Appendix A: Acronyms & Abbreviation

AAC: Augmentative and Alternative Communication.

AMSTAR‑2: A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews (version 2).

ASHA: American Speech‑Language‑Hearing Association

ASHAWire: ASHA’s online journals platform.

CAS: Childhood Apraxia of Speech

CE / CEU: Continuing Education / Continuing Education Unit

CII: Cumulative Intervention Intensity (total production attempts across sessions)

CORE: (In AAC) high‑frequency vocabulary used across contexts

CV / VC / CVC: Consonant‑Vowel / Vowel‑Consonant / Consonant‑Vowel‑Consonant syllable shapes

DEAP: Diagnostic Evaluation of Articulation and Phonology

DTTC: Dynamic Temporal and Tactile Cueing

GDE: Global Domain Evaluation (PROMPT assessment component)

GFTA‑3: Goldman‑Fristoe Test of Articulation, 3rd Edition

IEP: Individualized Education Program

KP: Knowledge of Performance (specific feedback about how a movement was produced)

KR: Knowledge of Results (right/wrong or outcome‑focused feedback, often delayed)

K‑SLP: Kaufman Speech to Language Protocol

LAMP: Language Acquisition through Motor Planning (AAC framework/app family)

MA: Meta‑analysis (quantitative synthesis of multiple studies)

MLU: Mean Length of Utterance

MSH: Motor Speech Hierarchy (PROMPT)

PCC: Percent Consonants Correct (phoneme‑level accuracy metric)

PML: Principles of Motor Learning (practice, feedback, schedule variables)

PPC: Percent Phonemes Correct (segmental accuracy metric for treated/untreated sets)

PLS‑5: Preschool Language Scale, Fifth Edition

PROMPT: Prompts for Restructuring Oral Muscular Phonetic Targets

RCT: Randomized Controlled Trial

ReST: Rapid Syllable Transition Treatment/Training

RoB: Risk of Bias (methodological quality domain in studies)

SAO: System Analysis Observation (PROMPT assessment tool)

SCED: Single‑Case Experimental Design.

SGD: Speech‑Generating Device

SLP: Speech‑Language Pathologist/Pathology

TKP: Tactile‑Kinesthetic‑Proprioceptive (type of cue/input used in PROMPT and other motor‑based treatments)

TOCS+: Test of Children’s Speech‑Plus (intelligibility/connected speech measure)

WHO‑ICF: World Health Organization’s International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health.

WVU: West Virginia University