If you're just getting started with kiting, our Kite Flying Basics will help to ensure you have a solid understanding of some important core concepts, including:
How the different styles of kites compare to one another, and what each style has to offer.
How to read the wind, understand turbulence, and find an ideal spot to fly your kite.
How to choose, handle, and repair your flying line.
As always, we want to provide the best information and tools so that our flyers can get the most out of their kites. If you have an idea for something you'd like to see covered in this guide, let us know!
If you're shopping for a kite, you may be a little overwhelmed at the variety of options available to you. Kites come in many shapes, sizes, and control configurations, and it can be difficult to choose without a little info about the flying experience each type provides. Let's take a look at some of the most common types of kites and what each one can do for you:
Best for:
Marking your spot in the sky
Beginners and younger kids
Socializing outdoors
Gifts for non-kiters
Single-line kites are perhaps the most popular style of kite out there, and for good reason! They offer a huge variety of interesting shapes, bright colors, and eye-catching accessories that allow flyers to mark their spot with a unique piece of flying art - all while being simple to launch and easy to keep in the air. As most single line kites are designed to fly steady and stable, holding their position in the air once launched, they're a great option for flyers who want outstanding visual impact that they can kick back and enjoy without the need for constant input to keep it aloft. Their simplicity and ease of use also make single line kites a natural fit for children, and can be a great tool to engage them in enriching hands-on learning about wind, weather, and the science of flight!
An example of a delta style single-line kite, the Zenith flies stable without input from the person holding the flying line.
Best for:
Grownups and older kids
Fully controllable loops, spins, and tricks
Folks who enjoy the challenge of learning new skills
A fully engaging sport you can enjoy for years
Framed dual-line kites, also referred to as sport kites or stunt kites, are the quintessential dual-line flying machine. They consist of a fabric sail, typically made from rip-stop nylon or polyester, stretched over a rigid frame of carbon or fiberglass rods. The frame and sail work together to provide a taut surface that channels wind into a lifting force, propelling the kite forward. The pilot (that's you!) is connected to the kite via two control lines - one in each hand - that allow the kite to be guided left and right as it moves through the air.
Beginner pilots start out with basic controls - learning to keep the kite in the air as they perform loops, spins, dives, and wide passes along the horizon. The addition of a tail can add extra flair, especially for novice fliers, as it traces the path of the kite through every turn. With experience you can take on the challenge of freestyle flying, also known as trick flying. This involves manipulating the kite beyond the standard left/right controls, allowing the pilot to pull off some incredible acrobatic feats; flying the kite on its back, flipping it end over end, spinning it like a top, or even floating it side to side with an eerie ghost-like calm.
While many framed dual-line kites are designed to do a little bit of everything - flying in a range of wind speeds and offering several ways to fly in a single package - they can also be intentionally designed to be very good at a specific kind of flying. As you look through the kites being offered you'll find that some have been designed primarily for use in light winds, while others may be dialed for maximum speed or to make trick flying easier - some are even capable of flying indoors, with no wind at all!
If you're excited by the idea of a kite that will offer a captivating flight experience, with basic controls that can be learned in an afternoon and a path to advanced skills you can follow for a lifetime, then a framed dual-line kite is where you should set your sights.
The Quantum, Nexus, and Jazz are examples of classic framed dual-line kites, using simple left-right inputs to steer them through the air.
Best for:
Learning basic dual-line control
Occasional flyers with less time to invest
Travelers with limited luggage space
Teaching a friend to fly
Dual-line foils differ from framed dual-line kites in that they are made entirely from fabric, with no rigid support structure to give them their shape. Instead, the wind pushes air into the inlets along the leading edge of the sail, pressurizing the chambers inside to form an aerodynamic wing. An assembly of lines sewn into the sail, called a bridle, holds the wing into shape while providing attachment points for the control lines. Because foils lack a rigid frame, they aren't able to pull off the wide range of acrobatic tricks that a framed kite can, but they still offer a number of features that make them an ideal fit for many fliers.
In general, dual-line foils are more forgiving for new fliers than their framed counterparts. With no hard parts to break or replace after a crash landing, foils can provide a more relaxed atmosphere when learning basic controls, and can be more approachable when sharing your kite with friends as there is less risk of them damaging your kite. Foils also react less sharply to a pilot's control inputs and move a little more slowly than a similarly sized framed kite, so steering feels more forgiving and you'll have more time to react as the kite moves through the air. As a trade-off for speed, foils also tend to have a bit more pull than framed kites. When the wind comes up, larger sized foils can even drag you along the beach on the soles of your feet - a fun way to engage with the wind that you won't find in many framed designs.
Dual-line foils tend to be grouped into two categories: Speed Foils and Power Trainers. Speed Foils share the tight turns and zippy speed of their framed counterparts, and are controlled in a similar manner to framed dual-line kites, with two flying lines ending in wrist straps held by the pilot. Power Trainers take the opposite tack - moving more slowly and delivering greater pulling power instead. In place of wrist straps, they come with a control bar connected to the flying lines that allows them to hold on, lean back, and balance their body weight against the pull of the kite as they guide it back and forth through the power window.
Speed foils like those in the Synapse line aim to reproduce the classic dual-line experience with a frameless, all-fabric design.
Power trainers like the Tantrum use a control bar instead of wrist straps to allow fliers to hold on, lean back, and wrestle against the wind.
Best for:
More experienced pilots
Pulling yourself on land or snow
Traction sports like bugging, land boarding, and snow kiting
Power kites are controllable like dual-line foils, but they're designed to generate maximum pulling power rather than performing spins and other acrobatic feats. While dual-line foils typically range from 1 to 2 meters in wingspan, power kites can be much larger - starting at about 2 meters and going up to 5 meters across or more! This increased size gives the sail much more surface area, and allows the kite to generate enough pull from the wind to power what we call traction sports - activities in which the kite pulls a pilot along the ground on a kite buggy, over snow on a snowboard or skis, or across the beach on bare feet.
To make this power more manageable, power kites often offer more complex control configurations than speed foils or power trainers. In addition to the basic left/right control lines, a third group of lines called brake lines allow pilots finer control over these large kites. Brake lines allow a pilot to tune their kite for the day's wind conditions, and also provide a method to quickly de-power their kite if they feel unable to safely control it at any time. Some power kites also offer the option to convert the control configuration from dual-line to quad-line control, where brake lines give the pilot the ability to not only steer their kite via left/right inputs, but also to finely control the amount of power generated by adjusting the angle at which the kite's sail is presented to the wind (called angle of attack).
A power kite designed for amphibious use, the Mentor delivers enough pull for traction sports while providing a control configuration that makes it manageable and safe to use.
As a pilot, you - and only you - are responsible for your safety and the safety of those around you when you fly. Read these instructions thoroughly, and make sure you understand how to properly use your kite before launching. Below are some important notes to keep in mind in order to ensure a safe flying experience:
Make sure your flying space is clear before launching. Kites can move quickly and unpredictably, and your kite or its line could seriously injure anyone in their path if something goes wrong.
Never wrap your flying line around your hands. In a gust, the wind can cause your kite to pull hard enough to for the line to cut you seriously. Always hold the lines by their wrist straps.
Developing an ability to read the wind will go a long way towards making your flying session a safe and satisfying experience. With a little practice, you can make surprisingly accurate judgements about the wind's speed, direction, and quality. Familiarize yourself with the basic indicators for wind speed, direction, and turbulence, and you'll find that choosing areas to fly that have the smooth, consistent wind is a snap.
As the wind sweeps across the ground's surface, it leaves tell-tale signs that you can use to determine its speed. Keep an eye out for these clues, and over time you'll be able to gauge the wind's speed by instinct. This is especially useful for kite flyers, as weather forecasts often only provide general wind speed estimates for a large area, and actual conditions will vary from spot to spot, even along the same beach or within a single flying field. Here are some visual cues to pay attention to when judging the wind's speed:
Tall grass moves when the wind is almost too light to feel on your face, 1-3 mph.
Moving trees also indicate wind speed. In 4-7 mph you'll see rustling leaves. In 8-12 mph you'll see smaller twigs in motion as well. As the wind increases past 12 mph you'll see small branches, then large branches, then entire trees starting to sway.
Texture on the surface of water. If you fly near the water this is the most useful of all clues about wind speed. The ripples and waves on the surface are noticeably different for every 3 mph change in wind speed. A good rule of thumb is that the first whitecaps usually form on the surface when the wind is blowing at about 12 mph.
You can tell a lot by watching how vigorously flags are flapping in the wind. A flag up high in unobstructed air is a more reliable gauge that a flag surrounded by buildings or sheltered by a hill. Flags will seldom extend in less than 7 mph.
Swaying stoplights at intersections often indicate 15 mph or more.
Telephone wires start to whistle in 25-30 mph. Be sure to respect the wind rating of your kite and exercise caution when deciding to fly in strong winds. Do not fly your kite anywhere near overhead wires!
Also called anemometers, these pocket-sized wind meters provide a fast and easy way to determine the wind's speed. Used together with visual indicators, a wind meter can help you train yourself to read the wind more intuitively by giving you a number to associate with what you are seeing around you. Wind meters can be found online and at many kite shops starting at around $20-$30 for basic models, getting more expensive with improved accuracy, durability, and the inclusion of additional features.
Regardless of whether you use visual indicators or a wind meter to measure wind speed, there are two important factors you need to keep in mind before launching your kite:
On-the-Ground vs In-the-Air
You are most likely going to be measuring the wind's speed at ground level, while your kite is going to be spending most of its time considerably higher up in the air. At ground level, the wind experiences extra friction and drag as it makes contact with the ground's surface, which makes it move more slowly than the wind you'll find further up off the ground. If wind speeds at ground level are approaching the upper limit of your kite's wind range, be aware that speeds will be even faster at flying altitude. It's best to avoid launching under these conditions to prevent damaging or losing your kite.
Variable Wind Speeds
The wind's speed is almost never constant, and can change unpredictably. This is especially important to keep in mind when flying at the low or high ends of your kite's wind range. A strong gust of wind can turn 20 mph into nearly 30 mph very quickly, so it's best to avoid taking your kite out when winds are both strong and gusty. It's also possible for wind speeds to quickly decrease, which can cause problems when flying at the very bottom end of the wind range. In these conditions, avoid flying over water, trees, or buildings - places where it would be difficult to retrieve your kite if it came down to the ground after a crash.
Judging the direction the wind is blowing in your current location is relatively easy as you can almost always find several good clues - even just the feel of the wind on your face will give you at least some rough idea of the wind's direction. For a better reading of the wind's direction, consider the following indicators:
Wet a finger. This is the oldest one in the book. Lick a finger and stick up in the air over your head - the side of your finger that feels coldest is the direction from which the wind is coming.
A few bits of grass or dry leaves released overhead will provide a good local indicator of direction.
Trees, particularly tall narrow ones, bend over away from the wind.
Flags are good indicators, but can't tell you much in less than 5 mph of wind.
Smoke drifts downwind even in the lightest winds
Other kites, particularly single-line kites, will always hover pointed into the wind.
Passing clouds will give you a good idea of the prevailing wind direction. Be aware, however, that sometimes the wind near the ground will be quite different.
You probably have some kind of weather app on your phone already, but the more time you spend flying the more you'll notice that basic apps tend to leave out a lot of information flyers care about. Below are some apps we've used in the past that provide more nuanced information about the wind, and can give you a clearer picture of the flying conditions expected over the course of the day. Detailed forecasts and interactive maps help take some of the guesswork out of planning a flying session, but don't forget to take stock of real-world conditions once you arrive at the flying field.
Windfinder (www.windfinder.com) | iOS App | Android App
Weather Underground (www.wunderground.com) | iOS App | Android App
Windy.app (www.windy.app) | iOS App | Android App
SailFlow (www.sailflow.com) | iOS App | Android App
An ideal kite flying field is flat and broad, with nothing nearby to interrupt the smooth flow of wind. If, like most of us, you live in an area where conditions are often less than perfect, you'll want to find an area to fly which will give you the smoothest, most consistent wind possible. The key is to avoid turbulence.
You'll be able to feel turbulence as an irregular tugging on your line as your kite flies through it, and you may also notice that the dual-line kites have difficulty "hanging" in one place directly overhead or at the edges of the wind window. Single-line kites will be difficult to launch in turbulent wind, and will fly more erratically near the ground where turbulence is worse.
Turbulent air is formed when the wind is disturbed by obstructions in its path, and can occur both downwind and upwind of these obstructions. Upwind turbulence is created as wind builds up in swirling piles in front of buildings, trees, and other objects in its path, seeking a way around to continue its flow. Once the wind has overcome the obstacle, downwind turbulence remains for some distance as the wind struggles to smooth itself out again. We refer to this longer, downwind stretch of turbulence as an object's wind shadow. As a rule of thumb, consider that an object's wind shadow can cover a downwind distance of up to 6 times the object's height - a stand of 50' tall trees can cause turbulence up to 300 feet away! Because wind shadow accounts for the larger portion of the turbulence an obstruction creates, it tends to be the most common type of turbulence you'll encounter while flying. However, if you find yourself having trouble with uncooperative wind when nothing is blocking its path to you, don't forget to check for objects that might be building up turbulence ahead of you as well.
The following diagrams illustrate some of the ways turbulence can occur due to common obstructions you're likely to come across:
Now that you know how to estimate wind speed, determine its direction, and identify obstacles that cause turbulence, its time to apply that knowledge toward finding the best flying spaces in your area. You might be tempted to head straight for the nearest park or beach to get started, but a few minutes invested in choosing your flying location can make the difference between an enjoyable afternoon spent flying, and a frustrating walk back to the car. Here's how we like to scout for new flying spaces:
To get started, identify the wind's direction & speed. Check your weather app, local news forecast, or use visual indicators to determine the direction and speed of the wind in your area.
Next, use a map to search for wide open spaces where you might be able to fly. Beaches, parks, athletic fields, and large unincorporated spaces are all easy to spot from above using something like Google Maps.
The last step is to compare the day's wind conditions against the flying space. For example, if the wind is coming from the north, check the space you've found to be sure that there won't be any obstacles to the north of you when flying that might cause turbulence. Below are some examples of flying spaces that are easy to spot on a map, along with some descriptions of how the wind might interact with their surroundings.
This beach will provide ideal conditions when the wind comes from the west, flowing in smoothly off the water. When the wind comes in from the east, however, the wind will be turbulent thanks to the large trees blocking its path.
This field has only a few small trees along its northern edge, providing a fair chance of smooth flying when the wind is blowing from the north. The heavy tree cover to the east, west, and south will likely disrupt the wind from any other direction though.
In a pinch, a local school football field can provide a flying space. Surrounded by mostly single story buildings, this field may be flyable when the wind comes from the north or south. Leaving as much empty space upwind of yourself as you can will ensure you get the smoothest wind possible.
Flying lines are one of the most important components of any flier's arsenal, yet they are often taken for granted because they seem so simple. A little understanding of the materials, characteristics, and proper handling of your lines will go a long way toward ensuring they're kept in good condition, year after year.
Flying lines require proper care and handling to ensure their longevity. Used correctly your flying line will last many years, but if mishandled you'll risk breaks, tangles, and even the loss of your kite. We've outlined the most common issues flyers encounter with their lines below, along with information to help you avoid making these mistakes yourself. Replacement flying lines are not covered under your kite's warranty, so be sure you read and understand the information in this section before you start flying.
Lines can break under strain from strong winds, from snagging something sharp on the ground, and from getting cut by other lines in the sky.
Be careful launching your kite in winds near the top of its wind range. Wind speeds are variable, and flying in strong winds can easily break a line if conditions change or a sudden gust coms along. Wind speeds are also stronger the higher up you go, so if the ground level wind is near the top of your kite’s wind range you can be sure it will be stronger higher up.
Breaks can occur when attempting to tug your kite free from something it’s tangled in. Stay away from trees and other obstacles to avoid getting snagged, and if you have an unplanned landing be sure your lines aren’t caught on anything before relaunching.
Keep a safe distance from other kites while flying. Lines can easily cut each other if they touch in flight, so leave enough room for your neighbors when you choose your spot to fly.
Tangles and knots are never fun but luckily they’re also easy to prevent. Just remember this: Your flying line should always be either completely wound onto its winder, or it should be making a straight line from the kite to your position on the flying field. To prevent a tangled mess, avoid dragging your lines on the ground, unwinding them onto a pile at your feet, or using your elbow to coil them instead of a winder.
Flying lines for single-line kites are available in a variety of materials, lengths, strengths, and styles. We've made things simple by including flying line with each of our single-line kites, but if you decide you'd like to have some additional options on hand the short primer below will help you choose an appropriate line.
While cheap kid’s kites sometimes include stretchy nylon, cotton or monofilament line, most quality line for single line kites is made from polyester (sometimes called Dacron). Polyester line is stronger and lighter for its size so it’ll add less weight and drag to your kite, making it easier to fly in light winds.
Because twisted line is easier to manufacture it’s generally less expensive than braided line, but it’s much more likely to twist and get tangled as you fly. We include quality braided line with all our single line kites and we strongly recommend avoiding cheap twisted lines so you don’t have to spend your flying time untangling knots.
We recommend a length of 200-300 feet for most single line kites up to about a 7 foot wing span. While you can use a longer line if you'd like, there are a couple things you should consider first:
The longer your flying line is, the smaller your kite will appear in the sky - at a certain point you'll start to lose some of your kite's visual impact as it becomes harder to see.
Wind speed often increases as you gain altitude, so you may want to use a stronger line than normal if you plan on flying at higher altitudes. Keep in mind that the kite itself may sustain damage if the wind is too strong.
A longer line can make it more difficult to retrieve your kite if it comes down unexpectedly. Make sure the length of your line does not allow your kite to drift over trees, water, or anything else that would make it difficult to recover if it were to crash.
If you’re flying at higher altitudes or in stronger winds near the upper end of your kite's wind range, upgrading to a stronger line may be a good idea. On a breezy day the wind aloft can be much stronger than it is on the ground, so when in doubt choose a line that’s stronger than you think you need. It may weigh your kite down a little more, but that beats losing your kite if it breaks in a gust.
Maneuverable sport kites and power kites require high-performance line for best control. Sport kite lines need to be low stretch, light weight, and slippery so you can easily control the kite with or without twists in the line.
Dyneema (Spectra) line
Most sport kite line is made from Dyneema (also called Spectra) which is a high performance aerospace fiber that’s stronger than steel for its weight and incredibly low stretch. That gives you the responsiveness and control required for sport kites while keeping weight and drag to a minimum.
Very low stretch - for quick, fingertip control response.
Thinner profile - creates less drag so you can fly in lighter winds .
Super slippery - lets you easily control the kite even with multiple twists in the line.
More expensive - costs more due to the advanced manufacturing process required to make and braid the super-fine fibers.
Polyester line
Smaller sport kites can also be flown on braided polyester lines because they don’t pull as hard and won’t be as affected by stretch in the line. Polyester is less expensive than Dyneema and works well for entry level kites, but upgrading to Dyneema lines will give a huge performance boost to any sport kite and let you fly in a wider wind range with more control.
Less expensive than Dyneema
Bigger diameter adds weight and drag
Stretchier- makes your kite less responsive
Higher friction- harder to control the kite with many twists in the line
Best for smaller kites that don’t pull hard
The lines included with your Prism kite are a good all-around length and strength for most typical flying conditions. However many serious pilots collect additional linesets for strong winds, light winds, and confined flying spots so they can get the most from their kite wherever they go to fly.
Longer lines will...
Increase the available flying space
Make the kite feel a little slower and give you more time to react
Generate more drag as they catch the wind, controls may feel less crisp
Shorter lines will...
Reduce the available flying space
Make the kite feel a bit faster
Make it easier to learn advanced tricks by bringing the kite closer, providing a better view of how inputs affect the kite
Make it easier to fly in light winds
Heavier/Stronger lines will...
Offer better protection against breakage in stronger winds
Weigh the kite down a bit in light winds
Create more drag than thinner lines
Lighter/Weaker lines will...
Weigh less and create less drag, giving a performance boost in lighter winds
Need to be swapped for stronger lines as wind speed picks up
When you're done flying for the day it's important to properly store your flying lines back on their winder, ensuring your lines are ready-to-use and tangle free when you start your next flying session. Here's our preferred winding method:
Hook the colored cords from both wrist straps through the slot in your winder to anchor your lines in place.
Holding both flying lines together, wrap them onto the winder in a figure-8 pattern, continuing until all the line is on the winder (single line shown for simplicity).
Once the lines are fully wrapped, fold the wrist straps over the wound lines. Pull the elastic cord around the winder and slip the knot into the notch on the winder’s handle to secure.
Sport kite lines should be the same length - within 1” - for easiest control. While all our lines are precision measured at the factory, your new lines will stretch in a bit as you use them, especially if they’re polyester. Don’t worry- this is normal. Sometimes one line will stretch more than the other, especially if like most of us you favor tight spins in one direction over the other.
The adjustable wrist straps that come with your lines make it easy to equalize your lines if they stretch unevenly over time, or if you break and repair one line making it shorter than the other. Here’s how to do it:
Anchor the sleeved ends of you lines to something sturdy and unwind them fully. Note any difference in length between the lines.
Pull the knot out from inside the wrist strap on the longer line, and slide the wrist strap forward to access the adjustment pigtail.
Tie an overhand knot in the pigtail. The distance between the new knot and the old knot should be equal to the difference in length between the two lines. Slide the wrist strap back into position, seating the knot inside.
Confirm that the lines are now even (within a half inch), and reposition the knot if necessary.
If something goes wrong and you end up with a broken flying line, a quick knot is often all that's needed to get back to flying. Here are the three most useful knots for kite fliers making field repairs:
Blood Knot
Can be used to join two pieces of line if your flying line breaks.
Double Overhand Loop
Used to finish the end of your flying line. Works well for both sleeved and un-sleeved lines.
Lark's Head Knot
Can be used to connect your flying line to the line attachment point on your kite's bridle without the aid of an attachment clip.
The loops at the end of Spectra lines are often protected with a braided sleeve. The sleeving cushions the knot in the loop, making a sleeved lineset about 20% stronger than an un-sleeved one. It’s not strictly necessary to sleeve your lines, but sleeving will protect your line from abrasion for a longer-lasting lineset. Here's how to sleeve the ends of your lines using our sleeving kit:
Hook the intact loop ends over something fixed (hook, fencepost, log) and stretch both lines out to their full length.
Cut both lines to the same length with a knife, removing the loop on the unbroken side.
Use the included wire loop to fish each line through the hollow sleeving. Slide the sleeving off onto each line.
With tension on both lines, slide the sleeving to the same position on each side.
Holding even tension on both lines, use a permanent marker to put a tic mark across both lines about 1” beyond either end of the sleeving.
Fold each line so the tic marks match up, and use two overhand knots in a row to tie loops in the lines and sleeving.
Pull evenly on both lines to check that they are the same length within 1/2”. Loosen knots and adjust one loop if necessary.
Cut off the loose Spectra tail on each loop.
You can also finish the ends of your flying lines without sleeving, which can be a handy option for repairing your line when you don't have a sleeving kit handy. Here's how to make this repair:
Hook the intact loop ends over something fixed (hook, fencepost, log) and stretch both lines out to their full length.
With even tension on both lines, use a permanent marker to make two tic marks across both lines - one about a foot from the end of the shorter line, and a second near the end of that same shorter line.
Fold each line so the tic marks match up, and use two overhand knots in a row to tie loops at the ends of the lines. Cut off any excess line.
Connect each of the lines to a pigtail with a Lark’s Head knot. (You can make your own pigtails using some bridle-weight line tied with an overhand knot.)
Pull evenly on both lines to check that they are the same length within 1/2”.