PART - II RAYS AND OPTICAL BEAMS

PART-II     RAYS AND OPTICAL BEAMS

                                       II-1   OPTICS and the VARIATIONAL PRINCIPLE                                                                                                        

                                       II-2   REFRACTION at ASPHERICAL SURFACES      

                                       II-3   REFRACTION AT SPHERICAL SURFACES          
                                                  Ray tracing using Snell's law and the "paraxial approximation"

                                       II-4   ABERRATIONS

                                       II-5   DESIGN OF OPTICAL INSTRUMENTS              
                                                  The Koehler illumination

                                       II-6  GAUSSIAN BEAMS