Subtraction

What is Subtraction?

Subtraction is removing objects from a group
Partition and reduction
Inverse of addition
Result of subtraction is called the difference.
It is the difference between two numbers on a numberline
Not commutative (order matters).

Step 1

How many have been subtracted? Covering up numbers

EYFS

Step 2

1D - 1D using cubes

Year 1

Step 2

1D - 1D using a number line

Year 1

Step 3

A number up to 20 - 1D number

Year 2

Step 3

A number up to 20 - 1D number

Year 2

Step 4

2D - 10 using partitioning

Year 2

Step 5

Multiple of 10 - multiple of 10 using a number grid

Year 2

Step 6

Multiple of 10 - multiple of 10

Year 2

Step 6

Multiple of 10 - multiple of 10

Year 2

Step 7

Multiple of 10 - 1 digit using a number grid

Year 2

Step 7

Multiple of 10 - 1 digit using a number line

Year 2

Step 8

2 Digit -1 digit using partitioning

Year 2

Step 9

3 digit - 1 digit using a number line

Year 2/3

Step 9

3 digit - 1 digit using a number grid

Year 2/3

Step 10

Finding the gap to next multiple of 10 using exchanging

Year 2/3

Step 10

Finding the gap to next multiple of 10 using a number grid

Year 2/3

Step 10

Finding the gap to next multiple of 10

Year 2/3

Step 11

2 Digit - multiple of 10 using partitioning

Year 3

Step 11

2 Digit - multiple of 10

Year 3: Use concrete until the child can do this mentally. Column subtraction should never be used for questions like this. If the child defaults to that then we need to work on understanding place value.

Step 12

Number bonds to 100 using number grid

Year 3: Play games using a 100 square to get the children use to using it.

Step 12

Number bonds to 100

Year 3: Understanding that subtraction and addition are commutative.

Step 13

2 digit - 2 digit using a number line

Year 3

Step 13

2 digit - 2 digit using exchanging: Column method

Year 3

Step 14

3 digit - multiple of 100: Mental calculation

Year 3

Step 15

3 or 4 digit - 2 or 3 digit using a number line

Year 4

Step 15

3 or 4 digit - 2 or 3 digit using exchange: Column method

Year 4

Step 16

4 digit subtraction using exchange: Column method

Year 4

Step 17

1dp - 1dp using number line

Year 5: Only ever use two jumps

Step 18

2dp - 2dp exchanging column method

Year 5: Always line up the decimal points

Step 19

Large multiple of 10 - small number using adjustment

Year 5: model the idea behind this using a number line. The difference between the two numbers will be the same if I adjust them both by 1.

Step 20

Whole number - decimal using adjustment

Year 5

Step 21

Whole number - decimal number

Year 6

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