The Secretariat would like to thank all those who have contributed directly or indirectly in the development of this guideline.
ADVISORS
YBhg. Datuk Dr. Muhammad Radzi bin Abu Hassan
Director General of Health Malaysia
YBrs. Puan Norhaliza binti A Halim
Senior Director of Pharmaceutical Services
YBhg. Dato' Dr. Mohd Azman bin Yacob
Director of Medical Development Division
YBrs. Puan Wan Noraimi binti Wan Ibrahim
Director of Pharmacy Practice and Development Division
EDITORIAL COMMITTEE
(alphabetical order)
Dato’ Dr. Suresh Kumar a/l Chidambaram
Head of Service (Infectious Disease)
(Chairman)
Dato' Dr. Chow Ting Soo
Hospital Pulau Pinang
Dr. Benedict Lim Sim Heng
Hospital Sungai Buloh
Hannah binti Md Mahir
Hospital Sungai Buloh
Dr. Izwan Effendy bin Ismail
Klinik Kesihatan Puchong Batu 14
Mardhiyah binti Kamal
Pharmacy Practice & Development Division
Marziaty Shazreena binti Mohd Shah
Pharmacy Practice & Development Division
Dr. Nik Khairulddin bin Nik Yusoff
Hospital Raja Perempuan Zainab II
Nurul Hidayah binti Awang
Pharmacy Practice & Development Division
Dr. Rahela Ambaras Khan
Hospital Kuala Lumpur
Dr. Rohaidah binti Hashim
Institute of Medical Research
Dr. Sahlawati binti Mustakim
Hospital Sungai Buloh
Dr. Suhaila binti Md Hanapiah
National Institute of Cancer
Syahida binti Che Embi
Pharmacy Practice & Development Division
Dr. Syamhanin binti Adnan
Hospital Sungai Buloh
INFORMATION & COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY (ICT) TEAM & SUPPORT
(alphabetical order)
Anis Syazreen binti Ahmad Sanisi
Pharmacy Policy & Strategic Planning Division
Norjanah binti Mohd Nawi
Pharmacy Policy & Strategic Planning Division
WORKING COMMITTEE
(alphabetical order)
CARDIOVASCULAR INFECTIONS
TECHNICAL WORKING GROUP
Chong Meng Fei
Hospital Pulau Pinang
Foo Yen See
Hospital Sultan Idris Shah Serdang
Dr. Leong Kar Nim
Hospital Pulau Pinang
Dr. Lim Kah Chuan
Hospital Sultan Idris Shah Serdang
Dr. Rinni Damayanti binti Samsuddin
Hospital Sultan Idris Shah Serdang
Dr. Tan Ruixin
Hospital Pulau Pinang
Wong Kar Loon
Hospital Pulau Pinang
EXPERT GROUP
Mr. Ahmadi Salleh
Hospital Sultan Idris Shah Serdang
Dato’ Dr. Basheer Ahamed bin Abdul Kareem
Hospital Pulau Pinang
Dr. Dhani Darshan Francis
Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan
Dr. Kang Huan Yean
Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah
Dato Dr. Mohd Sapawi Bin Mohamed
Hospital Raja Perempuan Zainab II
Dr. Ong Tiong Kiam
Pusat Jantung Sarawak
Mr. Syed Nasir bin Syed Hassan
Hospital Pulau Pinang
CENTRAL NERVOUS INFECTIONS
TECHNICAL WORKING GROUP
Afra Nahdia binti Marizan Nor
Hospital Sungai Buloh
Dr. Amira binti Amir
Hospital Sungai Buloh
Dr. Andrew Chang Kean Wei
Hospital Umum Sarawak
Dr. Kasturi a/p Subramaniam
Hospital Umum Sarawak
Ngua Ching Zin
Hospital Umum Sarawak
Dr. Yasmin binti Mohamed Gani
Hospital Sungai Buloh
Ziran Nadiah binti Ghazali
Hospital Kuala Lumpur
EXPERT GROUP
Dr. Albert Wong Sii Hieng
Hospital Umum Sarawak
Dr. Cheah Chun Fai
Hospital Raja Permaisuri Bainun
Dr. Chia Yuen Kang
Hospital Queen Elizabeth
Mr. Fadzlishah Johanabas bin Rosli
Hospital Kuala Lumpur
Mr. Lau Bik Liang
Hospital Umum Sarawak
Dr. Mohd. Sufian bin Adenan
Hospital Kuala Lumpur
Dr. Sapiah binti Sapuan
Hospital Sungai Buloh
CHEMOPROPHYLAXIS*
TECHNICAL WORKING GROUP
Adam Ashraf bin Ja’afer
Hospital Sungai Buloh
Bay Ee Ling
Hospital Sungai Buloh
Kok Kwai Ling
Hospital Sungai Buloh
Dr. Syamhanin binti Adnan
Hospital Sungai Buloh
Siti Mahanim binti Shaik Ismail
Hospital Tengku Ampuan Rahimah
EXPERT GROUP
Dato’ Dr. Ahmad Shanwani bin Mohamed Sidek
Hospital Raja Perempuan Zainab II
Dr. Elaine Ng Hui Been
Hospital Raja Permaisuri Bainun
Dato’ Dr. Fitjerald Henry
Hospital Selayang
Dr. Kenneth Voon Kher Ti
Hospital Umum Sarawak
Dr. Gunaseelan a/l G. Durairaj
Hospital Cyberjaya
Dr. Hafizan bin Mohd Tajri
Hospital Sultan Idris Shah Serdang
Dr. Hanif bin Hussein
Hospital Kuala Lumpur
Dr. Yap Lee Ming
Hospital Melaka
* This section was also reviewed by Expert Groups from the following sections:
Cardiovascular Infections
Gastrointestinal & Hepatobiliary Infections
Central Nervous Infections
Obstetrics & Gynaecological Infections
Ocular Infections
Oral/Dental & Otorhinolaryngology Infections
Orthopaedic Infections
Plastic Surgical Infections
Urology/Nephrology Infections
GASTROINTESTINAL & HEPATOBILIARY INFECTIONS
TECHNICAL WORKING GROUP
Dr. Amizah binti Othman
Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah
Dr. Azureen binti Azmel
Hospital Tengku Ampuan Rahimah
Eng Wei Lerk, Violet
Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah
Dr. Low Lee Lee
Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah
Dr. Siti Rohani binti Abdul Hadi
Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah
Wong E Jinq
Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah
EXPERT GROUP
Dr. Azlida Che Aun
Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan
Dr. Kiew Kuang Kiat
Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah
Dr. Manisekar a/l Subramaniam
Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah
Dr. Haniza binti Omar
Hospital Selayang
Dr Nik Razima binti Wan Ibrahim
Hospital Sultan Idris Shah Serdang
Dr. Syakirah binti Samsudin
Hospital Selayang
INFECTIONS IN IMMUNOCOMPROMISED PATIENTS
TECHNICAL WORKING GROUP
Dr. Chua Hui Shan
Hospital Ampang
Dr. Heng Pao Ying
Hospital Sultanah Aminah
Kong Su Shan
Hospital Ampang
Dr. Lim Han Hua
Hospital Umum Sarawak
Dr. Noorhayati binti Abdul Rahman
Hospital Ampang
Dr. Suraya Hanim Abdullah
Hospital Ampang
Tan Chee Chin
Hospital Sultanah Aminah
EXPERT GROUP
Dr. Chew Lee Ping
Hospital Umum Sarawak
Dr. Chiang Su Kien
Hospital Pulau Pinang
Dato’ Dr. Goh Ai Sim
Hospital Pulau Pinang
Dr. Liew Hong Keng
Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah
Dr. Liew Pek Kuen
Hospital Ampang
OBSTETRICS & GYNAECOLOGICAL & SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS
TECHNICAL WORKING GROUP
Anitha Ramadas
Hospital Kuala Lumpur
Dr. Ismaliza bin Ismail
Hospital Kuala Lumpur
Dr. Khairil Erwan bin Khalid
Hospital Kuala Lumpur
Nadia Abdul Shukur
Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah
Dr. Nurzam Suhaila binti Che Hussin
Hospital Kuala Lumpur
EXPERT GROUP (OBSTETRICS & GYNAECOLOGY)
Dr. Faridah Binti Mohd Yusof
Hospital Sultanah Nur Zahirah
Dr. Tan Tze Ling
Hospital Umum Sarawak
Dr. Taneswari a/p Malayandy
Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah
Datuk Dr. Wan Ahmad Hazim bin Wan Ghazali
Hospital Putrajaya
OCULAR INFECTIONS
TECHNICAL WORKING GROUP
Ang Sinn Yin
Hospital Sungai Buloh
Dr. Noralfazita binti An@Amran
Hospital Sultan Abdul Halim
Dr. Adilahtul Bushro binti Zaini
Hospital Sungai Buloh
EXPERT GROUP
Dr. Hanizasurana binti Hashim
Hospital Selayang
Dr. Mohd Aziz bin Husni
Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan
Dr. Norlaila binti Talib
Hospital Sultan Idris Shah Serdang
Dr. Shamala Retnasabapathy
Hospital Sungai Buloh
ORAL / DENTAL & OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY INFECTIONS
TECHNICAL WORKING GROUP
Ahmad Ridza Bin Ahmad Nizam
Hospital Tuanku Jaáfar
Hannah binti Md Mahir
Hospital Sungai Buloh
Izyana Munirah binti Idham
Hospital Sungai Buloh
Dr. Ng Tiang Koi
Hospital Tuanku Jaáfar
Dr. Nurul Hafizah Mohd Yusoff
Hospital Tuanku Jaáfar
Dr. Tay Kim Heng
Hospital Sungai Buloh
EXPERT GROUP (ORAL/DENTAL)
Dr. Lily Laura binti Azmi
Program Kesihatan Pergigian
Dr. Nurul Hayati binti Anwar
Program Kesihatan Pergigian
Dr. Sofiah binti Mat Ripen
Program Kesihatan Pergigian
EXPERT GROUP (OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY)
Dr. (Ms.) Jothi Shanmuganathan
Hospital Sultanah Aminah
Dr. (Ms.) Khairunnisak Misron
Hospital Sultan Ismail
Dr. (Mr.) Zahirrudin bin Zakaria
Hospital Pulau Pinang
Dr. Zulkiflee bin Salahuddin
Hospital Raja Perempuan Zainab II
ORTHOPAEDIC INFECTIONS
TECHNICAL WORKING GROUP
Dr. Nor Zaila binti Zaidan
Hospital Melaka
Siow Chee Chen
Hospital Melaka
Dr. Syaziah binti Ibrahim
Hospital Melaka
EXPERT GROUP
Dr. Abdul Muttalib bin Abdul Wahid
Hospital Tuanku Ja’afar
Dr. Faris bin Kamaruddin
Hospital Umum Sarawak
Dr. Sa’adon bin Ibrahim
Hospital Sultan Ismail
Dr. Siti Hawa binti Tahir
Hospital Kuala Lumpur
RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS
TECHNICAL WORKING GROUP
Dr. Boon Kah Ying
Hospital Pulau Pinang
Dr. Chuah Chuan Huan
Hospital Pulau Pinang
Dr. Giri Shan
Hospital Queen Elizabeth II
Lim Shiao Hui
Hospital Pulau Pinang
Dr. Mazriza binti Madon
Hospital Kuala Lumpur
Dr. Noridah binti Nordin
Hospital Raja Perempuan Zainab II
Tan Sin Yee
Hospital Kuala Lumpur
EXPERT GROUP
Dr. Lalitha Pereirasamy
Hospital Pulau Pinang
Dato’ Dr. Mat Zuki bin Mat Jaeb
Hospital Raja Perempuan Zainab II
Dr. Nabilah binti Salman Parasi@Sulaiman
Institut Perubatan Respiratori
Dr. Suzila binti Che Sayuti
Hospital Raja Perempuan Zainab II
SEPSIS & TROPICAL INFECTIONS
Dr. Anilawati binti Mat Jelani
Hospital Raja Perempuan Zainab II
Dr. Azura binti Hussin
Hospital Raja Perempuan Zainab II
Hanan Hayati binti Mamat
Hospital Raja Perempuan Zainab II
Siti Nurul Asikin binti Makhtar
Hospital Kuala Lumpur
Dr. Suhaila binti Ab Wahab
Hospital Tuanku Fauziah
SKIN & SOFT TISSUE / PLASTIC SURGICAL INFECTIONS
TECHNICAL WORKING GROUP
Cheah Meng Fei
Hospital Raja Permaisuri Bainun
Dr. Cheng Joo Thye
Hospital Raja Permaisuri Bainun
Dr. Fong Kang Chyi @ Foong Kang Chyi
Hospital Raja Permaisuri Bainun
Fong Siew Li
Hospital Sungai Buloh
Dr. Nor Arisah binti Misnan
Hospital Sungai Buloh
Dr. Nur Hanani Binti Ahmad
Hospital Sungai Buloh
EXPERT GROUP (DERMATOLOGY)
Dr. Azura binti Mohd Affandi
Hospital Kuala Lumpur
Dr. Moonyza Akmal Bt. Ahmad Kamil
Hospital Kuala Lumpur
Dr. Rajalingam A/L Ramalingam
Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan
Dr. Teeba a/p Raja
Hospital Selayang
EXPERT GROUP (PLASTIC SURGERY)
Dr. Hasliza binti Md Shahir
Hospital Pulau Pinang
Dr. Ilyasak bin Hussin
Hospital Putrajaya
Dr. Mohd Shakir Bathusha bin Mohd Hussain
Hospital Sultanah Nur Zahirah
Dr. Salina binti Ibrahim
Hospital Sungai Buloh
UROLOGY / NEPHROLOGY INFECTIONS
TECHNICAL WORKING GROUP
Dr. Alif Adlan Mohd Thabit
Hospital Selayang
Chew Chia Zin
Hospital Kuala Lumpur
Muhammad Zulhafiz bin Zulkupli
Hospital Selayang
Dr. Norazlah binti Bahari
Hospital Selayang
Dr. Nurhafiza binti Ishak
Hospital Kuala Lumpur
Dr. Steven Lim Chee Loon
Hospital Raja Permaisuri Bainun
EXPERT GROUP (UROLOGY)
Mr. Am Basheer Bin Alias
Hospital Raja Perempuan Zainab II
Mr. Kumarappan a/l KM Alagapan
Hospital Pulau Pinang
Dr. Noor Ashani bin Md Yusoff
Hospital Kuala Lumpur
Mr. Roger Bin Anthony Idi
Hospital Umum Sarawak
EXPERT GROUP (NEPHROLOGY)
Dr. B. Sunita a/p V. Bavanandan
Hospital Kuala Lumpur
Dr. Jeevita a/p Supayah
Hospital Sungai Buloh
Dr. Lee Yee Yan
Hospital Raja Permaisuri Bainun
Dr. Wan Hazlina Wan Mohamad
Hospital Kuala Lumpur
INFECTIONS IN PAEDIATRICS
Dr. Chan Kwai Cheng
Hospital Pulau Pinang
Dr. Chong Chooi Siang
Hospital Tunku Azizah
Dr. Choo Chong Ming
Hospital Pulau Pinang
Dr. David Ng Chun-Ern
Hospital Tuanku Jaáfar
Dr. Haema Shunmugarajoo
Hospital Raja Permaisuri Bainun
Dr. Hazilawati binti Hussin
Hospital Tunku Azizah
Dr. Koh Ghee Tiong
Hospital Sultan Idris Shah, Serdang
Dr. Marlindawati binti Mohd Ali
Hospital Tuanku Jaáfar
Dr. Mohamad Azlan bin Hamdan
Hospital Sungai Buloh
Ms. Najua binti Ramli
Hospital Melaka
Dr. Nazedah binti Ain @ Ibrahim
Hospital Tunku Azizah
Dr. Nik Khairulddin Nik Yusoff
Hospital Raja Perempuan Zainab II
Nurulhusna Syuhaidah binti Yusof
Hospital Raja Permaisuri Bainun
Dr. Sangeetha Siniah
Hospital Tunku Azizah
Sharini binti Sha’ari
Hospital Tuanku Ampuan Najihah
Dr. Shazreen @ Fatihah binti Shaari
Hospital Raja Perempuan Zainab II
Mr. Tarmizi Mohd Nor
Hospital Raja Perempuan Zainab II
Dr. Tiew Wah Tin
Hospital Tunku Azizah
Dr. Wong Ke Juin
Hospital Wanita & Kanak-Kanak Likas
CLINICAL PATHWAYS IN PRIMARY CARE
Dr. Ahmad Fithri Azam bin Abdul Rahman
Klinik Kesihatan Tengkera
Dr. Alidahani binti Mohamad Yusof
Klinik Kesihatan Petaling Bahagia
Dr. Durga Murugia
Klinik Kesihatan Taman Medan
Dr. Izwan Effendy bin Ismail
Klinik Kesihatan Puchong Batu 14
Dr. Ho Bee Kiau
Klinik Kesihatan Bandar Botanik
Kueh Mei Yen
Bahagian Perkembangan Kesihatan Awam
Dr. Noor Hasliza binti Hassan
Klinik Kesihatan Sungai Pelek
Nur Syellawaty binti Ahmad
Pejabat Kesihatan Daerah Petaling
Dr. Rupinder Kaur a/p Hardyal Singh
Klinik Kesihatan Kelana Jaya
Dr. Wan Noor Azlin binti Wan Idris
Klinik Kesihatan Putrajaya Presint 9
APPENDIX
APPENDIX 1: CLINICAL PHARMACOKINETIC GUIDE (AMINOGLYCOSIDE & VANCOMYCIN)
AUTHORS:
Dr. Suzana binti Mustafa
Hospital Raja Perempuan Zainab II
Hannah binti Abdul Halim
Hospital Kuala Lumpur
APPENDIX 2: ANTIBIOTIC DOSAGES IN PATIENTS WITH IMPAIRED RENAL FUNCTION
AUTHORS:
Adult:
Manjulaa Devi
Hospital Selayang
Paediatric:
Subasyini a/p Sivasupramaniam
Hospital Sultan Idris Shah Serdang
APPENDIX 3: ANTIBIOTICS ALLERGY EVALUATION PROTOCOL
MAIN AUTHOR:
Dr. Mohammed Faizal Bakhtiar
Institute for Medical Research
CONTRIBUTORS:
Dr. Tang Min Moon
Sarawak General Hospital
Dr. Zareen Yahya
Hospital Kuala Lumpur
Dr. Kwok Fan Yin
Hospital Kuala Lumpur
Dr. Khairil Erwan Khalid
Hospital Kuala Lumpur
Dr. Rahela Ambaras Khan
Hospital Kuala Lumpur
Ms. Anitha Ramadas
Hospital Kuala Lumpur
APPENDIX 4: ANTIBIOTICS IN PREGNANCY & LACTATION
AUTHOR:
Kalaivani a/p Subramaniam
Hospital Sungai Buloh
APPENDIX 5: SPECIMEN COLLECTION & TRANSPORTATION GUIDE
AUTHORS:
Dr. Aliah binti Abdul Rahman
Hospital Wanita dan Kanak-Kanak Sabah
Dr. Nasrina binti Mohd Nasran
Hospital Kulim
Dr. Norliyana Bt Nordin
Hospital Duchess of Kent, Sandakan
Dr. Nurul Suhaili Binti Kamarudin
Hospital Kuala Lumpur
Dr. Sahlawati Mustakim
Hospital Sungai Buloh
APPENDIX 6: IV TO ORAL SWITCH
AUTHOR:
Mak Woh Yon
Klinik Kesihatan Kuala Lumpur