A single line, whether for a soloist or for unison voices or instruments. 

Homophonic music is played in block chords. 

Homophonic music is also sometimes called chordal music. 

When the melody or theme is the main feature, and the other parts support, i.e. ‘accompany’ the melody.

Two or more melodies, equally as important, played together.

This is similar to counterpoint/contrapuntal texture, but the melodies (the same as counterpoint).

A short vocal canon for unaccompanied singing (e.g. Row, row your boat, Three Blind Mice).

A compositional device where a melody in one part is repeated exactly after the other, usually with some overlapping.

When several layers of sounds or musical lines are added to build up the texture. 

When voices/instruments are playing at the same pitch, i.e. all parts sounding the same note.

When the style of the music is delivered through the harmony, i.e. the interest is vertical, and in the chords more than the melody.

A type of accompaniment figure that uses broken chords.

The broken chord pattern is 1 - 5 - 3 - 5

Type of bass that is continuously moving along. The notes are all on the beat and the movement is mainly by step.

‘Staccato’ (short) chord(s) that add dramatic impact in a piece of music. Usually lasts for one beat and played by horns/brass instruments. Found in various types of music, e.g. jazz and rock.

A melodic idea (already stated in one part) is copied in another part, while the first tune continues. It may only use the first few notes of the original idea. 

When one or more notes are held or repeated throughout a piece of music.

A decorative melodic line, higher in pitch than the main melody in a piece of vocal music, e.g. in a hymn, Christmas carol or similar vocal piece.