How are genomic programs executed during embryogenesis to build a body plan, and how do these plans evolve? 

Gene regulatory networks control cell fate specification, but to build an organ, cells must actively engage with their physical environment. 

We use the larval skeleton of the sea urchin to decipher how mechanical and biochemical information are integrated by the cells to build distinct biomineral structures, and how these interactions have evolved. 

Our work reveals general principles of biomineral formation with implications for developmental biology, evolution, and bioinspired materials design.