Week 4 - Journal

Ideation

Tell us about your assignment's idea for this week. Why do you care about this idea? What inspired you? (Please include images or links to sources of inspiration)

Hands on-Mind on Activity

This week contains 4 main milestone activities:

Hands-on, Minds-on, which contains Creating an electrical circuit that contains a DC-motor, lamp, and an ON/OFF switch powered with an electric adaptor.
Midweek , EOweek Videos and tutorials include creating electrical circuits containing single and multiple components adequately powered and functional. Wire single and multiple components using a breadboard and also Using Tinkercad to simulate electrical circuits. Also, conducting discussions with the instructor in the Eoweek session to show up the thoughts and difficulties that could be faced during the week.
practicing on some Exercises as Power an RGB LED so that it lights up with a Purple Color , Power a "7-segment display", so that it shows the number Seven "7" , Build an electric circuit that enable you to control the direction of rotation of a Geared Yellow DC motor using Push Buttons.
Design, simulate, and build a simple electronic device that perform some actions as movement, sound or light. i made an electric pencil sharpener device.

lamp and motor 2.mp4

Practising Tutorials

Doing Exercises

Practising Tutorials via Tinker Cad

Tutorials

Practising Tutorials

Tool Chain

Which software/machines/materials did you use in the assignment? Why?

For the materials: i used some electrical sets from the given Kit as follows:

Along the week Assignments

DC Motor 5V
Fan 5V
8 segment display
RGB, LED Lamps 2V
ON/OFF Switch push buttons
DC Power Adapter 5 and 9 V
DC Jack to terminal block converter
Jumper Wires MM, MF
Crocodile Wires
Screw Driver
Buzzer 5V
Poteintiometer 1 Kohm
Resistor 220
Breadboards
Voltage regulator
Avometer
CardBoard
Electric Wires

In the Electric Pencil Sharpener i used:

Avometer
CardBoard
Electric Wires
Battery 9 V
DC Motor and Hobby Yellow Motor 9 V
RGB, LED Lamps 2V
ON/OFF Switch push buttons
DC Power Adapter 5 and 9 V
DC Jack to terminal block converter
Jumper Wires MM, MF
Crocodile Wires
Mini Breadboard
voltage Regulator
resistor220 ohm,1K ohm
Acrylic for polishing
melting gun
plastic sharpener
Glue Gun /double face

For the software:

I used the tinkercad as a simulation program that used for simulating the electric circuits.
4 Band Resistor Color Code Calculator.

Simulation Software

Resistors Calculator

Electric Materials Used

Hobby Yellow Motor and DC Motor

Avometer

Conductive Wires

Cardboard

Pencil sharpener

Glue Double Face

Acrylic Paint

Battery 9 Volt

Conductive Wires

Melting Gun

Design/Preparation Process

Explain the design and/or preparation process of your assignment. How did you use the tool or software to design and/or prepare your assignment before fabrication/implementation?

powering a RGb to a purple color- EXERCISE 1 _ TinkerCad

EX1.mp4

EXERCISE 1 - Video making

EX2.mp4

EXERCISE 2-Video making

Display the 7 segment- EXERCISE 2 _ TinkerCad

powering a RGP to a purple color

DC motor two ways.mp4

Display the 7 segment- EXERCISE 2

1.Powering a RGB to a purple color- EXERCISE 1 :

1- In Tinkercad, i chosed a power supply +v2 anode with 5V> then connected it to the Rgb light ( along the red and blue tabs) in the mini breadboard after that i connected the resisitors of 220 ohm to minimize only 2v to the light >> then connected the cathode of the light with the -Ve of the power.

2- in the real implementation, i settled the RGB light in the mini breadboard >> then I settled the resistors in the chosen locations of blue and red colors in the opposite location from the RGB light >> then I chosed three male male junker wires >>put two sides along the two resistors and that will be the anode +ve wires and the other one along the common cathode of RGB light >> finally I connected those wires through a crocodile wires to the DC Jack to terminal block converter >> connect a power of 5V through the socket.

2.Displaying the 7 segment- EXERCISE 2 :

1- In Tinkercad, i chosed a power supply +v2 anode with 5V> then connected it to a breadboard>> the +ve with anode and -Ve with cathode >> i uploaded a 7 segment display and adjusted it as a comment cathode>> i connected the commen cathode of the screen to the -ve of the breadboard>> then I connected all the segments that contains the 7 number segments>>> and crossed them through a resistors and then to the +ve of the breadboard.

2- in the real implementation, I connected the display screen into the big breadboard>> then I connected the common cathode of the display to the -ve of the bpard>> then using junker wires i connected all the points that includes the 7 segments and then i collected them along the other side of the board >>accrossed resistors over them and then to the +ve of the board>> then i connected the two wires of the power supply and then plug in the power to the socket.

3.Controlling the direction of rotation of a Geared Yellow DC motor using Push Buttons _Exercise 3:

i connected the power supply to the breadboard ,, then I put 4 switches on the board each two are the same polarity,,2 of them will be connected to the +ve of the circuit,, the other will be connected to the -Ve of the circuit.

then, the Dc motor terminals will be connect6ed to 2 of the switches with the opposite polarity of them ,,, the other two will be connected to the other two switches to reverse the dirsection of the gear box in the motor.

powering a RGP to a purple color-EXERCISE 1

H-Bridge Circuit

4.The Pencil Sharpener Electric Device

Concept

This device acts as a pencil sharpener but in an electric way, The device is designed to perform 2 outputs the movement by the Motor and emits light by green LED. it is connected as parallel board, it consists of voltage regulator,,LED green,, Resistor 220V,, Battery of 7V,, Yellow hoppy motor,, wires,, on/off switch, and mini breadboard.

1- i started with the calculation of the voltage and current required for my circuit components. i searched for the technical sheets of DC motor, LED green color light, and its resistor.

From Datasheets>>>For LED green:

Required voltage= 3.4 V

Current = 20ma max

For DC motor trial:

Required voltage= 5V

Current =200 ma max

For hoppy yellow motor trial:

Required voltage= 9V

Current =250 ma max

From Calculations>>>For LED green:

i made it as parallel circuit so :

input plug in Battery VCC= 9 volt

LED is needed only 3.4 Volt

So R for resistor : V=IR (ohm's Law)

9-3.4=20/100 R>>>> R= 280 ohm ( it needs a high resistor value as 1 k ohm, after simulating this case)

In case of Voltage Regulator >>>

input = 5Volt

5-3.4=20/100R

R= 220 Ohm( that is the most efficient circuit for both Motor and LED)

2- i started to simulate via Tinker cad. i made several trials to choose the most optimum one for this circuit>> in the case of only resistor with 9 Volt power supply>>> i chosed a 9 V power supply, connecting the in power with the switch then the output of the switch to the led and the motor in parallel,, the resistor will across the led light and the outer cathode of the dc motor and light will be connected to the outer power supply. In the case of voltage Regulator>>> i connected the voltage regulator into the circuit the inner of the battery to a switch then i connected the outer of switch to the input of the regulator ,, then i connected the led light with the outer of the regulator and then crossed it with a resistor of 220 ohm,, then i connected the outer of this resistor to the ground of the regulator. For the Dc motor I connected it directly to the inner of the switch for input and for output it is connected to the ground that connected to the outer of the power supply.

zoom_1.mp4

Trial 1 with Dc Motor with high resistor value 1 K ohm

zoom_0.mp4

Trial 2 with Hobby yellow Motor without regulator

updated.mp4

Trial 2 with Hobby yellow Motor with regulator

Trial 1 with Dc Motor with high resistor value 1 K ohm

trial 2 with regulator and Hoppy motor( the most efficient Circuit)

3- After this step i go through the design process in the next section.

Development/Implementation Process

Explain the development/implementation process of your assignment. How did you use the machine/tool to manufacture or implement the design of your assignment?

Final Circuit implementation

Supplying the in/out of the power supply within the Regulator

Supplying the on/off switch of the circuit with the in of regulator and the in of the power supply

Adding the Resistor between the ground of the regulator and a vacant slot.

Supplying the anode of the RGB with the out of the regulator and the cathode with the resistor

Adding the yellow motor between the in of the regulator and the ground.

IMG_7204.mp4

A step by step Model Design as follows:

1- First i implement the simulated basic circuit:

2-To connect the circuit i started by connecting the adaptor to the dc jack with the jumpers >> i connected the jumper from the +ve terminal of the adaptor to the breadboard.

Then i Connected the switch with 2 crocodiles then 2 jumpers in the breadboard. i connected the in of the switch along the same line of the +ve of the power jumper.

then i added the LED the anode of it with the outer of the switch ,, then crossing a resistor along it with the other side of the led is connected to the -Ve of the power which located in the other side of the mini breadboard.

For the Dc motor, i connected it with 2 crocodiles and 2 jumpers,, one side is located along the same side of the inner switch terminal and the other along the outer side of the outer power supply.

2- Second, i begin to add voltage regulator into the circuit,, by putting the inner of it at the same side of the switch and connecting all the outer sides of the motor and the LED to the ground of the regulator. Also the LED is now connected to the outer of the regulator with crossing the resistor 220 ohm.

3- I made sketches for the designed idea to place each component of the circuit in its designed location.

4- i choosed a portable battery with 9 Volt ,, i measure the connectivity of its +,-Ve sides with the Avometer.

5- i begin to cut the cardboard with the designed dimensions after measuring each part ,, the design is consists of a battery ,, above it will placed the mini board,, then the motor will be in front of them. so the dimensions are 5, 8,8 cm.

6- i get two polarity of wires 6 mm ,, i connect each one with +,_ve of the battery,, then i placed it along the base of the cardboard with double face glue. then I made a base of cardboard between the battery and the breadboard ,, and also fixed it with double face glue.

7- i replace each crocodile of the circuit with a jumpers female male,, and I used a conductive wires in case of the switch to connected the terminals of it with the jumpers without using crocodile,,, this case let me minimize the wires in my circuit.

Electric Circuit inside the model body

The first basic draft of the circuit that connects a DC motor, LED and a switch with 5Volt.

The Final board with the voltage regulator

Sketches of the Design

IMG_7072.mp4

8- placing the Motor Step:

at first i tried the DC motor action after connecting to the circuit,, i begin to connecting the plastic Sharpener with it,, i made two circles with the cardboard and i fixed them with the glue gun >>> this made an issue as the Sharpener part wasnot fixed enough to rotate with the speed of the motor. Then I tried to fix better the cardboard circles with the pen of the rotated Dc motor I made a layer between them and fill a bit with glue gun. >>>the result was much better ,, it is rotating well! but when I tried with a pencil >> the speed was too high and it wasn't efficient at all!!

Then i tried the Hoppy yellow motor at the end i replaced them together>> the connections are well to proceed. here I replaced the cardboard circles with a bottle cap and also i made a hole in the plastic Sharpener with the melting gun to be more strengthen and I connected it to the rotating gear of the Motor then to the plastic Sharpener again>>> the result was so better from the two above cases and I tried the pencil >> it has to be positioned in an axial way as it will took time if it is not along the right direction but at the end it works.

IMG_7095.mp4

IMG_7087.mp4

IMG_7065.mp4

IMG_7098.mp4

melting the plastic with the melting gun to make a hole in it

9- Then i begin to make the top of the model by cutting the places of switch and LED Lamp,, then i connected all the sides with using glue gun and double face glue too,, then i made the front side of the shape >> cut the place of the rotating sharpener and also i made a box to collect all the sharpened paper of the pencils. Also I paint all the model except the top side with black acrylic color.

Trials of Functionality

IMG_7117.mp4

IMG_7118 (1).mp4

The Final Product

IMG_7124.mp4

Community of Learning

Did you ask for feedback? What are the ideas that others have contributed or suggested? What was someone else’s idea that you built upon? How did you help your peers? How did your peers help you?

IMG_6999.mp4

RC car Activity

Actually in the Midweek and Eoweek we reviewed our work through the week., i got some ideas from others in performing their circuits. As each one could build his circuit by a different way. So it was interesting for me! to investigate how he did it and the differences between me and him. Such as in the RGB exercise, i watched out a friends' idea, called Ramie, and how he controlled the circuit by the potentiometer. he could differ the intensity of each lamp and he could perform the purple color. this is so helpful to make a color that couldn't be emerged directly from the fundamental Colors red/blue/green.

From the EOweek RC motor activity,, i get a lot of ideas from it,, this helped me to be able to think about the placing of each part of the designed model. Also, I helped another team to connect the H-bridge circuit of the RC car.

Also I got feedback on my electric Pencil sharpner about the battery portable supply ,, it helped me to conduct my model without the plug in power supply. Also there was an advice to think about the fixation of the motor part to be placed well,, i go through this several trials to the end of choosing the most optimum way .

Overcoming Challenges

When you got stuck, what/who did you turn to? At what point did you have to pause to research or learn more before moving on? What are some mistakes, pitfalls, or challenges that others can avoid if they were doing this assignment?

Lamp and Motor.mp4

lamp and motor 2.mp4

A comparison between the two connections with using different power supply 5and 9 V and different connections (parallel and series connections)

In Hands on activity, i tried to connect the motor and lamp separately, and they works well. but when merging all those in the same circuit, the lamp lights but at a low intensity. So i tried to convert the connections several times, then i resulted to perform the most efficient state in the next points /Solutions:

when i connect a branch from the main source of the jumper wires directly to the lamp, switch and motoras (parallel Connction not series).
When i replaced the source power from 5V to 9V.

Also, through the midweek and Eoweek sessions; we discussed the video tutorials and address the problems i faced with my instructor.

Other Problems I Faced:

while practicing the Rgb Ex. i faced a problem with my Rgp led as it didnot light up even after i checked the circulation of each part in tinker cad and in real. Then i replaced it with another one and it lights well! so i recognized that it is broken down.
While practicing the 7 segment Ex. in real operation, the display screen didnot light up even after checking the circulation in the tinker cad. but after discussing with the instructor i recognized that i did supply the output lines in the -ve tabs. however the connection is cathode, also i also recognized that my board is seprated from the half the two sides of -ve and +ve arenot connected together, such different from the tinker cad board. so i reconnected and returned them into the +Ve outputs and it works well.

7 segment display

Also, i used google search for helping me in understanding the way that 7 segment and RGB light work. This helps me alot in going through my assignments.

3- In the EO week activity of the RC Car ,, i checked the connectivity of the switches legs to be able to consider with line of the 3 is conductive so i used the Avometer to check this issue. Also in my designed pencil sharpner model,, i used the Avometer to see the connectivity of the extra wires that connects the battary with the jumpers. and also to re check with the voltage of the LED in the circuit.

IMG_7065.mp4

4- i didnot find the cap of the battery in any near store, so i fixed this with connecting wires by myself between each treminals by using conductive wires.

Final Project

How can you use the skills and knowledge that you've acquired this week in your final project?

Of course, this will help me to translate my own project idea into a prototype that could perform a real action. by using the tinker cad simulation software and the different skills we learned through this week in performing the circuits by using different electric tools.

WOW!

What is the coolest thing that you've learned this week? What is something that you will never forget from this week?

the most coolest thing of this week that i could Simulate circuits on Tinker cad and make sure it is functional and Build different circuits on a breadboard and test it. A new experience for me to go through it!

Also turning the ideas into a prototype that could perform actions. that was awesome!

Also the RC Car Activity of the EO week ,, it was so informative to apply.

RC Car Activity

Weekly Digest [OPTIONAL]

Tell us about any other cool things that you've made this week: in the Hands-on activity, tutorial examples, exercises, or any other cool mini-project that you tried out aside from the assignment.

Practicing the Tutorials through Tinker cad and real implementations.
I also watched some helpful videos about circuit connections.
the applications of these connections through real- Life implementations.
i also searched for how to deal with connecting wires.

The logic behind the 7 segment Display

7 segment Display Theory

RGB Logic

Practicing the Tutorials through Tinker Cad

Fan with switch.mp4

Fan with Switch Control

Fan.mp4

Fan without Switch Control

H-Bridge Concepts

Practicing the Tutorials through Tinker Cad

Led light with switch.mp4

Powering a Red Led light

Assignment Design Files

Exercise 1-2

Exercise 3

Electric Pencil Sharpener

Simulations part 1

Simulations part 2

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