Written in 2017, this research examines the differences between the value teachers have on technology in the classroom and the level of integration that is happening in the classroom. The conclusion is that while teachers agree it is important, even essential, for students to have technology skills, many teachers need more extensive and intentional professional development to have the skills to bring technology into their classrooms.

Published in 2022, this article addresses assistive technology (AT) and instructional technology (IT) for students with disabilities. It concluded that many of the AT strategies being used were at the substitution level of IT, thus not fully bringing integration to the students studied. Solutions offered included more prescriptive professional development for special education and general education teachers to provide the skills necessary to successfully bring AT and IT to the classroom.