using graphs and equations
using graphs and equations
Describe translational motion using appropriate graphs, equations and terms.
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Key features of a distance time/graph:
Straight line shows constant velocity
Horizontal line means the object is stationary
Curved line means an object is accelerating (changing velocity)
To calculate a constant velocity we can use the gradient of the graph (rise/run) or the formula;
v=d/t
v=d/t
v= velocity (ms-1)
d= distance (m)
t= time (s)
These features can be linked to the forces that are acting on a n object;
1 and 2 indicated that the forces are balanced.
Stated in Newton's first law that;
"and object will remain at rest or in uniform motion in a straight line unless acted on by an external force".
3 indicates that the forces are unbalanced
Stated in Newton's second law that;
" when an unbalanced force acts on an object it will cause it to accelerate"
F=ma
F=ma
F= Force (N)
m= mass (Kg)
a= acceleration (ms-2)
Speed/time graph
Speed/time graph
Key features of a speed/time graph;
A straight line is constant acceleration
A horizontal line is a constant speed
The Area under the graph is distance travelled
Acceleration can be calculated by the gradient under the graph or the equation
a=Δv/t
a=Δv/t
a= acceleration (ms-2)
Δv = change in velocity (ms-1)
t=time (s)
Distance can be calculated either by calculating the area under the graph or using the kinematic equations.
vf=vi + at
vf=vi + at
d=vit + ½ at2
d=vit + ½ at2
vf2=vi2+2ad
vf2=vi2+2ad
d=1/2(vf+vi)t
d=1/2(vf+vi)t
vf = final velocity (ms-1)
vi= initial velocity(ms-1)
d= distance (m)
t= time(s)
a= acceleration (ms-2)
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