Critical Care Medicine

1. Initial Trophic vs Full Enteral Feeding in Patients With Acute Lung Injury The EDEN Randomized Trial (2012)

    • Do various methods of tube feeding patients admitted to the ICU affect outcomes?

8. Goal-Directed Resuscitation for Patients with Early Septic Shock (2014)

    • Does early goal-directed care affect mortality inpatients presenting to the ER with septic shock?

2a. Noninvasive Ventilation for Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (1995)

    • Does NIPPV (i.e. BIPAP) reduce the risk of intubation?

9. Time to Treatment and Mortality during Mandated Emergency Care for Sepsis (2017)

    • Does a 3-hour sepsis order set reduce mortality?

2b. Noninvasive versus invasive ventilation in COPD patients with severe acute respiratory failure deemed to require ventilatory assistance (2004)

    • Does NIPPV (i.e. BIPAP) reduce the risk of intubation?

    • Does NIPPV (i.e. BIPAP) reduce morbidity and mortality?

10a. Balanced Crystalloids vs Saline in Non-critically Ill Adults (SMART, 2018)

    • Does use saline versus balanced crystalloid solution affect mortality in non-critically ill adults?

3a. Ventilation with Lower Tidal Volumes as Compared with Traditional Tidal Volumes for Acute Lung Injury and the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (2000)

    • Does low versus traditional tidal volumes reduce morbidity or mortality in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome?

10b. Balanced Crystalloids vs Saline in Critically Ill Adults (SALT-ED, 2018)

    • Does use saline versus balanced crystalloid solution affect mortality in critically ill adults?

3b. Higher versus Lower Positive End-Expiratory Pressures in Patients with the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (2004)

    • Does low versus higher PEEP reduce morbidity or mortality in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome?

11a. Adjunctive Glucocorticoid Therapy in Patients with Septic Shock (ADRENAL, 2018)

    • Do glucocorticoids reduce mortality in patients with septic shock?

4. A Comparison of Four Methods of Weaning Patients From Mechanical Ventilation (1995)

    • What is the most effective method to wean a patient from a ventilator?

11b. Hydrocortisone + Fludrocortisone for Adults with Septic Shock (APROCCHSS, 2018)

    • Do glucocorticoids combined with mineralocorticoids reduce mortality in patients with septic shock?

5a. Effect of Postextubation High-Flow Nasal Cannula vs Noninvasive Ventilation on Reintubation and Postextubation Respiratory Failure in High-Risk Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial (2016)

    • Is post-extubation HFNC non-inferior to NIPPV?

12a. Vasopressin versus Norepinephrine Infusion in Patients with Septic Shock (VASST, 2008)

    • Does vasopressin reduce mortality in patients with septic shock when compared to norepinephrine?

5b. Effect of Postextubation High-Flow Nasal Cannula vs Conventional Oxygen Therapy on Reintubation in Low-Risk Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial (2016)

    • Is the use of HFNC superior to traditional nasal cannula in preventing post-extubation complications?

12b. Comparison of Dopamine and Norepinephrine in the Treatment of Shock (SOAP-II, 2010)

    • Does vasopressin reduce mortality in patients with septic shock when compared to dopamine?

6. Heparin Plus Alteplase Compared with Heparin Alone in Patients with Submassive Pulmonary Embolism (2002)

    • Does heparin + tPA reduce morbidity or mortality when compared to heparin alone?

13a. a. A Multicenter, Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trial of Transfusion Requirements in Critical Care (TRICC, 1999)

    • Does a restrictive vs liberal transfusion strategy affect mortality?

7a. Daily Sedation Interruption in Mechanically Ventilated Critically Ill Patients Cared for With a Sedation Protocol (2012)

    • Does daily sedation interruption affect duration of ventilation or ICU stay?

13b. Transfusion Strategies for Acute Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding (2013)

    • Does a restrictive vs liberal transfusion strategy affect mortality in patients with acute upper GI bleeding?

7b. Randomized trial of light versus deep sedation on mental health after critical illness (2009)

    • Does light versus deep sedation affect duration of ventilation or mortality?

13c. Lower versus Higher Hgb Threshold for Transfusion in Septic Shock (TRISS, 2014)

    • Does a low versus high hemoglobin transfusion target strategy affect mortality in patients with septic shock?

Useful Links:

Courtesy of Dr. Shiloh


1: Millington SJ, Colvin MO, Shiloh AL, Koenig S. How I Do It: Ultrasound-Guided

Internal Jugular and Femoral Central Venous Catheter Insertion. Chest. 2020

Dec;158(6):2425-2430. doi: 10.1016/j.chest.2020.06.026. Epub 2020 Jun 26. PMID:

32599065.


2: Shiloh AL, McPhee C, Eisen L, Koenig S, Millington SJ. Better With

Ultrasound: Detection of DVT. Chest. 2020 Sep;158(3):1122-1127. doi:

10.1016/j.chest.2020.01.038. Epub 2020 Feb 20. PMID: 32087215.


3: Islam M, Levitus M, Eisen L, Shiloh AL, Fein D. Lung Ultrasound for the

Diagnosis and Management of Acute Respiratory Failure. Lung. 2020

Feb;198(1):1-11. doi: 10.1007/s00408-019-00309-1. Epub 2020 Jan 1. PMID:

31894411.


4: Millington SJ, Hendin A, Shiloh AL, Koenig S. Better With Ultrasound:

Peripheral Intravenous Catheter Insertion. Chest. 2020 Feb;157(2):369-375. doi:

10.1016/j.chest.2019.04.139. Epub 2019 Oct 22. PMID: 31654617.


5: Wang A, Hendin A, Millington SJ, Koenig S, Eisen LA, Shiloh AL. Better With

Ultrasound: Arterial Line Placement. Chest. 2020 Mar;157(3):574-579. doi:

10.1016/j.chest.2019.08.2209. Epub 2019 Oct 18. PMID: 31634448.


6: Shiloh AL, Lominadze G, Gong MN, Savel RH. Early Warning/Track-and-Trigger

Systems to Detect Deterioration and Improve Outcomes in Hospitalized Patients.

Semin Respir Crit Care Med. 2016 Feb;37(1):88-95. doi: 10.1055/s-0035-1570352.

Epub 2016 Jan 28. PMID: 26820276.


7:Weiss SL, Peters MJ, Alhazzani W, Agus MSD, Flori HR, Inwald DP, Nadel S, Schlapbach LJ, Tasker RC, Argent AC, Brierley J, Carcillo J, Carrol ED, Carroll CL, Cheifetz IM, Choong K, Cies JJ, Cruz AT, De Luca D, Deep A, Faust SN, De Oliveira CF, Hall MW, Ishimine P, Javouhey E, Joosten KFM, Joshi P, Karam O, Kneyber MCJ, Lemson J, MacLaren G, Mehta NM, Møller MH, Newth CJL, Nguyen TC, Nishisaki A, Nunnally ME, Parker MM, Paul RM, Randolph AG, Ranjit S, Romer LH, Scott HF, Tume LN, Verger JT, Williams EA, Wolf J, Wong HR, Zimmerman JJ, Kissoon N, Tissieres P. Surviving sepsis campaign international guidelines for the management of septic shock and sepsis-associated organ dysfunction in children. Intensive Care Med. 2020 Feb;46(Suppl 1):10-67. doi: 10.1007/s00134-019-05878-6. PMID: 32030529; PMCID: PMC7095013.