysis of inertia friction welding nickel-based superalloy”, International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 2014, vol.71, pp.1909-1918. 

• Li, W.Y., Wang, F.F., Shi, S.X., Ma, T.J, Li, J.L., Vairis, A., “3D Finite Element Analysis of the Effect of Process Parameters on Linear Friction Welding of Mild Steel”, Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, 2014, vol.23, pp.4010-4018. 

• Buffa, G., Cammalleri, M., Campanella, D., Fratini, L., Vairis, A., “Effective Linear Friction Welding Machine Redesign through Process Analysis”, Key Engineering Materials 2014, vol. 622-623, pp.484-491. 

• Li, Vairis, A., Ward, R.M., “Advances in friction welding”, Advances in Materials Science and Engineering, 2014, vol.2014, art.no. 204515. 

• Li, Υ., Guo, J., Yang, X., Ma, T., Vairis, A., “The effect of micro-swinging on joint formation in linear friction welding”, Journal of Engineering Science and Technology Review, 2014, vol.7, no.5, pp.55-58 

• Zhang, Z., Li; W., Li; J., Chao; Y.J., Vairis, A., “Microstructure and anisotropic mechanical behavior of friction stir welded AA2024 alloy sheets”, Materials Characterization, 2015, vol.107, pp.112-118.

• Nikiforov, R., Medvedev, A., Tarasenko, E., Vairis, A., “Numerical simulation of residual stresses in linear friction welded joints”, Journal of Engineering Science and Technology Review, 2015, vol.8, no.6, pp.49-53.

• Yamileva, A., Gazizov, R.K., Vairis., A., “Computer modelling of the effect of clamping in linear friction welding”, Journal of Engineering Science and Technology Review, 2015, vol.8, no.6, pp.65-68

• Bikmeyev, A.T., Gazizov, R.K., Yamileva, A., Vairis., A., Zheleznov, F.O., “On the visualization of joint formation during linear friction welding”, Journal of Engineering Science and Technology Review, 2015, vol.8, no.6, pp.68-72

• Fu, Y., Li, W., Yang, X., Ma, T., Vairis, A., “The effects of forging pressure and temperature field on residual stresses in linear friction welded Ti6Al4V joints”,Advances in Manufacturing,2016, DOI 10.1007/s40436-016-0161-6

• Wang, X.Y., Li, W., Ma, T., Vairis, A., “Characterisation studies of linear friction welded titanium joints”, Materials and Design, 2017, vol.116, pp.115-126.

• Ma, T.J.,Li, Y.G.,Li, W.Y.,Zhang,Y., Shi, D.G.,Vairis, A., “Studies of the interfacial structure of a linear friction welded Fe/Ni joint: First principles calculation and TEM validation”, Materials Characterization,2017

• Niu,P., Li, W.Y., Yang, X., Vairis,A., “Effects of microstructural asymmetries across friction-stir-welded AA2024 joints on mechanical properties”, Science and Technology of Welding and Joining, 2017, DOI:10.1080/13621718.2017.1328765.

• Li,W.Y., Li, N., Yang, X.W., Feng, Y., Vairis,A., “Impact of cold spraying on microstructure and mechanical properties of optimized friction stir welded AA2024-T3 joint”, Materials Science and Engineering, 2017, DOI:10.1016/j.msea.2017.07.003.

• Li, N., W.Y. Li, X.W. Yang, Y. Feng, A. Vairis, "An investigation into the mechanism for enhanced mechanical properties in friction stir welded AA2024-T3 joints coated with cold spraying", Applied Surface Science (2018), doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2018.01.049visu

• Chu, Q., Li, W.Y., Yang, X.W., Shen, J.J., Vairis, A., Feng, W.Y., Wang, W.B.,"Microstructure and mechanical optimization of probeless friction stir spot welded joint of an Al-Li alloy", Journal of Materials Science and Technology (2018)

• Ma, TJ, Tang, LF, Li, WY, Zhang, Y, Xiao, Y, Vairis, A, "Linear friction welding of a solid-solution strengthened Ni-based superalloy: Microstructure evolution and mechanical properties studies", Journal of Manufacturing Processes , vol.34, pp. 442-450

• Yang, K., Li, W., Yang, X., Xu, Y., Vairis, A., ""Effect of heat treatment on the inherent anisotropy of cold sprayed copper deposits", Surface & Coatings Technology, vol.350m pp.519-530.

• Chu, Q., Yang, X.W., Li, W.Y.,Zhang, Y., Lu, T., Vairis, A., Wang, W.B., "On visualizing material flow and precipitate evolution during probeless friction stir spot welding of an Al-Li alloy, Materials Characterization , 2018, vol.144, pp. 336-344

• Su, Y., Li, W.Y., Wang, X., Ma, T., Yang, X., Vairis, A., "On microstructure and property differences in a linear friction welded near-alpha titanium alloy joint”, Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 2018, vol.36, pp.255-263. (IF: 2.809)

• Chu, Q., Yang, X.Y., Li, W.Y., Wang, Vairis, A., Wang, WB., " Numerical analysis of material flow in the probeless friction stir spot welding based on Coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian approach”, Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 2018, vol.36, pp.181-187. (IF: 2.809)

• Wang, X., Li, W.Y., Ma, T., Yang, X.,  Vairis,A., “Microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of a linear friction welded two-phase Ti-6.5 Al-3.5 Mo-1.5 Zr-0.3 Si titanium alloy joint”, Materials Science and Engineering A, 2018, accepted, doi:10.1016/j.msea.2018.11.059. (IF:3.414)

• Chu, Q., Li, WY., Hou, HL., Yang, XY., Vairis, A., Wang, C., Wang, W.B. “On the double-side probeless friction stir spot welding of AA2198 Al-Li alloy”, Journal of Materials Science and Technology, 2018, article in press, doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2018.10.027 (iF: 2.764)

• Chu, Q., Yang, X.W., Li, W.Y., Lu, T., Zhang, Y., Vairis,A., “Impact of surface state in probeless friction stir spot welding of an Al–Li alloy”, Science and Technology of Welding and Joining, 2018, accepted, doi:10.1080/13621718.2018.1517966. (IF: 2.050)

• Li, N., Li, W.Y., Yang, XW., Xu, Y., Vairis, A., "Corrosion characteristics and wear performance of cold sprayed coatings of reinforced Al deposited onto friction stir welded AA2024-T3 joints”, Surface & Coatings Technology, vol.349, pp.1069-1076. Doi:10.1016/j.surfcoat.2018.06.058. (IF: 2.906)

• Niu, P.L., Li, W.Y., Vairis, A., Chen, D.L., “Cyclic deformation behavior of friction-stir-welded dissimilar AA5083-to-AA2024 joints: Effect of microstructure and loading history”, Materials Science & Engineering A, vol.744, pp.145-153. doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2018.12.014 (IF: 3.414)

• Su, Y., Li, W.Y., Wang, X., Ma, T.J., Yang, X., Vairis, A., “Linear friction welding of titanium alloys: state-of-the-art and perspectives”, Materials China, vol.36, no.11, pp.852-859. 

• Su, Y., Li, W.Y., Wang, X., Ma, T.J., Li, Y., Liu, Y., Vairis, A., “On the Process Variables and Weld Quality of a Linear Friction Welded Dissimilar Joint between S31042 and S34700 Austenitic Steels”, Advanced Engineering Materials, art.no, 1801354, 2018, DOI: 10.1002/adem.201801354. 

• Patel, V., Li, W.Y., Vairis, A., Badheka, V., "Recent development in friction stir processing as a solid-state grain refinement technique: microstructural evolution and property enhancement", Critical Reviews in Solid State and Materials Science, pp.1-49, 2019

• Wang, X., Li, W.Y., Ma, T., Yang, X., Vairis, A., “Effect of welding parameters on the microstructure and mechanical properties of linear friction welded Ti-6.5Al-3.5Mo-1.5Zr-0.3Si joints”, Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 2019, vol.46, pp. 100-108, doi:10.1016/j.jmapro.2019.08.031.

• Su, Y., Li, W.Y., Patel, V., Vairis, A., Wang, X., “Formability of an AA5083 aluminum alloy T-joint using SSFSW on both corners”, Materials and Manufacturing Processes, 2019, 2019, pp.1737-1744. DOI.org/10.1080/10426914.2019.1669799

• Wen, Q., Li, W.Y., Patel, V., Gao, Y., Vairis, A., “Investigation on the Effects of Welding Speed on Bobbin Tool Friction Stir Welding of 2219 Aluminum Alloy”, Metals and Materials International, 2019, accepted. DOI:10.1007/s12540-019-00450-9.

• Wang, X., Li, W.Y., Qing, Y., Yang, X., Ma, T., Vairis, A., “Linear Friction Welding of a Beta Titanium Alloy: Experimental Investigations on Microstructure Evolution and Mechanical Properties”, Science and Technology of Welding and Joining, 2020, accepted (IF: 2.050)

• Wang, X., Li, W.Y., Ma, T., Yang, X., Vairis, A., Tao, J., "Microstructural heredity and its effect on mechanical properties of linear friction welded Ti-6.5 Al-3.5 Mo-1.5 Zr-0.3 Si alloy joints " , Materials Characterization, 2020, 110540.

• Wu, D., Li, WY., Gao, YJ., Yang, J., Su, Y., Wen, Q., Vairis, A.,"Effect of an improved pin design on weld formability and mechanical properties of adjustable-gap bobbin-tool friction stir welded Al-Cu aluminum alloy joints", Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 2020, vol.58, pp.1182-1188

•  Wu, D., Li, WY., Gao, Y., Yang, J., Wen, Q., Vidakis, N., Vairis, A., "Impact of travel speed on the microstructure and mechanical properties of adjustable-gap bobbin-tool friction stir welded Al-Mg joints" International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-020-2134-9                               

•  Dimopoulos, A.; Vairis, A.; Vidakis, N.; Petousis, M., "On the Friction Stir Welding of Al 7075  Thin Sheets", Metals, 2021, 11, 57. https://doi.org/10.3390/met11010057 (IF:1.704)

• Zou, Y., Li, W.Y., Chu, Q., Shen, Z., Wang, F., Tang, H., Vairis, A., Liu, L., "The impact of macro/microstructure features on the mechanical properties of refill friction stir spot–welded joints of AA2219 alloy with a large thickness ratio" , The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-020-06504-2. (IF:2.633) (Q1)

• Su, Y., Li, W.Y., Liu, X., Gao, F., Yu, Y., Vairis, A., “Evolution of microstructure, texture and mechanical properties of special friction stir welded T-joints for an α titanium alloy”, Materials Characterization, 2021, pp. 111152. Doi:10.1016/j.matchar.2021.111152 (IF:3.562) (Q1)

• Su, Y., Li, WY., Gao, F., Vairis, A., “Effect of FSW process on anisotropic of titanium alloy T-joint”, Materials and Manufacturing Processes, 1-9, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1080/10426914.2021.1942911 (IF: 3.350) (Q1)

• Su, Y., Li, W.Y., Shen, J., Fu, B., dos Santos, J.F., Klusemann, B., Vairis, A., “Comparing the local-global deformation mechanism in different friction stir welding sequences of Ti-4Al-0.005B titanium alloy T-joints”, Materials Science and Engineering A, vol.823, art.no. 141698, 2021, https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.msea.2021.141698 (IF: 5.234) (Q1)

• Chu, Q., Hao. S.J., Li, W.Y., Yang, X.W., Zou, Y.F., Wu, D., Vairis, A., “On the association between microhardness, corrosion resistance and microstructure of probeless friction stir spot welded Al–Li joint”, Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 2021, vol.14, pp.2394-2405. DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2021.07.120 (IF: 5.039) (Q1)

• Wu, D., Li, W.Y., Liu, X., Gao, YJ., Wen, Q., Vairis, A.," Effect of material configuration and welding parameter on weld formability and mechanical properties of bobbin tool friction stir welded Al-Cu and Al-Mg aluminum alloys", Materials Characterization, 2021, art.no 111518 (IF:3.562) (Q1)

• Chu, Q., Li, W.Y., Wu, D., Liu, X.C., Hao. S.J., Zou, Y.F., Yang, X.W., Vairis, A., “In-depth understanding of material flow behavior and refinement mechanism during bobbin tool friction stir welding”, International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture, 2021, art.no. 103816 (IF: 7.880) (Q1)

• of friction stir welded AA2024-T3 joints”, Welding in the World, 2022, vol.66, pp.951-960. DOI: 10.1007/s40194-022-01282-9 (IF: 2.103) (Q1)

• Guo, Z., Ma, T., Yang, X., Chen, X., Tao, J., Li, W.Y., Vairis, A., “Linear friction welding of Ti60 near-α titanium alloy: Investigating phase transformations and dynamic recrystallization mechanisms”, Materials Characterization, 2022, vol.194, 112424. DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2022.112424 (IF: 4.342) (Q1)

• Vairis, A., “Linear friction welded titanium alloy joints: a brief review of microstructure evolution and mechanical properties”, Welding International, 2022. DOI: 10.1080/09507116.2022.2149366 (Q4) REVIEW PAPER

• Su, Y., Li, W.Y., Shen, J., Bergmann, L., dos Santos, J.F., Klusemann, B., Vairis, A., “Comparing the fatigue performance of Ti-4Al-0.005B titanium alloy T-joints, welded via different friction stir welding sequences”, Materials Science and Engineering A, 2022, vol. 859, art.no. 144227. DOI: 10.1016/j.msea.2022.144227 (IF: 5.234) (Q1)

• Vairis, A., Petousis, M., Mountakis, N., Tsarouchidou, C., Vidakis, N., “The Effect of Tool Geometry on the Strength of FSW Aluminum Thin Sheets”, Materials, 2022, vol.15, 8187. DOI:10.3390/ma1522818 (IF: 3.748) (Q2)

• Guo, A., Ma, T., Yang, X., Li, W.Y., Tao, J., Vairis, A., “Thermo-physical simulation of deformation behavior and microstructure evolution for linear friction welding of near-β titanium alloy”,  Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, 2023, vol. 33, pp. 481-493. DOI: 10.1016/S1003-6326(22)66121-1 (IF:3.572) (Q1)

• Guo, A., Ma, T., Yang, X., Tao, J., Li, J., Li, W.Y., Vairis, A., “In-situ investigation on dislocation slip concentrated fracture mechanism of linear friction welded dissimilar Ti17(α+β)/Ti17(β) titanium alloy joint”, Materials Science and Engineering A, 2023, vol. 872, 144991 DOI: 10.1016/j.msea.2023.144991 (IF: 5.234) (Q1)

• Guo, A., Ma, T., Chen, X., Yang, X., Tao, J., Li, J., Li, W.Y., Vairis, A., “Interfacial bonding mechanism of linear friction welded dissimilar Ti2AlNb-Ti60 joint: Grain intergrowth induced by combined effects of dynamic recrystallization, phase transformation and elemental diffusion”, Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 2023, vol.24, pp.5660-5668 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2023.04.184 (IF: 6.267) (Q1)

• Guo, A., Ma, T., Chen, X., Wang, J., Chen, X., Yang, X., Tao, J., Li, J., Li, W.Y., Vairis, A., “Linear friction welding of equiaxed Ti17 titanium alloy: Effects of microstructure evolution on tensile and impact properties”, Journal of Materials Science, 2023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-023-08666-2 (IF: 4.682) (Q1)

• Guo, A., Ma, T., Yang, X., Li, J., Li, W.Y., Vairis, A., “Multi-scale analyses of phase transformation mechanisms and hardness in linear friction welded Ti17(α+β)/Ti17(β) dissimilar titanium alloy joint”, Chinese Journal of Aeronautics, 2023. DOI: https://doi.org/ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cja.2023.08.018 (IF: 5.7) (Q1)

• Su, Y., Yang, X., Wu, D., Meng, T., Li, W.Y., Feng, W., Vairis, A., “Optimizing welding sequence of TIG cross-joint of Invar steel using residual stresses and deformations”, Journal of Manufacturing Processes, vol. 105, pp. 232-245. DOI: 10.1016/j.jmapro.2023.09.047 (IF: 6.2) (Q1) 

• Su Y, Yang X, Wu D, Meng T, Li W, Feng W, Zhao W, Vairis A, “Controlling deformation and residual stresses in a TIG joint for Invar steel molds”, Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 2023. DOI: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2023.10.036. (IF: 6.267) (Q1) 

• Yang, X., Meng, T., Su, Y., Qi, Z., Wu, D., Vairis, A., Li, W.Y., “Study on relieving residual stress of friction stir welded joint of 2219 aluminum alloy using cold spraying”, Materials Characterization, 2023, accepted (IF: 4.342) (Q1) 

• Ma, T., Guo, Z., Yang, X., Jin, J., Chen, X., Tao, J., Li, W.Y., Vairis, A., Yu, L., “Plastic flow and interfacial bonding behaviors of embedded linear friction welding process: Numerical simulation combined with thermo-physical experiment”, Chinese Journal of Aeronautics, 2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cja.2023.12.034 (IF: 5.7) (Q1) 

•  Nai, X., Zhao, S., Wang, P., Chen, H., Wang, P., Song, X., Vairis, A., Li, WY., “Solid-state transformation composite filler: A new strategy to strengthen ceramic/metal joint”, Materials and Design, 2024, vol.243, art. 113040. DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2024.113040 (IF: 8.4) (Q1) 

• Guo, Z., Ma, T., Yang, X., Li, W.Y., Xu, Q., Li, Y., Li, J., Vairis, A., “Comprehensive investigation on linear friction welding a dissimilar material joint between Ti17(α+β) and Ti17(β): Microstructure evolution, failure mechanisms, with simultaneous optimization of tensile and fatigue properties”, Materials Science and Engineering A, 2024, vol. 909, art.no. 146818. DOI: 10.1016/j.msea.2024.146818 (IF: 6.4) (Q1)  

Conference papers on friction welding

• Vairis, A., Christakis, N., “Recent advances on friction modelling within a computational mechanics framework”, 1st International Conference on Experiments / Process / System modelling / Simulation / Optimization, Athens, 6-9 July 2005, ISBN 960-530-084-2. 

• Christakis, N., Vairis, A., “The application of computer-aided methodologies in industrial process optimisation”, 4th International Conference in Industry, Business and Education, Corfu, 25-26 August 2005, pp.322-328, ISBN 960-85316-9-1. 

• Vairis, A., “Material flow modelling in a manufacturing process”, 8th HSTAM International Congress on Mechanics, Patras, 12 – 14 July, 2007, pp.773-778. 

• Vairis, A., “Mathematical modelling of the linear friction welding process”, Simulation of Manufacturing Technologies 2012 Workshop, Ufa, 10-13 April 2012. 

• Vairis, A., Gazizov, R.K., Ivanov, V.Yu., Nasibullayev, I.Sh., Khalirakhmanov, D.I., Yamileva, A.M., “Simulation of linear friction welding with ANSYS Mechanical APDL”, Simulation of Manufacturing Technologies 2012 Workshop, Ufa, 10-13 April 2012. 

• Bikmeyev, A., Gazizov, R., Vairis, A., Yamileva, A., “Modeling the temperature distribution in the contact area of a moving object in the case of linear friction welding”, American Society of Mechanical Engineers-International Mechanical Engineering Congress & Exposition, San Diego, 15-21 November 2013. 

• Bikmeyev, A.T., Yamileva, A.M., Vairis, A., Gazizov, R.K., “Mathematical and numerical models of the preliminary phases of the linear friction welding process”, International Joint Symposium on Joining and Welding, Osaka, 6-8 November 2013 

• Buffa, G., Cammalleri, M., Campanella, D., Fratini, L., Vairis, A., “Effective Linear Friction Welding Machine Redesign through Process Analysis”, 15th International Conference “Metal Forming 2014”, Palermo, 21-24 September 2014. also published in Key Engineering Materials 2014, vol. 622-623, pp.484-491. 

• Li, W., Guo, J., Yang, X., Ma, T., Vairis, A., “Significant effect of micro-swing on joint formation during workpiece oscillation in linear friction welding”, Simulation of Manufacturing Technologies 2014 Workshop, Ufa, 23-25 June 2014.  also published in Journal of Engineering Science and Technology Review, 2014, vol.7, no.5, pp.55-58

• Bikmeyev, A.T., Yamileva, A.M., Gazizov, R.K., Vairis, A., Khalirahmanov, D.I., “On the Visualization of the Dynamics of Material Flow and Adhesion During Linear Friction Welding”, The International Symposium on Visualization in Joining & Welding Science through Advanced Measurements and Simulation, Osaka, 26-28 November 2014.

• Yamileva, A., Gazizov, R.K., Vairis., A., “Computer modelling of the effect of clamping in linear friction welding”, Simulation of Manufacturing Technologies 2015 Workshop, Ufa, 22-23 September 2015 also published in Journal of Engineering Science and Technology Review, 2015, vol.8, no.6, pp.65-68

• Nikiforov, R., Medvedev, A., Tarasenko, E., Vairis, A., “Numerical simulation of residual stresses in linear friction welded joints”, Simulation of Manufacturing Technologies 2015 Workshop, Ufa, 22-23 September 2015 also published in Journal of Engineering Science and Technology Review, 2015, vol.8, no.6, pp.49-53

• Bikmeyev, A.T., Gazizov, R.K., Vairis, A., Yamileva,A.M., “Particularities of simulation of friction welding processes, as an additive technology for manufacturing parts of modern aero-space systems”, National Supercomputer Forum (NSKF 2015), Russia,24-27 November 2015

• Bikmeyev, A.T., Gazizov, R.K., Yamileva, A., Vairis., A., Zheleznov, F.O., “On the visualization of joint formation during linear friction welding”, Simulation of Manufacturing Technologies 2015 Workshop, Ufa, 22-23 September 2015 also published in Journal of Engineering Science and Technology Review, 2015, vol.8, no.6, pp.68-72.

• Vairis, A., Tsainis, A.M., Papazafeiropoulos, G., “Comparison of friction welding processes”, 4th Linear Friction Welding Symposium, Cambridge, 16-17 March 2017

• Ye, Q., Li, WY., Ma, T., Yang, X., Vairis, A., "3D finite element analysis of the linear friction welding of a beta Titanium alloy", 12th International Seminar "Numerical analysis of weldability", Graz, 23-26 September 2018.

• Vairis, A., Tsainis, A.M., “On dynamically modifying the LFW process”,5th Linear Friction Welding Symposium, Cambridge, 20-21 March 2019

• Li, N., Li, W.Y. Yang, Χ., Feng, Y., Vairis, A., “An investigation into the mechanism for enhanced mechanical properties in friction stir welded AA2024-T3 joints coated with cold spraying”, International Thermal Spray Conference, ITSC 2018; Orlando; United States; 7 - 10 May 2018.

• Bikmeyev, A., Vairis, A., Li, WY., “Study of the interfacial temperature development for various friction welding processes”, IIW 2022 International Conference on Welding and Joining, 17-22 July 2022, Tokyo, Japan 

• Chen, W., Xu, Y., Vairis, A., Bikmeyev, A., Li, W.Y., “Numerical simulation of rotary friction welding of a titanium alloy”, ASME 2023 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition (IMECE 2023), 29 October-2 November 2023, New Orleans, USA.

• Vairis, A., “Overview of Research on Linear Friction Welding”, 1st Workshop on Advanced Materials Frontiers, 26 – 29 November 2023, Grenoble.