Pathway: Accounting; Management & Entrepreneurship
Elective Course
Suggested Grade Level: 10 – 12
Prerequisite: None
Max. G.P.A.: 4.0 Credits: ½ year courses / 1.0 Performance Based Credit per course
Course Description: This course uses an integrated approach to teach accounting. Students first learn how businesses plan for and evaluate their operating, financing, and investing decisions and then how accounting systems gather and provide data to internal and external decisions makers. This year-long course covers all the learning objectives of a traditional college level financial accounting course, plus those from a managerial accounting course. Topics include an introduction to accounting, accounting information systems, time value of money, and accounting for merchandising firms, sales and receivables, fixed assets, debt and equity. Other topics include statement of cash flows, financial ratios, cost-volume profit analysis and variance analysis. Leadership development will be provided through FBLA and/or DECA.
Two years World Language required for college prep program
Suggested Grade Level: 9-12
Prerequisites: “A” in French 1 and/or Teacher Recommendation
Max. G.P.A.: 4.0 Credits: 1.0
Course Description: Level 2 in the French language continues development in the four basic language skills: listening comprehension, speaking, reading, and writing. Students will be able to speak, listen, read and write using a variety of tenses to explain the past and the future. Emphasis continues on the culture, customs, and traditions of the French-speaking people. This course utilizes more complex material and command of the four main skills (reading, writing, speaking and listening) that challenge students to develop higher level thinking skills than the French 2 course. It is strongly recommended that this course immediately follow French 1.
Elective Course
Suggested Grade Level: 10-12
Prerequisites:
Max GPA.: 5.0 Credits: 1.0
Course Description: AP European History is designed to be the equivalent of a two-semester introductory college or university European history course. In AP European History students investigate significant events, individuals, developments, and processes in four historical periods from approximately 1450 to the present. Students develop and use the same skills, practices, and methods employed by historians: analyzing primary and secondary sources; developing historical arguments; making historical comparisons; and utilizing reasoning about contextualization, causation, and continuity and change over time. The course also provides six themes that students explore throughout the course in order to make connections among historical developments in different times and places: interaction of Europe and the world; poverty and prosperity; objective knowledge and subjective visions; states and other institutions of power; individual and society; and national and European identity. College credit is earned with a qualifying score on an AP exam. NOTE: Unless further supplemented to incorporate all five sub domains, this course does not fulfill the Program of Studies, and therefore cannot be used as one of the three social studies credits required for graduation. Students must meet eligibility requirements and must take the A. P. exam to receive the weighted GPA and the Advanced Placement course title on the transcript.
Elective Course
Suggested Grade Level: 11-12
Prerequisites: “B” in French 3 and Teacher Recommendation
Max. G.P.A.: 5.0 Credits: 1.0
Course Description: This advanced placement course in French language has as its goal a certain level of proficiency in French: students are expected to be able to understand, speak, read, and write the language at an advanced level, in preparation for the Advanced Placement Exam. Students must meet eligibility requirements and must take the A. P. exam to receive the weighted GPA and the Advanced Placement course title on the transcript.
Elective Course
Suggested Grade Level: 10-12
Prerequisite: Instructor Approval
Max. G.P.A.: 5.0 Credits: 1.0
Course Description: Study of music theory, voice-leading/progressions, notation, and ear-training. Through textbook exercises, workbook activities, computer-based drill and practice, and music listening, students will develop a strong basic understanding of how music is constructed and written. The AP examination is available for students at the conclusion of the course. Fees charged to cover the cost of consumables. Students must meet eligibility requirements and must take the A.P. exam in May to receive the weighted GPA and the Advanced Placement Course Title on the transcript.
Elective Course
Suggested Grade Level: 11-12
Prerequisite: “A” in US History OR AP US History; US History teacher recommendation
Max G.P.A.: 5.0 Credits: 1.0
Course Description: The purpose of the AP course in Psychology is to introduce the systematic and scientific study of the behavior and mental processes of human beings and other animals. Included is a consideration the psychological facts, principles and phenomena associated with each of the major subfields within psychology and the methods psychologists use in their science and practice. Students also learn about the ethics and methods psychologists use in their science and practice. An introductory college course in psychology is generally one semester in length, with some variation among colleges. An AP course in psychology need not follow any specific college curriculum. Rather, the aim is to provide a learning experience equivalent to that obtained in most college introductory psychology courses. Students must meet eligibility requirements and must take the A.P. exam in May to receive the weighted GPA and the Advanced Placement Course Title on the transcript.
Elective course
Suggested Grade Level: 11-12
Prerequisites: B in or better in Spanish 3 (General Spanish studies / Pre-AP) or Spanish teacher approval
JCTC College Dual Credit: Must have college dual credit received for Spanish 101
Max. G.P.A.: 5.0 Credit: 2.0
Course Description: A.P. Spanish expands upon the skills acquired in Spanish 1, 2, and 3. Extensive oral communication and listening comprehension are stressed on a daily basis. Reading of authentic material and writing in Spanish are emphasized. Various aspects of culture, customs, traditions, current events, history and politics of Spanish speaking countries will also be studied. The entire course is in preparation for the Advanced Placement
Exam. Students in this course are required to take the A.P. examination. Students must meet eligibility requirements and must take the A.P. exam in May to receive the weighted GPA and the Advanced Placement Course Title on the transcript.
Elective Course
Suggested Grade Level 11-12
Prerequisite: At least 2 years of Studio Art Courses and Art Teacher Approval
Max. G.P.A.: 5.0 Credits: 1.0
Course Description: This course is an individualized college level program concentrating in one of three portfolio areas: 2D Design, 3D Design and Drawing. Each student in this course will plan and develop a body of work to be critiqued and scored by the teacher. It will then be scored by College Board for AP Studio Art. The portfolio must consist of a minimum of 25 pieces in the student’s area of concentration. Note: Students are required to turn in an AP art portfolio in order to receive weighted credit and have the course listed as an AP course on the transcript.
Elective Course
Suggested Grade Level: 11-12
Prerequisite: “A” in US History and Teacher Recommendation
Max G.P.A.: 5.0 Credits: 1.0
Course Description: This course provides an analytical perspective on government and politics in the United States. The course involves both the study of general concepts used to interpret U.S. politics and the analysis of specific case studies. It also requires familiarity with the various institutions, groups, beliefs, and ideas that constitute U.S. political reality. Topics include: public policy, civil rights and civil liberties, institutions of National Government, and political beliefs and behaviors. Students must produce a proficient writing piece to pass this class. To receive weighted credit, students must take the AP Exam. Students must meet eligibility requirements and must take the A.P. exam in May to receive the weighted GPA and the Advanced Placement Course Title on the transcript.
Two years World Language required for college prep program
Suggested Grade Level: 9-12
Prerequisites: A in Spanish 1 or teacher recommendation
Max. G.P.A. 4.0 Credit: 1.0
Course Description: Spanish 2 uses Spanish 1 as its foundation. Through acquisition of additional vocabulary and additional grammatical structures, Spanish 2 students will continue their development of the four basic language skills: listening comprehension, speaking, reading and writing. Various aspects of culture, customs, and traditions of Spanish speaking countries will also be studied. This course utilizes more complex material in order to develop command of the four main skills (reading, writing, speaking and listening) that challenge students to develop higher level thinking skills. It is recommended that this course immediately follows Spanish 1.
Elective course
Suggested Grade Level: 10-12
Prerequisites: B or better in Advanced Spanish 2 or Spanish teacher approval
Max. G.P.A.: 4.0 Credit: 1.0
Course Description: Additional emphasis is placed on oral communication as well as listening comprehension. Students will be expected to write accurately in Spanish while more complex reading passages will promote an increased understanding of the language. Various aspects of culture, customs, traditions, current events, history and politics of Spanish speaking countries will also be studied. Although this course is not required, it is strongly recommended for students who are planning to attend college.
Pathway: Agricultural Power, Structural, Technical Systems
Elective Course
Suggested Grade Level: 10-12
Prerequisites: Principles of Agricultural Science and Technology; Agriscience; and Agriculture Teacher Approval
Max G.P.A.: 4.0 Credits: 1.0
Course Description: Prepares students to construct and maintain agricultural structures and equipment. Develops basic skills such as: tool identification, interpreting plans, calculating a bill of materials, electrification, carpentry, welding, metal fabrication, plumbing, and masonry. Leadership development will be provided through FFA activities.
Pathway: Agricultural Power, Structural, Technical Systems
Elective Course
Suggested Grade Level: 12
Prerequisite: Principles of Agricultural Science and Technology; Agriscience; Agricultural Construction Skills; Agriculture Teacher Approval
Max. G.P.A.: 4.0 Credits: 1.0
Course Description: This course prepares students to design, evaluate and interpret construction plans and calculate a bill of materials. Students will be involved in extensive hands-on activities in a laboratory setting. Areas of study include woodworking, welding, electricity, concrete, and site preparation.
Elective Course
Suggested Grade Level: 9-12
Prerequisite: Election or Appointment to ASB Office
Max. G.P.A.: 4.0 Credits: 1.0
Course Description: Students learn the techniques and procedures of the democratic process. Students will develop a working knowledge of parliamentary procedure, public speaking, and elements of public leadership. These skills are practiced and refined through the day-to-day participation and design of various school related activities and events. Election or appointment to a designated ASB Office requires enrollment in this course.
Suggested Grade Level: 11-12
Prerequisites: Approval from Guidance Counselor and principal at Buckner Alternative High School
MAX. G.P.A.: 0.0 Credit: 0.0
Course Description: This course is available for those students who have previously taken courses needed to meet graduation requirements and did not pass those courses. BAHS Credit Recovery is located in a computer lab at Buckner Alternative High School where students retake the course online through a school designated online program. Once the needed course is completed, the grade/credit will be added to the student’s transcript. This is a more intensive credit recovery option.
Elective Course
Suggested Grade Level: 10-12
Prerequisites: None
Max. G.P.A.: 4.0 Credits: 1.0
Course Description: This course is an academic study of selected narratives, characters, discourses, proverbs, and poetry from the Hebrew Scriptures (Old Testament) and a literary overview of the New Testament. The course demonstrates the literary qualities of the Bible. It also shows clearly how a basic knowledge of the characters, themes, and motifs of the Bible are important for understanding Western literature and American historical documents. An additional feature of the course is the impact translations of the Bible have had on the English language itself.
Elective Course
Suggested Grade Level: 10-12
Prerequisite: Application and teacher recommendation, INTRODUCTION TO MEDIA ARTS course strongly recommended
Max. G.P.A.: 4.0 Credits: 1.0
Course Description: Students will learn the ethics of newsgathering as they research news and apply a variety of methods, including interviewing. These methods will be utilized for students to broadcast topics relating to sports, features, weather, and current events, to the school and community. Students will explore the technological aspect of broadcasting, by working with Adobe Suite Software, Premiere, and Photoshop using the digital camera, editing tape, layering graphics, sound, and videos, and other techniques. In addition, the nature of public speaking will be examined, while stressing the importance of cooperation, organization, and meeting deadlines.
Pathway: Accounting; Business Management
Elective Course
Suggested Grade Level: 11-12
Prerequisite: None
Max. G.P.A.: 4.0 Credits: 1.0 Performance Based Credit / One Semester Course
Course Description: This course emphasizes the skills needed for managing a business that involves the selection and supervision of employees including efficient use of time, personnel, facilities, and financial resources. Students will explore forms of business ownership; typical business organizational structure; product or service promotion in business; effective communications; human relations skills required in dealing with employees; and effective management strategies used in personnel, finance, production, marketing, and information processing. Leadership development will be provided through FBLA and/or DECA.
Pathway: Accounting; Business Management
Elective Course
Suggested Grade Level: 9 – 10
Prerequisite: None
Max. G.P.A.: 4.0 Credits: 1.0
Course Description: This course establishes basic foundations for further study in business and marketing courses and provides essential information for making financial and economic decisions. Students learn about the fundamentals of the American free enterprise system and world economies; application of sound money management for personal and family finances; credit management; consumer rights and responsibilities; forms of business ownership; risk and insurance; and the importance of international trade. Leadership development will be provided through FBLA and/or DECA.
Pathway:
Elective Course
Suggested Grade Level 10-12
Prerequisite: None
Max. G.P.A.: 4.0 Credits: ½ year courses / 1.0 Performance Based Credit per course
Course Description: This course is a comprehensive laboratory course providing the student with meaningful experiences in working with wood related tools, machines, and processes. The content includes activities and instruction in all of the following areas: wood technology, cabinet making, and wood finishing.
Elective Course
Suggested Grade Level: 10-12
Prerequisites: TB Test as required by the state guidelines for anyone working in a daycare environment
Max. G.P.A.: 4.0 Credit: 1.0 Course
Description: This course is a hands-on lab experience in a daycare environment. Students will interact with children at various stages of human development. Activities include but are not limited to reading with children, playing with children, assisting teacher preparing lessons, etc.
Pathway: Fundamentals of Teaching; Early Childhood Education
Elective Course
Suggested Grade Levels: 10-12
Prerequisites: None -- Encouraged to take Child Care Development -- Special Topics with this course
Max. G.P.A.: 4.0 Credits: 1.0
Course Description: This course provides training for entry-level positions in day care centers, nurseries, kindergartens, and private homes. Students study careers in child development, child development and guidance, children’s health and well-being in group care, value of play, teaching strategies and management, and curriculum development. The subject content is reinforced with work experience in a variety of child care establishments.
Pathway: Fundamentals of Teaching; Early Childhood Education
Elective Course
Suggested Grade Levels: 10-12
Prerequisites: Child Care Development 1; Encouraged to take Child Care Development -- Special Topics with this course
Max. G.P.A.: 4.0 Credits: 1.0
Course Description: Preparation for developing and managing effective child care programs and facilities. Includes instruction in the management of financial operations; selecting and developing facilities; selecting staff and staffing patterns; providing for staff development opportunities; developing a total program for children and working with parents, community organizations and others concerned with children.
Elective Course
Suggested Grade Level: 9 –12
Prerequisites: teacher approval by audition
Max. G.P.A.: 4.0 Credits: 1.0
Course Description: The students will continue to develop their vocal skills, sight-singing ability, musicality and musical understanding. A wide variety of musical styles will be studied including Renaissance, Baroque, some Twentieth Century and popular music. Performances are required. Participation in all KMEA sanctioned events will be required. Participation in this class is by audition.
Pathway: Accounting
Elective Course
Suggested Grade Level: 10 – 12
Prerequisite: Accounting and Finance Foundations
Max. G.P.A.: 4.0 C
Credits: ½ year courses / 1.0 Performance Based Credit per course
Course Description: The accounting principles taught in this course include an in-depth study of accounting principles, procedures, and techniques used in keeping financial records for sole proprietorships, partnerships, and corporations. There is an emphasis on automated accounting. Topics include a more analytical approach to accounting. Leadership development will be provided through FBLA and/or DECA.
Elective Course (does not count as the PE requirement for graduation)
Grade: 9-12
Prerequisite: None
Max. G.P.A. 4.0 Credits 0.5
Course Description: This course emphasizes improvement in flexibility, strength, and endurance. Weight training fundamentals are included with safety highlighted throughout the course. This course will incorporate all aspects of strength and conditioning including education in proper weightlifting technique, nutrition, recovery, and goal setting. Students will pre-assess and post-assess strength and fitness levels throughout the semester while engaging in a rigorous strength and conditioning program. This course is a normal graded course. Attendance will be treated as if it is a class taken during the normal school day.
Pathway: Consumer and Family Management
Elective Course
Suggested Grade Levels: 10-12
Prerequisites: None
Max. G.P.A.: 4.0 Credits: 1.0 Performance Based Credit / One Semester Course
Course Description: Foods and Nutrition course is designed to assist students in making critical decisions about food, which contributes to health and well-being. Laboratory instruction is included as an application process by preparing a variety of food products such as: yeast breads, stir-fry, sauces, casseroles, pies, soup, etc. Practical problems addressed related to attitudes toward food, nutrition facts, special health concerns and diets, management of food resources, preparation skills, food safety, sanitation and careers in nutrition and food service. Leadership development will be provided through the Family, Career and Community Leaders of America. (Lab fee required) The coursework for this class is composed of 50% Participation, 10% Tests and 40% Daily Assignments.
Elective Course
Suggested Grade Levels: 9-12
Prerequisites: None
Max. G.P.A.: 4.0 Credits: 1.0
Course Description:This course provides students with the foundation in content and skills associated with robotics and automation, including artificial intelligence, electronics, physics, and principles of engineering. Participation in Kentucky Technology Student Association will greatly enhance instruction.
Elective Course -- Two years World Language required for college prep program
Suggested Grade Level: 9-12
Prerequisite: Freshmen must be recommended and enrolled in Advanced English 1.
Max. G.P.A.: 4.0 Credits: 1.0
Course Description: The development of the four basic language skills is stressed: listening comprehension, speaking, reading, and writing. Students will be able to speak about everyday topics with moderate accuracy and understand conversation about these topics when they hear it. The learner will have ample opportunity to practice his reading/writing skills based on their conversational ability. Also emphasized are the culture, customs, and traditions of the French-speaking people.
Elective Course -- Two years World Language required for college prep program
Suggested Grade Level: 10-12
Prerequisites: C in French 1
Max. G.P.A.: 4.0 Credits: 1.0
Course Description: Level 2 in the French language continues development in the four basic language skills: listening comprehension, speaking, reading, and writing. Students will be able to speak, listen, read and write using a variety of tenses to explain the past and the future. Emphasis continues on the culture, customs, and traditions of the French-speaking people. It is strongly recommended that this course immediately follow French 1.
Elective Course
Suggested Grade Level: 11-12
Prerequisites: “B” in French 2 and Teacher Recommendation
Max. G.P.A.: 4.0 Credits: 1.0
Course Description: Level 3 in the French language continues development in the four basic language skills: listening comprehension, speaking, reading, and writing. Emphasis continues on the culture, customs, and traditions of the French-speaking people. An introduction to literary readings is offered.
Pathway: Horticulture and Plant Science Systems
Elective Course
Suggested Grade Level: 10 – 12
Prerequisite: Principles of Agricultural Science and Technology; Agriscience; and Agriculture Teacher Approval
Max. G.P.A.: 4.0 Credits: 1.0 Performance Based Credit / One Semester Course
Course Description: This course provides instruction in home and commercial landscaping with emphasis on site development, plant selection, landscape drawing, and preparing bids and installation contracts. This course also provides instruction in greenhouse construction, plant propagation, plant growth, and commercial greenhouse crop production. Extensive laboratory experiences are provided. Leadership development will be provided through FFA activities.
Elective Course
Suggested Grade Level: 12
Prerequisite: US History and a GPA of 2.8 and/or teacher recommendation.
*Please be aware that R-rated films are sometimes shown. Students will need a permission slip from a parent to watch these movies when the class begins.
Max. G.P.A.: 4.0 Credits: 1.0
Course Description: This is an in-depth History elective that will examine key elements of U.S. History through Hollywood feature films and historical literature as historical evidence. Students will view movies and read various pieces of literature on various topics and participate in Socratic seminar discussions. Students will write essays comparing film evidence to information in more traditional sources (e.g... articles, film reviews and critical commentaries). The course is based around several broad questions: Is film/literature a legitimate historical source? To what extent is film/literature evidence legitimate? What determines the legitimacy or illegitimacy of film/literature evidence? Is film/literature evidence ever better than traditional historical sources? Can Hollywood films/literature be used to teach history?
Pathway: Horticulture and Plant Science Systems
Elective Course
Suggested Grade Level: 10-12
Prerequisites: Principles of Agricultural Science and Technology; Agriscience; and Agriculture Teacher Approval
Max. G.P.A.: 4.0 Credits: 1.0 Performance Based Credit / One Semester Course
Course Description: This course is a study of agronomy and related sciences. Emphasis on soil and land use evaluation and the relationship of plants and soils to the environment. Leadership and career building skills included in course work. Leadership development will be provided through FFA.
Elective Course
Suggested Grade Level 9-10
Prerequisite: None
Max. G.P.A.: 4.0 Credits: 1.0
Course Description: This course introduces students to journalism course opportunities at Oldham County High School. Students will develop the knowledge, skills, and disposition needed to understand and use media as informed and active citizens.
Elective Course
Suggested Grade Level: 10-12
Prerequisites: participation in OCHS Symphonic Band/Percussion Techniques and/or teacher approval; Saxophone, trumpet, trombone, and rhythm section
(Piano, drums, guitar, bass) AN AUDITION IS REQUIRED before you will be allowed to register for this course Max GPA: 4.0 Credits: 1.0
Course Description: This course is designed to be an extension of students’ experience in Symphonic Band and/or Percussion techniques classes—not as a replacement for them. Wind players wishing to learn a doubling instrument (i.e.: euphonium to trombone; clarinet to saxophone) will be allowed to audition, but must be prepared to provide their own doubling instrument. Rhythm section students not in regular band classes are encouraged to audition and take the course as an elective.
Students will perform a minimum of two concerts (one each semester). Music to be studied and performed will encompass literature from “big band” jazz and contemporary styles. Study of basic improvisation techniques through SmartMusic exercises and published literature, major, minor and modal scales used in improvisation, and a wide variety of popular music styles will be rehearsed and performed in public.
-Fees will be charged to cover the costs of travel and consumables.
Offered at JCTC Carrollton
Suggested Grade Level: 12
Prerequisite: Must have received college dual credit for English 101 or pass the AP English Language Exam with a score of 3 or better. Must have qualifying ACT or Compass Score to receive university credit.
*Benchmark scores for JCTC College Dual Credit: ACT English 18+ and ACT Reading 20+ OR SAT Writing 430+ and SAT Reading 47+
Max. GPA: 4.0 Credits: 1.0
Course Description: Gives platform experience in the fundamentals of effective speaking.
Offered at JCTC Carrollton
Suggested Grade Level: 12
Prerequisite: None Must have qualifying ACT to receive university credit.
*Benchmark scores for JCTC College Dual Credit: ACT English 18+ and ACT Reading 20+ OR SAT Writing 430+ and SAT Reading 47+
Max. GPA: 4.0 Credits: 1.0
Course Description: Introduces students to a comparative analysis of world religions, emphasizing beliefs,
Pathway: Accounting
Offered at OCHS
Suggested Grade Level 10-12
Prerequisite: None
Max. GPA: 4.0 Credits: 1.0
Course Description: Provides an introduction to the computer and the convergence of technology as used in today’s global environment. Introduces topics including computer hardware, software, file management, the Internet, e-mail, the social web. Green computing, security and computer ethics. Presents basic use of application, programming, systems, and utility software. Basic keyboarding skills are strongly recommended.
Offered at JCTC Carrollton
Suggested Grade Level: 12
Prerequisite: None. Must have qualifying ACT Score to receive university credit.
*Benchmark scores for JCTC College Dual Credit: ACT English 18+ and ACT Reading 20+ OR SAT Writing 430+ and SAT Reading 47+
Course Description: Introduces the history, methods and content of modern psychology. Covers the history and systems of psychology, psychological research, psychological psychology, psychological processes, developmental psychology, personality, abnormal behavior and social psychology.
Offered at OCHS
Suggested Grade Level: 11-12
Prerequisite: None
Max. GPA: 4.0 Credits: 1.0 semester long course
Course Description: Sociology 101 fulfills part of the requirements of core curriculum. The purpose of this curriculum is to help students develop a number of skills and perspectives that can be used throughout their lives. Core courses should help students understand the history, contemporary society, and the future responsibilities to their society and other societies of the world. Students completing core courses should come out of them with greater sense of justice, improvement in their critical judgment, and a sense of how to continue to apply humanistic values in a world characterized by rapid change.
Offered at OCHS and Carrollton
Elective
Suggested Grade Level 12
Prerequisites: None
Max. G.P.A.: 4.0 Credits: 1.0
Course Description: A multicultural survey of world cultures and global issues from the ancient to medieval times.
Offered at OCHS and Carrollton
Suggested Grade Level: 11-12
Prerequisite: None
Max. GPA: 4.0 Credits: 1.0 semester long course
Course Description: Presents a multicultural survey of world cultures and contemporary global issues from 1600 to the present.
Elective Course
Suggested Grade Level: 10 - 12
Prerequisite: Application and teacher recommendation
Max. G.P.A.: 4.0 Credits: 1.0
Course Description: The newspaper staff prepares the school newspaper for publication. Staff members plan the scope of the paper for each section, which includes: news, editorials, features, and sports. Through deadlines, they learn and apply the ethics of newsgathering as they research articles using a variety of methods including interviewing. Staff members then draft and edit articles using desktop publishing as well as design page layouts including original student photographs and illustrations. Students also handle distribution and advertising sales, which finance the newspaper.
Elective Course
Suggested Grade Level: 11-12
Prerequisite: Economics/Government or A.P. Human Geography with a GPA of 2.8 and/or teacher recommendation.
Max G.P.A.: 4.0 Credits: 1.0
Course Description: The major goal of this course is to provide a broad overview of the field of forensic psychology and an introduction to the people and procedures of the criminal justice system. Forensic Psychology will address the application of psychological research, methods, and expertise that come before the legal system. Some topics may include insanity, competency, jury-selection, expert-testimony, decision-making, dangerousness, interrogations, and the general nature of criminals. The topics of the study of Criminal Justice will include the history of the criminal justice system in America, prevention and causes of crime, modern police procedures and personnel, victims’ rights and the rights of the accused, correction including prison, parole and probation, a comparison between criminal and civil law procedures, and studies concerning the costs of crime.
Elective
Suggested Grade Level: 10-12
Prerequisites: Two Teacher Recommendation forms must be filled out. See library staff to pick up the form.
Two students per period will be accepted.
MAX. G.P.A.: 4.0 Credit: 1.0 (all year course)
Course Description: Students will learn entry level skills necessary to work in a library and gain valuable research skills. Library Aides will be trained to: work the circulation desk, shelf read, shelve books, assist students with research, run the copiers, process new magazines, newspaper, books & repair computers and work with computers. In addition to daily responsibilities, students will contribute to assisting their peers in the library with technology programs and technology issues as they arise and have the opportunity to earn Microsoft Office Specialist (MOS) certifications in Word, Powerpoint, and Excel. Students will also participate in Student Technology Leadership Program (STLP). Students should have a love of books and/or computers/technology, be able to work independently, be self-motivated, be accurate and detail oriented, have an interest in helping others, be trustworthy and responsible, and have excellent behavior and attendance.
Elective Course
Suggested Grade Level: 10 - 12
Prerequisite: Application and teacher recommendation
Max. G.P.A.: 4.0 Credits: 1.0
Course Description: Students will develop their writing and editing skills through a workshop style class. Students will be critiqued by their teacher and an audience of their peers. All writing is geared toward publication in written form. Written form includes but is not limited to the literary magazine the class produces and poetry jam. Students will maintain and submit a portfolio of original work completed throughout the year. Work completed for the course may draw from a variety of genres which include both visual and written pieces. The students must also run the daily business of a literary magazine, recruiting submissions from the larger student body, editing the submissions, and publishing a literary magazine that is representative of the student body. The magazine will consist of writing, in all of its forms, juxtaposed with symbolic art that comments on the themes of the magazine.
Pathway: Consumer and Family Management
Elective Course
Suggested Grade Levels: 10-12
Prerequisites: None
Max. G.P.A.: 4.0 Credits: 1.0 Performance Based Credit / One Semester Course
Course Description: Money Skills course is designed to prepare students to understand and use sound financial management skills and practices contributing to financial stability, improving the quality of life for individuals and families. Decision-making, problem solving, goal setting and using technology are integrated throughout the content, along with Dave Ramsey’s Financial School Curriculum. (Fee required to purchase technology, workbooks and site licenses)
Course Description: Student has applied and has been accepted to MSU CRAFT Academy. Students will receive college dual credit and high school credit for courses taken while remaining a student at. Sophomores apply in the fall to attend both Junior and Senior year.
Pathway: Consumer and Family Management
Elective Course
Suggested Grade Level: 10-12
Prerequisites: None
Max. G.P.A.: 4.0 Credits: 1.0 Performance Based Credit / One Semester Course
Course Description: This course is designed to aid students in developing parenting and caregiving skills that can be applied in a variety of situations. Major topics include becoming an informed parent, understanding prenatal development, caring for the newborn, being an effective parent/caregiver, caring for the sick and elderly and exploring career opportunities in caregiving. Leadership development will be provided through the Family, Career and Community Leaders of America. The coursework for this class is composed of 50% Participation, 10% Tests and 40% Daily Assignments. Fees for Field Trip(s) or materials may be necessary.
Elective Course
Suggested Grade Level: 12
Prerequisites: 2.25 GPA; Completed ILP; Identified Career Cluster; Have good attendance/discipline (confirmed by Counselor); Be a Senior on track for Graduation; Student Interview; Attend Mandatory Orientation Meeting; Have all paperwork turned into Instructor by set deadline.
****Must apply and sign contract. *****
Max. G.P.A.: 4.0 Credit: Maximum of 1.0 credit
(Students on track to graduate and are in good standing with Attendance/Behavior may be allowed to leave for more than one period.)
Course Description: Pathways to Careers is a vocational education program for students who, through an arrangement between school and community based organizations, combine school-based instruction with on-the-job work experience related to their occupational training areas, and/or career interest (ILP). Students may earn wages while gaining valuable work experience in realistic settings. Employers emphasize technical knowledge, work habits and attitudes, and interpersonal skills. These skills give the students a head start in the labor market and experience in securing part-time jobs while continuing their education. In addition, employers provide periodic evaluations of the students’ work performance. At any time during the school year, this privilege may be suspended due to academic or behavior concerns.
Elective
Prerequisites: Application and teacher recommendation
Grade Level: 10-12
MAX. G.P.A.: 4.0 Credit: 0.5 ** May take all year for 1.0 credit This is a PASS/FAIL course.
Course Description: Students serve as peer mentors to fellow students. At any time during the school year, this privilege may be suspended due to academic or behavior concerns.
Elective Course
Suggested Grade Levels: 9-12
Prerequisites: placement audition; participation in 8th grade band program at OCMS or EOMS; teacher approval; AUDITION REQUIRED.
Max G.P.A.: 4.0 Credit: 1.0
Course Description: All percussionists take this course in place of Symphonic Band (both semesters). All students must take a proficiency test (audition) prior to assignment. Students will perform a minimum of two concerts per semester, as well as individual evaluations via SmartMusic software and live performance. Performance in KMEA festivals (small and large ensemble) is required of all members. Attendance at one after-school rehearsal per week is a requirement of the course. Fees will be charged commensurate with travel and program expenses.
MARCHING BAND is required of all participants. Summer band camp is required for all members. This is a non-competitive group with after school rehearsals limited to one afternoon per week. The marching band will perform at all home football games and selected community events throughout the fall semester.
Pathways: Agricultural Education; Agricultural Power, Structural, Technical Systems; Animal Science Systems; Horticulture and Plant Science Systems
Elective Course
Suggested Grade Level: 9
Prerequisite: None
Max. G.P.A.: 4.0 Credits: ½ year courses / 1.0 Performance Based Credit per course; both courses taken concurrently.
Course Description: These courses are an introductory study of animal science, plant science, agricultural economics, record keeping, and agricultural mechanics. Practical application of technical knowledge is emphasized. Course work is designed to supplement and support student activities in science and math classes. Lab experiences outside the classroom are a large component of the work requirement. Leadership development will be provided through FFA activities.
Pathway: Management & Entrepreneurship
Elective Course
Suggested Grade Level: 11-12
Prerequisite: None
Max. G.P.A.: 4.0 Credits: 1.0
Course Description: This course provides a basic foundation for further study in marketing. Students study economic functions at work in the marketplace, marketing functions including purchasing, pricing, and distribution functions. This course is based on the business and marketing core that includes communication skills, economics, financial analysis, and promotion. Both marketing and employment skills learned will improve and increase the chance of successful transition into the world of work. Leadership development will be provided through FBLA and/or DECA.
Elective course
Suggested Grade Level: 10-12
Prerequisites: None
Max G.P.A.: 4.0 Credits: 1.0
Course Description: Psychology is the science that studies the behavior and thinking of organisms. The course will study individual behavior and how a person relates to several perspectives. Topics include: Introduction to Psychology, Personality, Abnormal Behavior, Intelligence, Stress, Alcohol and Drugs, Learning, Perception and Forensic Psychology.
Elective Course
Suggested Grade Level: 9 - 12
Prerequisite: None
Max. G.P.A.: 4.0 Credits: 1.0
Course Description: This is a performance-based class that encompasses training in areas of speech writing, delivering a variety of speeches (demonstrative, informative, persuasive, and entertaining), oral interpretation of literature (storytelling), small group dynamics, interviewing, and the physical training of the voice and body. Debate portion of the class will be done individually and in small groups and will focus on persuasive techniques, quick-thinking response activities, and creating a clearly identifiable position on a topic.
Pathway; Consumer and Family Management
Elective Course
Suggested Grade Level: 10-12
Prerequisites: None
Max. G.P.A.: 4.0 Credits: 1.0 Performance Based Credit / One Semester Course
Course Description: This course assists students to develop self-understanding, better understand others, improve interpersonal skills both within and outside the family, be more considerate of other person’s needs and property, and maintain mental and emotional wellness. Family Life education comprises a portion of this course, including dating and married relationships. Preparations for and the achievement of a successful marriage are emphasized. Leadership development will be provided through the Family, Career and Community Leaders of America. The coursework for this class is composed of 40% Participation, 20% Tests and 40% Daily Assignments.
Elective Course
Suggested Grade Level: 11-12
Prerequisite: Teacher recommendation, 3.0 GPA, and ACT
Max. G.P.A.: 4.0 Credits: 1.0
Course Description: This course provides opportunities for students with an interest in teaching to develop skills, strategies, and techniques used for instruction at various grade levels. Instruction addresses the principles and procedures for promoting the physical, emotional, social, and intellectual development of children, adolescents and developmentally appropriate practices in educational settings. Students will gain work experience in classrooms with certified teachers as part of their course work. Other components include the development of a four-year post-secondary plan, salaries and benefits of a teacher, job security, and future projections of the job market. Leadership experiences will be provided through a Career & Technical Student Organization. NOTE: Teacher Certification requirements for this course: Must have a Rank II valid teaching certificate, plus 5 years teaching experience.
Elective Course offered alternating years with Ceramics/Pottery
Suggested Grade Level 10 – 12
Prerequisite: VA1: Fundamentals of Art and Design OR Art Teacher Approval
Max. G.P.A.: 4.0 Credits: 1.0
Course Description: This course focuses on three-dimensional art techniques including additive, subtractive and molded forms. Students will work with a variety of materials including clay, plaster, wood, stone, paper Mache and found objects with emphasis on elements of art and principles of design. Safety issues and proper use of equipment will be addressed accordingly. There is a fee charged and additional supplies may be required.
Elective Course -- Two years World Language required for college prep
Suggested Grade: Level 9-12
Prerequisites: Freshmen must be recommended and enrolled in Advanced English 1.
Max. G.P.A.: 4.0 Credits: 1.0
Course Description: This is a proficiency-based course designed for the beginning Spanish learner. Teachers will encourage students to communicate in Spanish by developing the four modes of communication: listening, speaking, reading and writing. Students will begin to develop fluency as well as accuracy (with limited grammar structures) so that their proficiency may increase. Various cultural aspects such as the products, practices and perspectives found in Spanish speaking countries will also be studied.
Elective Course -- Two years World Language required for college prep program
Suggested Grade Level: 9-12
Prerequisites: Spanish 1
Max. G.P.A. 4.0 Credit: 1.0
Course Description: This is a proficiency-based course designed for the developing Spanish learner. Teachers will encourage students to increase their communication in Spanish by continuing to develop the four modes of communication: listening, speaking, reading and writing. Students will develop additional fluency as well as accuracy (with as needed grammar structures) so that their proficiency level may increase. Various cultural aspects such as the products, practices and perspectives found in Spanish speaking countries will also be studied. It is recommended that this course immediately follow Spanish 1.
Two years World Language required for college prep program
Suggested Grade Level: 9-12
Prerequisites: B or higher Developing Spanish 2 or Adv. Spa 2; Designed to proceed SPANISH 4: Spanish in the Workplace.
Max. G.P.A. 4.0 Credit: 1.0
Course Description: This proficiency-based course is mostly conversational with occasional grammar emphasis as needed to speak about past, future or hypothetical situations. Conversationally, students will be able to link strings of sentences together to communicate more complex thoughts as well as resolve problems and meet the needs of other people. Students’ communication skills will increasingly become more precise through proper word choice and richer vocabulary, thereby increasing proficiency toward using Spanish in the workplace.
Suggested Grade level 11-12 grades
Prerequisites: B or higher in Spanish 3 Proficiency or Adv. Spanish 3, OR teacher recommendation
Max. G.P.A: 4.0 Credits: 1.0
Course Descriptions: This is two semester course. First semester is Chicano Film Studies. Second semester is Spanish in the Workplace.
First semester includes film screenings, discussion and film reviews based on Chicano history as a backdrop for understanding sources of stereotypes, prejudice and discrimination toward Hispanics throughout the 1900s until today. Effective strategies for reducing modern day prejudice will be discussed as well as various views on immigration.
Second semester is a proficiency-based course focused on developing Spanish speaking skills for use in the workplace. Students will learn real world job-specific terminology for a variety of workplaces such as nursing/emergency care, retail, law enforcement, bilingual customer care, and bilingual child care/teaching. Emphasis will be on speaking and listening although other communication skills will be explored. Students will develop relevant cultural perspectives important for working with the Hispanic community. This class is not a prerequisite for AP Spanish.
Elective
Suggested Grade Level: 11-12
Prerequisites: Approval from Guidance Counselor
MAX. G.P.A.: 0.0 Credit: 0.0
Course Description: This course is available for those students who have previously taken a course needed to meet graduation requirements and did not pass the course. Credit Recovery is located in a computer lab where students retake the course online through a school designated online program (Edgenuity). Once the needed course is completed, the grade/credit will be added to the student’s transcript.
Elective Course
AUDITION REQUIRED
Suggested Grade Levels: 10 – 12
Prerequisites: placement audition; participation in 8th grade band program at OCMS or EOMS; teacher approval
Max. G.P.A.: 4.0 Credit: 1.0
Course Description: All students must take a proficiency test (audition) prior to assignment. Students will perform a minimum of two concerts per semester, as well as individual evaluations via SmartMusic software and live performance. Performance in KMEA festivals (small and large ensemble) is required of all members. Attendance at one after-school rehearsal per week is a requirement of the course. Fees will be charged commensurate with travel and program expenses.
MARCHING BAND is required of all participants. Summer band camp is required for all members. This is a non-competitive group with after school rehearsals limited to one afternoon per week. The marching band will perform at all home football games and selected community events throughout the fall semester.
Elective Course
Suggested Grade Level: 9 - 12
Prerequisites: must provide an approved band instrument; INSTRUCTOR APPROVAL Instruments: flute, clarinet, saxophone, trumpet, trombone
Max. GPA: 4.0 Credits: 1.0
Course Description: This course is designed to provide an opportunity for students at the high school level to learn to play a primary woodwind or brass band instrument. Students who may have had a year of band experience at the middle or elementary school level and wish to resume their study would also find this course interesting.
ALL students must provide their own instrument for use in this class. Instruments can be obtained from reputable music dealers in the area by rental agreement; instruments from other sources must be approved by the instructor before they can be used in class. The instructor will provide information regarding obtaining an instrument to students interested in the course.
Assembly and care procedures, tone production, music reading, fundamentals of performance (scales), and performance are the goals of the course. Students will perform one concert (spring semester) and participate in KMEA Solo and Ensemble event (graded performances). In addition, they will perform individual assessments using SmartMusic interactive music software. Text for the course is the Standard of Excellence Band Method, teacher generated materials, and published sheet music.
A basic fee to cover cost of the textbook and SmartMusic subscription for each student will be charged. Students who successfully complete the course will be prepared to move to Symphonic Band in subsequent years if they choose to continue.
Elective
Suggested Grade Level: 12
Prerequisites: Teacher/Principal Approval; Must have at least a 2.5 cumulative GPA after Junior year; Must be on track for graduation MAX. G.P.A.: 4.0 Credit: 0 (THIS IS A NON-CREDIT COURSE)
**May select ½ year or full year
Course Description: Students serve as a support within these various offices performing various duties when needed. Duties may include but are not limited to: copying, sorting, delivery, cleaning, inventory, mail, etc. At any time during the school year, this privilege may be suspended due to academic or behavior concerns.
Elective Course
Suggested Grade Level: 9-12
Prerequisite: None
Max. GPA: 4.0 Credits: 1.0
Course Description: Students enrolled in this performance-oriented class will learn the fundamentals of theatre. We will study theatre history, read plays, improve, perform pantomimes and monologues, and learn about backstage techniques.
Elective Course
Suggested Grade Level: 10-12
Prerequisite: None
Max. GPA: 4.0 Credits: 1.0
Course Description: Students develop experience and skill development in one or more aspects of theatrical production, concentrating on acting and performance skills. Introductory courses explore fundamental techniques. Advanced courses focus on extending and refining technique, expanding students’ exposure to different types of theatrical craft and traditions from varied social/historical contexts, and increasing their participation in publicly staged productions. These courses may also provide a discussion of career and post-secondary placement opportunities.
Elective Course
Suggested Grade Level: 10-12
Prerequisite: None
Max. GPA: 4.0 Credits: 1.0
Course Description: Students experience various aspects of Broadway Theater, including musicals and plays and the elements of auditioning, singing, acting, directing, and dancing. They review the history and evolution of Broadway Theater (musicals and plays), its literature and artists, and styles of composition/design and vocal/dance presentation. Students work collaboratively on performances, including solo, duet, and ensemble work. These courses may also provide a discussion of career and post-secondary placement opportunities.
Elective Course
Suggested Grade Level: 11-12
Prerequisite: None
Max. GPA: 4.0 Credits: 1.0
Course Description:: Students develop skills in translating a script into a final production and are usually taken after other drama courses. Directing courses enable each student to create an artistic vision and develop a personal aesthetic. Students are exposed to different types of theatrical techniques and traditions. They direct the performances of others (either in scenes or in a full production). These courses may also provide a discussion of career and post-secondary placement opportunities.
Elective Course
Suggested Grade Level: 11-12
Prerequisite: None
Max. GPA: 4.0 Credits: 1.0
Course Description: Theatrical Production and Management courses prepare individuals to manage the planning, design, preparation, and production of plays and other theatrical performances. These courses include instruction in theatrical design, program management, dramatic production, rehearsal management, personnel management and casting, actor coaching, directing concepts and techniques, theater history, scene work, script interpretation, business management, marketing, public relations, and communications skills. These courses may also provide a discussion of career and post-secondary placement opportunities.
UNIVERSITY OF LOUISVILLE COLLEGE DUAL CREDIT PROGRAM
Course Description: Student has applied, met ACT benchmark requirements, and in the process of being accepted to the University of Louisville Dual Credit Program. Students will receive college dual credit and high school credit for courses taken while remaining a student of Oldham County High School. Juniors apply during March for their Senior year.
Elective course / College Coursework available
Suggested Grade Level: 12
Prerequisites: 2.5 cumulative G.P.A. Counselors/Teachers recommendation; student must be on schedule to graduate with class and have good attendance. Student must complete an interview with a UPS representative and be selected for the program.
Max. G.P.A.: 4.0 Credits: 4.0
Course Description: The UPS School-to-Work program in Louisville, Kentucky began in 1996 as a community service initiative designed to give high school seniors an opportunity to gain valuable work experience as well as earn college credits by taking preliminary college courses. Students in the program attend classes at their high school in the morning, work at UPS as package handlers from approximately 11 a.m. to 3 p.m. and take a Jefferson Community and Technical College course twice a week in the UPS classroom. All students are required to be 17 years old prior to start, have a minimum grade point average of 2.5, good attendance, and a recommendation from their school counselor before entering the program. As a UPS employee, the students receive a benefits package that includes health coverage, a 401K plan, vacation pay, and a starting salary of $10.35 an hour.
The School-to-Work program has been chosen to serve as a feeder program for Metropolitan College – a program created to recruit approximately 2,200 of the 6,000 additional workers needed to support the UPS hub expansion in Louisville. Metropolitan College is a virtual university facilitated by UPS, college education and a part-time job at UPS. As students graduate from the School-to-Work program the University of Louisville and Jefferson Community and Technical College (JCTC) that offers students a free they are encouraged to pursue a college career via a seamless transition into the Metropolitan College program. At any time during the school year, this privilege may be suspended due to academic or behavior concerns.
Elective Course
Suggested Grade Level 9 – 12
Prerequisite: None
Max. G.P.A.: 4.0 Credits: 1.0
Course Description: Students are introduced to the basic fundamentals of artistic expression. The course includes experiences in drawing, painting, two-and three-dimensional design, sculpture, and other art forms. The course emphasizes observations, interpretation of the visual environment, visual communication, imagination and symbolism, and an introduction to various visual arts techniques and media. The focus of the course is on application of the fundamental processes of artistic expression and application of the concepts and approaches in the symbolic aspects of art and design to two- and three-dimensional problems so that they demonstrate a range of abilities and versatility with technique, problem solving, and ideation. A study of historical and contemporary art and artists from a worldwide perspective, and instruction and practice in peer review through the critique process, presentation or their, responding to art and connecting their art to the world around them are included. There is a fee charged and additional supplies may be required.
Elective Course
Suggested Grade Level 10 – 12
Prerequisite: None
Max. G.P.A.: 4.0 Credits: 1.0
Course Description:Students explore an art form, obtaining knowledge in that form to plan and create individual works of art based on such knowledge, while following and breaking from traditional conventions. Students examine the language, materials, media, and processes of that particular art form and the fundamental processes of artistic expression supporting a work. Advanced instruction encourages students to develop their own artistic styles. Although Comprehensive Visual Arts courses focus on creation, inclusion of the study and analysis of major artists, art movements, and styles is included. In completing this course, students consider various techniques, methods, venues, and criteria for analyzing and selecting their art for preservation and presentation, including evolving technologies when preparing and refining artwork for display. There is a fee charged and additional supplies may be required.
Elective Course
Suggested Grade Level 11 – 12
Prerequisite: None
Max. G.P.A.: 4.0 Credits: 1.0
Course Description: Art Portfolio is designed to address a variety of factors and methods including evolving technologies when preparing and refining artwork for portfolio presentation and or when deciding if and how to preserve and protect art. Students will create, select, respond to, and present work that clearly reflects newly obtained technical skills, increasing conceptual thinking and is a reflection of their personal interests and may serve as an opportunity for students to expand their expertise in a particular form or style, to explore a topic in greater detail, or to develop more advanced skills. Individual critique and planned peer review will help students prepare for future endeavors. This course covers any identified Visual Arts discipline. There is a fee charged and additional supplies may be required.
Elective course
Suggested Grade Level: 9-12
Prerequisites: None
Max. G.P.A.: 4.0 Credits: 1.0
Course Description: The Men’s Choir is an entry level ensemble of men grades 9 – 12. It is a two-semester course in which the student may earn one unit of Fine Arts credit. The curriculum is designed to help singers understand and develop the changing male voice, ear-training, sight singing skills and competency in reading three and four part voicing. Phonetics of various languages and a variety of musical styles are presented. Class work includes singing exercise to build, strengthen and carefully guide the voice through its development, improve diction, breath support and resonance. Music Theory and Music History are also included in daily instruction. Sight singing technique will be included on a daily basis, as well as assessments. Additional work includes singing in small ensembles, and required evening performances.
Elective course
Suggested Grade Level: 9-12
Prerequisites: None
Max. G.P.A.: 4.0 Credits: 1.0
Course Description: This class is designed for treble voices (SSA). A variety of musical styles are explored. Students will learn proper vocal technique and learn to sight-sing. Performances and participation in KMEA events will be required.
Elective Course
Suggest Grade Level: 10-12
Prerequisites: Teacher Approval by audition
Max. G.P.A.: 4.0 Credits: 1.0
Course Description: This class is designed for highly qualified treble voices to perform music through a variety of styles and periods requiring advanced vocal techniques. Each member must demonstrate excellent vocal technique and musicianship to participate in this ensemble. Performances and participation in KMEA events are required. Auditions will be held in the spring for this class.
Elective Course
Suggested Grade Level: 10-12
Prerequisites: teacher approval by audition
Max GPA.: 4.0 Credits: 1.0
Course Description: This is small chamber ensemble that is designed for highly qualified male voices to perform music through a variety of styles. Each member must demonstrate excellent vocal technique and independent musicianship to participate in this ensemble. Performances and participation in KMEA events are required. Auditions will be held in the spring for this class.
Course Description: Student has applied has been accepted to WKU GATTON ACADEMY. Students will receive college dual credit and high school credit for courses taken while remaining a student at. Sophomores apply in the fall to attend both Junior and Senior year.
Pathway: Cabinetmaker
Elective Course
Suggested Grade Level 11-12
Prerequisite: Cabinet Making Technology AND Wood Finishing
Max. G.P.A.: 4.0 Credits: 1.0
Course Description: This course is a continuation of woodworking with the emphasis being only on cabinet making. The student will be required to design and construct a medium to large piece of furniture that expresses a higher quality of workmanship and design. A great deal of emphasis will be placed on safety and operation of hand tools and machines as well as encouraging the student to be independent from the instructor and classmates.
Elective Course
Suggested Grade Level: 11 - 12
Prerequisite: Application and teacher recommendation
Max. G.P.A.: 4.0 Credits: 1.0
Course Description: The yearbook staff organizes the book, prepares page layouts, takes and develops photographs, writes copy, designs the cover, sells advertising, and keeps financial records of all sales. All of these skills are taught through the guidance of an adviser and several student editors. Students learn the importance of cooperation, organization, and meeting deadlines.