update on 11/12

Marie Curie was most known for her discovery in radioactivity. Working with Henri Becquerel and her husband, Pierre Curie, she was awarded a Noble Price for Physics in 1903. Then went on to receive a Noble Prize for Chemistry (1911). She was the first woman to receive a Noble Prize and the only one to receive a prize in two different fields. Her work led to advances in medicine and nuclear science.

Anandibai Gopal Joshi was the first Indian woman to earn a degree in Western medicine. Born in 1865, she overcame major, social, and cultural barriers to study abroad, graduating with a Masters Degree from the Woman's Medical College of Pennsylvania in 1886. Her accomplishment made her a pioneer for women's education and healthcare in India, inspiring future generations of Indian women to pursue medical careers. 

Born in Belgium, he graduated as a Doctor of Medicine in 1892, leaving after four years of study instead of the standard five. In his studies, he was able to discover the factors of blood serum which helped further studies for the treatment of contagious diseases. He was then able to find Bordetella pertussis, which was responsible for causing whooping cough. And became a professor of bacteriology at the Free University of Brussels (1907–35).

Mainly known for her invention of laserphaco, Dr. Patricia Bath advocated for blindness prevention, treatment, and cure. Her dedication to her medical career started when she was little, hearing about Dr. Albert Schweitzer achievements in Congo. When she was sixteen, Dr. Bath was able to earn a science award, continuing in Howard University of Medicine (Washington D.C.), interned at Harlem hospital (1968-1969), and completed a fellowship in ophthalmology at Columbia University. She completed her training at New York University (1970-1973), where she became the first African American resident in ophthalmology. Getting married, and having her first child Eraka in 1972, she focused primarily on motherhood, but she was able to manage completing a fellowship corneal transplantation and keratoprosthesis. 

Semmelweis was a physician who found the cause of child bed fever. He found the mother in the first division of the clinic faced more death rates than those who were in the second division. The people that worked in the first division were students, while for the second division, they were midwives. Semmelweis concluded that the students must have carried diseases with them while they were in labor rooms. With his findings, he was able to conclude that the students had not washed their hands after treating mothers who had died due to disease. And he was able to enforce the hand washing rule which helped many mothers/patients in the future. 

Known as the first woman to earn a medical degree and opened her own medical college for women pursuing the medical field. She was born Feburary 3rd of 1821, and decided to pursue the medical field with her dying friend's wish. Though she was accepted as a joke, Blackwell still attened through discrimination and critisizm she recieved by classmates and people from her towm. In the end, she was able to graduate first in her class and taught male colleges the importance of personal hygiene when treating patients. 

Dr. Elsie Effah Kaufmann is a Ghanain biomedical engineer and educator. She founded the Department of Biomedical Engineering at the University of Ghana. And has helped train future  scientists which she inspired many young people throughout the world to pursue the study of science and engineering. 

Dr. Jacinto Convit of Venezuela (1913-2014) was known for challenging how leprosy was treated so patients no longer needed to live in isolation. He also worked on vaccines and treatments for leprosy. Convit was also able to start health care centers to provide care to many people which helped many live a better life and reduced their fear around these illnesses

Known as "percussion of the chest" in the mid 1700's. He graduated medical school by 22 and went to Spain for ten years to work in the Military Hospital in Vienna, while He first learned percussion by listening to how his father checked bottles of liquids to see how much is left.  He integrated new practices that used the effects of the sound produced by percussion to diagnose diseases found in the chest Which helped further medical studies to take place in the future. 

Joseph L. Goldstein along with his colleagues, discovered the low density lipoprotien (LDL) receptor and how these receptors controlled cholesterol homeostasis. Although this was known as basic work, this discovery helped lay the groundwork of discovering the drug called statins, which lowered blood LDL-cholesterol and prevented heart attacks.