Multiplication

What is Multiplication

Multiplication is represented by the symbol 'X'

It involves adding the same number repeatedly, which simplifies the process of calculating large sums.
It can be thought of as arranging items into equal groups, where the product represents the total number of items.
It is used to scale quantities, making them larger or smaller based on the multiplication factor.
Multiplication and division are inverse operations. Multiplying a number by another is the opposite of dividing the first number by the second.
Multiplication is commutative. The order of the multiplicands does not affect the result; the product remains the same regardless of their arrangement.
Fluency importance: For young learners, fluency in multiplication, specifically knowing times tables, is crucial and expected to be achieved by the end of Year 4.

Step 1

Showing it is easier to count in arrays.

End of Year 1: Arranging numbers into arrays

Step 2

Doubling even numbers less than 10

End of Year 1: Double numbers using fingers and counters

Step 3

Doubling odd numbers less than 10

End of Year 1: Double numbers using fingers and counters

Step 4

Counting in groups of 2.

End of year 1: Count in multiples of two, five and ten.

Step 5

Multiplying by representing 'lots'

End of Year 1: Record groups of things in a number sentence 6 X 5 = 30

Step 6

Repeated addition using counters.

End of Year 1: Record repeated addition as a multiplication calculation

Step 7

Finding a half

Year 2

Step 8

Using arrays for repeated addition to make a total

Year 2

Step 9

Doubling tricks for your 2, 4 and 8 times table.

EYFS - Beginning to count in 2 and 10s
Year 1 - Know 2, 5, 10 times tables
Year 2 - Know 2, 3, 4, 5, 10 times tables
Year 3 - Know 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9 and 10 times table
Year 4 - Know all your times tables and corresponding division facts, up to 12 X 12

Step 10

Doubling tricks for your 3 and 6 times table.

Year 2 and Year 3

Step 11

Doubling a 2 digit number without exchanging

Year 3

Step 12

Doubling a 2 digit number with exchanging

Year 3

Step 13

Multiply a 1 digit number by a 2 digit multiple of 10

Year 3

Step 14

Multiply a 2 digit number by a 1 digit number

Year 3: All digits are below 5

Step 15

Multiply a 2 digit number by a 1 digit number mentally.

Year 3: Only do this in the times table they have learnt ( 2,3,4,5,6,8 and 10 times table

Step 16

Multiply a 2 digit number by a 1 digit number

Year 3 using only 2,3,4,5,6,8 and 10 times table

Year 4 using all times tables

Step 17

Multiply two, 2 digit numbers that are multiples of 10

Year 4

Step 18

Multiply two, 3 digit numbers that are multiples of 100

Year 4

Step 19

Double any number mentally

Year 4

Step 20

Multiply a 1 digit number by a 1 decimal place number

Year 4

Step 21

Multiply a 1 decimal place number by a 1 decimal place number

Year 4

Step 22

Multiply 3 digit number by a 1 digit number

Year 4: Short method and long method

Step 23

Multiply a 2 digit number by a 2 digit number

Year 5

Step 24

Multiply a 4-digit by 2-digit multiple of 10

Year 5

Step 25

Multiply 4 place value Money by 1digit.

Year 5

Step 26

Multiply up to 4-digit numbers by 1 digit.

Year 5: Short method and long method

Step 27

Multiply up to 4 digit numbers by 2 digit numbers.

Year 5 and Year 6

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