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Remittances - Money earned by emigrants abroad and send back to their home countries.
Brain Drain - Highly trained and educated professionals leaving their countries. It describes the loss of trained or educated people to the lure of work in another - often richer - country.
Skills Gap - A shortage of people trained in a particular industry.
Dependency Ratio - The number of people in a dependent age group (under the age of 15 or 65 and older) divided by the number of people in the working-age population (15-64) multiplied by 100.
Kinship links - Networks of relatives and friends
Human Trafficking - The recruitment, transportation, harboring, or receipt of persons by improper means (such as force, abduction, fraud, or coercion). Victims, for instance, may be sold into forced labor.
Repatriate - Refugees returning to their home countries.
Relocation Diffusion - Spread of ideas and culture through migration.
How do Immigrants Impact the Economy?
Remittances - How does this affect development?
What are the effects of migration?
Economic Effects:
Economic growth thanks to skilled immigrants - Brain Drain (skilled workers leaving a country leading to loss of knowledge there)
Remittances
Guest workers filling jobs natives do not want to do or seasonal workers
Political Effects:
Lost lives
Lost land (Native Americans - forced migration)
Asylum seekers and refugees leaving their country (reduced workforce); may lead to a high percentage of refugees in other countries - Civil Rights of natives and asylum seekers
Can lead to border disputes (border security - Mexico and US "build the wall") - How should border security be enforced?
Cultural Effects:
Countries may put quotas on the max. number of immigrants (per country/region)
U.S. Diversity Lottery
Immigrants bring their cultures with them to the new country and shape the culture (food, music, clothes, customs, religion, language, etc.)
May lead to anti-immigrant sentiment (fear of the unknown)
Economic Benefits of Immigrants
Read this IMF (International Monetary Fund) article on brain drain: https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/1999/06/carringt.htm
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